2005 Cowdrey & Davis Book

Wayne Cowdrey, et al.
Who Really Wrote The Book of Mormon?
The Spalding Enigma
St. Louis: Concordia Pub. House, 2005
ISBN: 0758605277

Title page
Contents
Foreword
Preface
Introduction
excerpts

Comments Errata Lit. Index Index

Copyright � 2005 Wayne L. Cowdrey, Howard A. Davis, & Arthur Vanick
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On-line Excerpts | Rigdon & Spalding in 1816 | 1977 "Who Really Wrote" precursor

On-line Index | 2000 CD edition | 2006 Matthew Roper review | Reply to Roper

Who Really Wrote
THE BOOK OF MORMON?

THE
SPALDING
ENIGMA

WAYNE L. COWDREY • HOWARD A. DAVIS • ARTHUR VANICK

C O N C O R D I A P U B L I S H I N G H O U S E • S A I N T L O U I S

Because of copyright law restrictions,
only limited "fair use" excerpts are presented here.

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CONTENTS

List of Frequently Used Terms
Forword
Preface
Introduction
1. Genesis
2. Memories
3. Synchronicities
4. The Letter
5. Red Herring
6. Hat Trick
7. Questions
8. Family Plot
9. The Elusive Oliver
10. The Gold Bible Business
11. The Mysterious Stranger
12. Revelations
Afterward
Appendix 1
Appendix 2
Appendix 3
Appendix 4
Appendix 5
Appendix 6
Appendix 7
Notes

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FOREWORD

By Rev. George Mather ¹

As of December 13, 2000, membership in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints was reported to be at 11,068,861 members, with 34 new temples dedicated in the same year. They have well over 60,000 full-time missionaries throughout the world. ² The Christian church needs to take Mormonism seriously and address its growth in a wise and loving manner.

Over the years, Christians have been trying to evangelize Mormons using a variety of methods. It is not unusual to use apologetics (defense of the faith) in their zeal to reach members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, though these approaches have been used with little success, The apologetic approaches used have often led to what Mormons have dubbed "Mormon Bashing," whether intentional or unintentional. Who Really Wrote The Book of Mormon? is not a book that will evangelize the Latter-day Saints. Rather, it presents the historical facts and the reliability of the Spalding Enigma. However, it is one thing to know the facts, and another to know what to do with the facts.

Like Mormonism as a whole, the origin of The Book of Mormon has mystified many people over the years. Like many religions, one of their authoritative books claims to be of divine origin. Therefore, it is only reasonable to study the historical circumstances surrounding such claims of divinity. One would be wise to do what the Bible invites us: "Beloved, do not believe every spirit, but test the spirits to see whether they are from God, for many false prophets have gone out into the world" (1 John 4:1). We should examine just what it is that we believe (2 Corinthians 13:5).

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PREFACE

by Dale R. Broadhurst ¹

According to a story that is probably more apocryphal than factual, on January 27, 1840, Mormon prophet Joseph Smith reportedly appeared before a large audience of prominent persons in Washington D. C. and delivered a prophecy concerning an eminent Protestant minister who had been preaching sermons in the nation's capital against the Mormons and their self-proclaimed sacred writings. Dr. Robert D. Foster, physician to the Mormon leaders then visiting Washington, recalled that President Martin Van Buren, Senator Henry Clay, Senator Thomas H. Benton, Representative John Quincy Adams and "many other celebrated characters" were present when Joseph Smith prophesied utter doom and destruction against the Rev. George Grimston Cookman, Chaplain of the United States Senate.

Among the disputed opinions that Rev. Cookman is alleged to have preached to his Washington parishioners that winter were his condemnation of Joseph Smith as an "arch impostor" whose practices and doctrines "were very irreligious and inconsistent with Bible truth." ² The Senate Chaplain also reportedly stated that Joseph Smith "did not believe in the Bible, but had got a new one, dug up in Palmyra, New York; and that it was nothing but an irreligious romance, and that Smith had obtained it from the widow of one Spaulding, who wrote it for his own amusement." ³ In his rebuttal to Rev. Cookman, Joseph Smith is said to have stood before that distinguished Washington audience and "uttered a prophecy, one of the most wonderful predictions of his life." The Mormon Prophet declared Chaplain Cookman's preaching against the Mormons to be "willfully and wickedly false, and that if he, Cookman, did not take it back and acknowledge that he had dealt falsely of

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him, his people, and his own congregation, also that he must turn and preach the truth and quit deceiving the people with fables, he should be cut off from the face of the earth, both he and his posterity... this should be so plainly manifest that all should know it." ⁵ Smith closed this startling LDS prophecy by declaring to his incredulous auditors: "Write it on your tablets; write it in a book; write it in your memory; for as sure as God ever spoke by my mouth, all these things shall come to pass." ⁶ According to Dr. Foster, not long thereafter Rev. Cookman made ready to sail to England, and, "Both he, his wife, and all his children went on board the steamship President, and neither the ship nor a soul is left to tell what was their sad end. But the prophecy is fulfilled to the letter, and the words uttered on that occasion have never been forgotten by me, nor I presume by hundreds of others. Had Cookman gone alone, it might be charged to chance, but why was it that his whole family were suddenly cut off, both root and branch?" ⁷

As a sixth generation descendent of some of the earliest Latter Day Saint converts, I look upon Dr. Foster's extraordinary report with a measure of dismay and apprehension. If Divine Providence deals thusly with those people who assert that The Book of Mormon is "nothing but an irreligious romance," written long ago by a certain Solomon Spalding, perhaps I should abandon my own investigations along those lines altogether and completely disassociate myself with those researchers and scholars who continue to advance such authorship claims at this late date. On the other hand, I am intrigued that the Solomon Spalding claims for Book of Mormon authorship have survived into the twenty-first century and that this troublesome authorship question appears to remain unresolved. In his recent Master's thesis, prepared at Louisville's Southern Baptist Theological Seminary, Rev. Bryan Ready, a student of American Protestant theology, remarks:

The purpose of this thesis was to examine critically William Whitsitt's claim that Sidney Rigdon was the 'real founder of Mormonism,' and to argue that Whitsitt's research is an extremely valuable contribution to the understanding of the origins of Mormonism. I went on to identify his most significant contributions... Whitsitt demonstrated that Rigdon likely had a connection with Smith prior to his "conversion" in 1830.... that Campbellite theology can be found in the Book of Mormon.... as a result of Whitsitt's findings, Rigdon's role in early Mormonism needs to be reevaluated, and the Spalding-Rigdon theory needs to be reexamined.... Whitsitt's most significant contribution is that Mormonism was founded

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by sincere, albeit extremely misguided, individuals who believed they were restoring authentic Christianity.

If the celebrated Rev. Dr. William H. Whitsitt thought that people like Solomon Spalding and Sidney Rigdon had a hand in writing The Book of Mormon and thus furnished a basis for the early "sincere, albeit extremely misguided" Mormon faith, then perhaps there is an important story here, still waiting to be told, after all. In several different ways the work of the writers of this book and the generally overlooked nineteenth century scholarship of Dr. Whitsitt appear to supplement and complement each other. If Rev. Ready (who has carefully read nearly everything written by Whitsitt and much by the Enigma authors), feels that the time has come to admit that Sidney Rigdon "likely had a connection with Smith prior to his 'conversion' in 1830" and that "Rigdon's role in early Mormonism needs to be reevaluated, and the Spalding-Rigdon theory needs to be reexamined," why should any honest seeker of the truth wish to stand in the way of such research and investigation?

In 1945 a would-be biographer of Joseph Smith published a seminal work on the Mormon Prophet which has ever since colored the imaginations of practically everybody who has written on the subject of Mormon origins. I am of course referring to Fawn MacKay Brodie's thoroughly readable No Man Knows My History: The Life of Joseph Smith.⁸ Mrs. Brodie was a Latter-day Saint in good standing when she researched and wrote her well-known book. No doubt she truly believed that Sidney Rigdon and Solomon Spalding could not possibly have had anything to do with the writing of The Book of Mormon; at least, that is the message she has conveyed to the world so well. If Mrs. Brodie is correct in rejecting the "Rigdon-Spalding theory," then I suppose that the authors of this book must be fundamentally wrong in what they have to report. If, on the other hand, those same authors are substantially correct, Mrs. Brodie's volume and practically every other book ever published mentioning Joseph Smith and early Mormon history needs to be re-examined or re-written.

It also follows that if the authors of Who Really Wrote The Book of Mormon? (as well as numerous past investigators like William H. Whitsitt) are basically correct in what they have to say about Mormon origins, then the Mormons themselves are faced with a crucial challenge regarding their identity as a people and their proper place within the Judeo-Christian tradition. So long as the Mormons remain a relatively small group within that tradition, not openly attempting to establish a pre-millennial theocracy, then perhaps Christians and the secular public can afford to ignore them and thought-provoking books like this one. However, should they continue their rapid

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expansion as a very wealthy, tightly cohesive, and politically influential movement comprising many millions of members, still professing a supposedly divine mandate to establish a world-wide theocracy, then we all might do well to take a second, scrutinizing look at reports like this book. In a day an age when the Mormons are actively seeking to adopt a mainstream Christian face and social credentials, perhaps it is useful to re-examine their beginnings. By understanding the Latter-day Saints, their origins within and alongside American Protestantism, and the methods they have used to become an extensive modern institution, we all can better determine whether they pose a threat to contemporary communities of faith, or perhaps provide, instead, potentially valuable resources in a world whose religious future is yet unfolding.

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INTRODUCTION

So long as a mystery hangs over the origin of The Book of Mormon, so long will the name of Solomon Spalding be associated with a creed which was formulated years after his death, and with a church of which he had never heard.
James Harrison Kennedy (1888) ¹

One of the richest, most influential, and fastest growing religious organizations in the world is the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, with headquarters in Salt Lake City, Utah. Also known as the Mormons, the Church is renowned for its aggressive missionary activities, its virtual stranglehold on Utah politics, and its long history of shrewd financial dealings that have made it a force to be reckoned with. However, few are aware of a fascinating body of evidence that has continued to accumulate over the years and, despite efforts by pro-Mormon scholars to deny or dismiss it, has grown to such proportion that it now poses a significant challenge to history itself. At stake is nothing less than the Church's most sacred text, The Book of Mormon. At issue is whether this long-revered book is actually a valuable, historical record of pre-Columbian North America or a deception of the first order, perpetrated upon the gullible and the credulous by the very founder of the Church himself, Prophet Joseph Smith. ²

Some of this evidence has been previously published, only to be met with a wall of denial from loyal and often eloquent Mormon apologists. However, upon being integrated with certain recent discoveries, a case of such overwhelming significance emerges that continuing to ignore it would constitute a historical injustice. The record speaks for itself. The purpose of this volume

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1
GENESIS

It is only the densely ignorant, the totally depraved, and clergymen of different denominations afflicted with anti-Mormon rabies, who still use the Spaulding theory to account for the origin of The Book of Mormon.
Salt Lake City, Deseret Evening News (May 14, 1901) ¹

The Bible speaks of the Hebrews as a people divided into twelve tribes, yet today it is generally understood that modern Israel is descended from only two tribes. The fate of the other ten "lost tribes" has long been the subject of myth and controversy.

According to traditional accounts promulgated by the Church of Jesus Christ of latter-day Saints (LDS), ² the process that led to the publication of The Book of Mormon began in 1823, when the angel Moroni allegedly visited 18-year-old church founder Joseph Smith, and explained to him that the North American Indians were descendants of the House of Israel. During this experience, Smith was informed that several groups of Israelites had migrated to North America many centuries before, and a sacred record of their ancient wanderings had been preserved and lay hidden in a cave beneath a small hill near Palmyra, New York, about three miles from Smith's home.

Finally, in 1827, after repeated communications with his angel, Joseph Smith claimed to have uncovered these records that, he said, were engraved upon plates having the appearance of gold. These plates (or sheets) were about as thick as heavy-duty aluminum foil, measured approximately eight inches long by seven inches wide, covered on both sides with engravings similar

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a "you must believe this in your heart" or an "ask God to show you this is true" strategy with potential converts.

In addition, it should be noted that there is a distinct difference between historical evidence that is truly anti-Mormon, and that which originates with sources who are merely non-Mormon. In this light, most sources cited herein must be considered non-Mormon simply because no evidence exists that would tie them to any consistent pattern of anti-Mormon behavior. In essence, these are generally disinterested non-Mormon citizens whose recollections, by one means or another, have been carefully preserved for posterity. As such, just as in any other historical controversy, each piece of testimony deserves to be carefully weighed and considered upon its own merits.

Once the basic facts of the Spalding Enigma have been set forth, it becomes clear that the issue is whether evidence supporting a conspiracy by Joseph Smith and others to transform Solomon Spalding's manuscript into The Book of Mormon is strong enough to overcome the inevitable question of reasonable doubt. With that in mind, let us begin by noting that present Mormon objections to the Spalding Enigma can be effectively reduced to a list of four basic points:

1. Sidney Rigdon was neither employed by nor otherwise connected with any print shop in Pittsburgh. In fact, no evidence exists to indicate he was ever in Pittsburgh prior to his having moved there in 1822, six years after Spalding's death (though his son, John Wycliffe Rigdon, does admit his father visited the city as early as 1818). Moreover, Sidney Rigdon denied any involvement in the Spalding Enigma in a strongly worded letter written in May 1839, in reply to allegations made by Spalding's widow.

2. The origin of the so-called Spalding Enigma can be traced to the vindictive designs of one Doctor Philastus Hurlbut, who engineered the entire myth as part of a personal vendetta against the Mormons for their having excommunicated him in 1833. Indeed, all of the statements of non-Mormon witnesses collected by Hurlbut and others like him between approximately 1830 and 1900 are unacceptable as evidence because of their anti-Mormon bias.

3. Although The Book of Mormon was published in March 1830, no credible evidence exists to show that Joseph Smith and Sidney Rigdon had dealings with each other prior to December of that year, thus ruling out all possibility that Rigdon could have supplied Smith with the text for that work.

4. Finally, comparisons of The Book of Mormon to an earlier Solomon Spalding work called Manuscript Story � Conneaut Creek, a copy of which was recovered in 1833 from an old trunk in Hartwick, New York, show no similarities whatsoever between the two works. In addition, Mormons have consistently argued that no credible evidence exists to suggest Spalding ever wrote anything else, that Manuscript Story � Conneaut Creek and A Manuscript Found are one and the same, and that this alone is sufficient to dispel the Spalding Enigma.

In order to properly present Solomon Spalding's case, and to demonstrate that all of the above objections are historically deficient, it will be necessary to examine these points individually and to carefully consider the facts surrounding each of them.

According to the version of the Spalding story preferred by most pro-Mormon writers, it all began with Doctor Philastus Hurlbut ("Doctor" was his given name, not an academic title) ²⁵ who, having been excommunicated from the Latter-day Saints in June 1833 for alleged improprieties involving members of the opposite sex,

took to lecturing against the Mormons, holding forth first at Springfield, Erie county, Penn., some distance east of Conneaut. Finally visiting the Jackson settlement... he learned, from one of the Jacksons, of Solomon Spaulding, and that he had written a story called Manuscript Found. "Not that any of these persons," says my authority... "had the most distant idea that his (Spaulding's) novel had ever been converted into The Book of Mormon; or that there was any connection between them."

It was the conception of Dr. Hurlburt [sic] that this Spaulding manuscript could be used in concocting a country theory for the origin of The Book of Mormon � "a long felt want," by the way, among those who opposed the book and the work growing out of it. With the information he had obtained in the Jackson Settlement, Hurlburt repairs to Kirtland [Ohio], holds a public meeting, at which there is great joy, and enthusiasm among the anti-Mormons in that vicinity, because of Hurlburt's theory of the origin of The Book of Mormon. One Mr. Newel, a bitter anti-Mormon, promised to advance $300 for prosecuting the work of identification, and others contributed liberally for the same purpose.... ²⁶

The above account, though written in 1908, essentially paraphrases the words of Benjamin F. Winchester, who, in 1840, published the Mormons' first significant anti-Spalding polemic under the imposing title The Origin of the

Spaulding Story, Concerning the Manuscript Found, with a Short Biography of Dr. P. Hulbert [sic], the Originator of the Same; and Some Testimony Adduced, Showing it to be a Sheer Fabrication, so far as its Connection with The Book of Mormon is Concerned. ²⁷ Although Winchester refers to himself as a "Minister of the Gospel...

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2
MEMORIES

Hurlburt [sic] is one of the most notorious rascals in the western country. He was first Cut off from our society for an attempt at seduction and crime, and secondly he was laid under bonds in Geauga county, Ohio, for threatening to murder Joseph Smith, Jr.... Now what but falsehood could be expected from such a person?
Parley Parker Pratt (1839) ¹

With Solomon Spalding's Manuscript Story � Conneaut Creek, the Manchester/Palmyra affidavits, and other documents in hand, Doctor Philastus Hurlbut left New York for Ohio, arriving about December 18, 1833. Just before departing, however, he paid a friendly visit to Pomeroy Tucker, editor of the Palmyra (NY) Wayne Sentinel, and left him with this announcement:

The Mormon Mystery Developed

Doct. P. Hurlbert [sic], of Kirtland, Ohio, who has been engaged for some time in different parts of this state, but chiefly in this neighborhood, on behalf of his fellow-townsmen, in the pursuit of facts and information concerning the origin and design of The Book of Mormon... requests us to say, that he has succeeded in accomplishing the object of his mission, and that an authentic history of the whole affair will shortly be given to the public. The original manuscript of the Book was written some thirty years since, by a respectable clergyman, now deceased, whose name we are not permitted to give. It was designed to be published as a romance, but the author died soon after it was written; and hence the plan failed. The

pretended religious character of the work has been superadded by some more modern hand -- believed to be the notorious Rigdon. These particulars have been derived by Dr. Hurlbert from the widow of the author of the original manuscript. ²

In perspective, the most important part of this composition is the final two sentences, which suggest that Doctor Hurlbut had failed to grasp the significance of Sidney Rigdon's role in the Spalding Enigma until after his visit to the widow. Although Rigdon had been publicly suspected as early as 1831 of having been a shady, behind-the-scenes player in the production of The Book of Mormon, by all indications it was the former Mrs. Spalding's testimony that first connected him with the removal of her late husband's manuscript from the Pattersons' shop. In fact, it seems doubtful that Hurlbut even knew Rigdon had roots in the Pittsburgh area until this point. Had he caught on to this extremely important link somewhat earlier, Hurlbut's investigations might have been considerably more fruitful.

In any case, as soon as was feasible, possibly on Friday, December 20, 1833, Doctor Hurlbut laid his findings before the Citizens' Committee. The next day, he held another public lecture, perhaps the one Painesville editor and publisher Eber D. Howe speaks of having attended. ³ It was during this event that Hurlbut allowed himself to become overly exuberant and, in what was soon to prove an extremely unfortunate choice of expressions, made the mistake of threatening to "kill" Joseph Smith. Judge J. C. Dowen testifies:

I heard Dr. P. Hurlbut, who had been a Mormon Preacher, preach a good sermon and then deliver his first lecture in the Methodist Church in Kirtland, Ohio, on the origin of He said he had been in New York and Pennsylvania and had obtained a copy of Spaulding's Manuscript Found. He read selections from it [and] then the same from The Book of Mormon. He said the historical part of it was the same as Spaulding's Manuscript Found. He read numerous affidavits from parties in N. Y. and Penn. showing the disreputable character of the Mormon Smith Family.

Hurlbut [stayed] at my house every three or four days for as many months. I read all of his manuscripts, including Spaulding's Manuscript Found and compared it with The Book of Mormon, the historical part of which is the same as Spaulding's Manuscript Found, which is about the size of the papyrus Jo had with his Egyptian mummies. Hurlbut said he would kill Jo Smith. He meant he would kill Mormonism. The Mormons urged me to issue a writ against him. I did, as recorded in my Docket, Dec. 27, 1833, on complaint of Joseph Smith, warrant returnable to William Holbrook, Esq.,

at Painesville, Ohio. He was brought to trial and over 50 [sic] witnesses were called. The trial lasted several days and he was bound over to appear at the Court of Common Pleas at Chardon. ⁴

Although Judge Dowen says he did not issue his writ against Hurlbut until December 27, the Geauga County court docket indicates Joseph Smith lodged his complaint on December 21, further reinforcing the conclusion that Hurlbut had made his remark about "killing" Smith earlier that same day. ⁵

Unfortunately, Doctor Hurlbut's exuberance at this moment of apparent triumph seems to have spilled over into other areas as well. Although he was unmistakably aware that Solomon Spalding's Manuscript Story -- Conneaut Creek was not the manuscript he had been seeking, others, such as Judge Dowen, who had contact with Hurlbut during this time were at least partially convinced that it was the correct document. While Hurlbut, and subsequently Eber Howe, later did what they could to clarify the issue, a myth had begun, continuing to this day, that Hurlbut did obtain A Manuscript Found from the widow's trunk, and that either he or Howe (or both) surreptitiously sold it to Joseph Smith for a large sum of money, after which Smith destroyed it.

Although several writers over the years, most notably Solomon Spalding's grandniece Ellen E. Dickinson and her contemporary Arthur B. Deming (both essentially anti-Mormons), have espoused this view, and though various members of the Spalding/McKinstry family, including Spalding's daughter Matilda McKinstry, continued to adhere to it for many years thereafter, the evidence actually stacks up against them. ⁶ All things considered, there is but scant reason to believe that Hurlbut got anything except an earlier Spalding composition called Manuscript Story -- Conneaut Creek, and every reason to accept that he knew that the prize had eluded him. By the time he got to that trunk in Hartwick in the fall of 1833, A Manuscript Found had already been lost or misplaced, and so it remains to this day.

Proof that Doctor Hurlbut never had A Manuscript Found in his possession and that he recognized the difference between it and Manuscript Story -- Conneaut Creek lies in the fact that at the end of December 1833, only days after Judge Dowen's writ had been lodged against him, ⁷ Hurlbut returned to Conneaut with Manuscript Story -- Conneaut Creek in hand and showed it to several key witnesses who, upon examination, quickly recognized that it was indeed Spalding's work, but verified that it was definitely not A Manuscript Found. Once again, such is hardly the behavior of one intent upon subterfuge and deceit.

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3
SYNCHRONICITIES

[T]he two leading sects of Mormons have published this first manuscript [Spalding's Manuscript Story � Conneaut Creek] as a refutation of a theory which no one ever advocated, viz. That the manuscript now at Oberlin was the thing from which Smith et al. plagiarized The Book of Mormon.
Theodore Schroeder (1907) ¹

Everyone agrees that when Doctor Philastus Hurlbut returned to Ohio in December 1833, he brought with him at least one manuscript obtained from Mrs. Davison's old hair trunk in Hartwick, New York. This, wrapped in brown paper and tied with a string, bore the title Manuscript Story � Conneaut Creek, and, as we have seen, was clearly not A Manuscript Found for which he had been searching. Ultimately it was turned over to Eber D. Howe, along with Hurlbut's other notes and materials, and became the subject of a brief synopsis in Howe's 1834 book Mormonism Unvailed. Because it was not A Manuscript Found, Hurlbut placed little value upon it and soon misplaced it amidst the clutter of his printing business. When asked many years later, he said he believed it had been destroyed in the Painesville (OH) Telegraph office fire about 1841. ²

In August 1884, however, Lewis L. Rice of Honolulu, Hawaii, one of Eber Howe's successors as editor of the Painesville (OH) Telegraph from about 1838 to 1840, was looking for anti-slavery material in a heap of old papers and documents that he brought from Ohio many years earlier. In this, he accidentally stumbled across Manuscript Story � Conneaut Creek still wrapped in

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4
THE LETTER

Sidney Rigdon never was at Pittsburgh or any other place at the same time as Mr. Spaulding's manuscript was there and therefore he could not have seen or read it.
George Reynolds (1882) ¹

Pro-Mormon historians have traditionally relied upon four arguments in dismissing the Spalding Enigma: (1) that Solomon Spalding wrote only a single novel, Manuscript Story � Conneaut Creek; (2) that Doctor Hurlbut's hateful desire to destroy Joseph Smith and the Church renders his evidence hopelessly biased and unacceptable; (3) that Sidney Rigdon was not in Pittsburgh until 1822 and never had any connections with the print shops there; and (4) that Rigdon's first contact with Joseph Smith took place in late 1830, many months after The Book of Mormon had already been published. Having already dismissed the first two objections, let us now turn our attention to the third.

The Rev. Sidney Rigdon was born February 19, 1793, in what was then the United States' western frontier, the green, rolling hills of southwestern Pennsylvania, near the present town of Library. It is said that he received only the rudiments of education at a small country school not far from his home. ² During this time, young Sidney "was never known to play with the boys; reading books was the greatest pleasure he could get." ³ Possessed of an excellent memory, he could recall "everything he read and in this way laid up a fund of Knowledge that was of great value to him in later years." ⁴ Even Sidney

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5
RED HERRING

I wish my name was buried in oblivion.

Sidney Rigdon to Joseph Smith (ca. June 20, 1831)¹

Of everything written about the Spalding Enigma, the one question that has been generally overlooked is whether A Manuscript Found was of sufficient literary quality to justify publication on its own merit. Judging from the few available samples of Solomon Spalding's work, it would appear that his talents as an author were mediocre at best, which probably explains why Silas Engles and the Pattersons felt justified in asking for "security" before venturing to publish his book. No doubt Joseph Smith met with a similar response when he tried to peddle The Book of Mormon, equally mediocre, to publishers 15 years later. However, unlike Spalding, Smith was able to find someone eager to finance the job.

Solomon Spalding went to Pittsburgh because he had little other choice. Buffalo was not an option because there was a war going on. Printers west of the Allegheny Mountains were few and far between, and Pittsburgh, a thriving river port and trade center founded in 1758 by the French, had several. In such a market, however, even if Spalding had been a writer of outstanding talent, he would have faced an uphill struggle, for the kind of publishing done in that city was of a rather limited nature. Historian Edward Park Anderson provides an interesting insight into the difficulties Spalding must have encountered:

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6
HAT TRICK

"Now," said Jo [Smith],"I have got the damned fools fixed, and will carry out the fun." Notwithstanding, he told me he had no such book, and believed there never was any such book....
Peter Ingersoll (1833) ¹

When one considers Sidney Rigdon's life, he emerges as a complex and mysterious character, a brooding yet visionary individual who appears to have been so dedicated to his own dreams that he thought nothing of appropriating Solomon Spalding's novel, reworking it to reflect his personal beliefs, then using it as a tool to achieve his ultimate goal -- leading an errant and factious Christendom to the glorious restoration of its "ancient order of things." ² Rigdon felt it was his personal mission to bring back the good old days when real, living apostles walked the land, spreading the Word of God and working miracles. Indeed, this bizarre obsession was so sincerely heartfelt that at times Rigdon seems to have actually believed he was a modern saint, chosen by God to walk the land and do His work. Whether it took fraud, deceit, cunningly contrived divine revelations, or just plain old-fashioned showmanship to accomplish the task, it did not matter to Rigdon. As he saw it, the ends inevitably justified his own means, no matter what. If God's plan was being served, only good could come of it; and because he had been predestined (indeed, perhaps even pre-anointed) to be a part of it, his work was clear. He was a voice crying in the wilderness -- a man on God's mission. ³ He could do no other. "Every man is a government of himself, and infringes on no government.

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7
QUESTIONS

The Mormons are composed of two classes, the Deceivers and the Deceived, who are by far the most numerous, and are generally honest, industrious, well-meaning people. Had the newspaper managers of 1830 been as enterprising and thorough in collecting news as they are today, Mormonism would have been very short lived.
Arthur Buel Deming (1888) ¹

Eber Howe had been hard at work on his own book, Mormonism Unvailed, for quite some time before acquiring Doctor Hurlbut's material in January 1834. Rather than push everything aside and start anew, he simply gathered together the most important of these items and added them to his existing text. This explains why Hurlbut's information is confined to the final 60 pages, and why his premature conclusion concerning Sidney Rigdon's role in the Spalding Enigma is given only perfunctory treatment in the closing paragraphs. Although pro-Mormon writers have often asserted that Hurlbut himself wrote the entire book and then sold it to Howe for publication, even a cursory examination of its structure and style exposes this as impossible. ²

The real importance of this unfounded allegation is that it seems to have originated with none other than Joseph Smith himself, who briefly mentioned Mormonism Unvailed while taking his archrival Alexander Campbell to task. According to Smith:

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8
FAMILY PLOT

Why have neither Smith nor his friends given any history of these four years... ? Why does Smith pass over this most interesting portion of his life in silence, or speak of it only in vague generalities? The only possible answer is, he dares not give a minute and detailed history of that period, giving places and dates; for if he should, he fears it would lead to his detection.
Jonathan Baldwin Turner (1842) ¹

As work on this volume progressed, it became evident that no meaningful solution to the Spalding Enigma could be found without first exploring another unsolved mystery -- the early life of the inscrutable Oliver H. P. Cowdery, ² Co-founder and Second Elder of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. ³ Although it is widely acknowledged that Cowdery played a major role in the early history of the Church from the time he moved into Joseph Smith's home in 1828 until his excommunication in Missouri 10 years later, it takes only a single paragraph to summarize what most historians admit to knowing about him before then. "The only reliable information" about Oliver's youth comes from an 1887 statement by Lucy Cowdery Young, one of his younger half-sisters:

Oliver was brought up in Poultney, Rutland county, Vermont, and when he arrived at the age of twenty, he went to the state of New York, where his older brothers were married and settled.... Oliver's occupation was clerking in a store until 1829, when he taught the district school in the town of Manchester. ⁴

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9
THE ELUSIVE OLIVER

Apparently nothing of great consequence happened in his life during
this period -- or at least nothing he found noteworthy.
Phillip R. Legg (1989) ¹

Perhaps most critical to substantiating the events of Oliver Cowdery's early life is demonstrating that he left Vermont in the spring of 1822, and that he went from there to the Smith's home in Palmyra, New York. Fortunately, this is supported by firsthand accounts of two historians, one at each end of the journey.

The first historian is Robert Parks, who, along with Hiland Paul, wrote an extensive history of Wells, Vermont, in the late 1860s. Parks recorded that "We well remember this same Oliver Cowdery when in our boyhood.... He attended school in the District where we reside in 1821 and 1822. He then went to Palmyra, N. Y." ²

The fact that Oliver Cowdery arrived in Palmyra that same spring and was quickly accepted into the Smith family circle is confirmed by Orsamus Turner, a pioneer newspaper editor whose two thick volumes on the history of western New York are still highly regarded by scholars. ³ In the second volume, Turner devoted several pages to what he styled "a brief pioneer history" of Mormonism as set forth from the very personal perspective of one who, as a printer's devil in the Palmyra print shop, had delighted in using ink to "once and a while blacken the face of [Joseph Smith,] the then meddling inquisitive lounger -- but afterwards Prophet." ⁴ Turner's testimony is particularly valuable because of his personal knowledge of the Smith's presence at Palmyra from

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10
THE GOLD BIBLE BUSINESS

I will not be influenced, governed, or controlled in my temporal interests by any ecclesiastical authority or pretended revelation whatever, contrary to my own judgement[.] Such being still my opinion... I only, respectfully, ask leave, therefore, to withdraw from [this] society...
Oliver Cowdery (1838) ¹

If Oliver Cowdery really was William Morgan's mysterious scribe that summer of 1826, he certainly would have come under increasing pressure to disentangle himself before something unpleasant occurred. By August 1, things were getting ugly. Morgan had been arrested in what was only the first of several such harassments, a Masonic boycott of David Miller's newspaper was underway, and serious threats were being openly voiced. As if external strife was not enough, on August 7 a nervous and probably besotted Morgan began writing letters to his partners, accusing them of dishonesty and expressing his wish to settle and have no more to do with [them]." ²

If Oliver was associated with Morgan and Miller at this point, it seems likely he would have been advised by his brother Warren (a Mason) to get away from the situation while he still could, and lay low for a while. That would have meant leaving Genesee County and going somewhere he would have been both welcome and safe. One such haven would have been his father's home at Arcadia, 60 miles to the east -- a place within an afternoon's walk of the Smith's farm at Manchester. And if there is anything to be said about the "pedestrian peddlers" of that era, it is that they were extraordinary walkers.

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11
THE MYSTERIOUS STRANGER

Sidney Rigdon never saw Joseph Smith until December, 1830, the visit being prolonged into January, 1831. These two persons had never been within two or three hundred miles of each other until that period.
Millennial Star (November 1, 1850) ¹

It is impossible to show any contact between Joseph Smith and Sidney Rigdon before The Book of Mormon was published....
Brigham H. Roberts (1909) ²

If Solomon Spalding and Joseph Smith had anything in common, it was that they were both fascinated by ancient Indian burial mounds, arcane legends, old ruins, and the many strange artifacts of an earlier age that were continually discovered as settlers pushed westward. Consider the words of Smith's mother:

In the course of our evening conversations Joseph would give us some of the most ammusing (sic) recitals which could be immagined (sic) he would describe the ancient inhabitants of this continent their dress their manner of traveling the animals which they rode the cities that were built by them the structure of their buildings with every particular of their mode of warfare their religious worship as particularly as though he had spent his life with them. ³

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11
REVELATIONS

I wanted to know how the Book of Mormon came into existence for [my father] owed it to his family to tell all he knew about it and should not go down to his grave with any such grave secrets. He said "My son I will swear before God that what I have told you about the Book of Mormon is true. I did not write or have anything to do with its production and if Joseph Smith ever got that other from which he always told me that an angel appeared and told him where to go to find the plates upon which the Book was engraved in a hill near Palmera Smith guarded his secret well for he never let me know by mood or action that he got them differently and I believe he did find them as he said and that Joe Smith was a Prophet and this world will find it out someday." I was surprised smarting under what he thought was ingratitude of the Church for turning him down and not having been with them for over 25 [sic] years. I must believe he thought he was telling the truth. He was at this time in full possession of his faculties what object had he in concealing the fact any longer if he did write it. My father died in 1876 at the age of 83 a firm believer in the Mormon Church. After my fathers death I told mother what my father had told me about the Book of Mormon. She said your father told you the truth. He did not write it and I know as he could not have written without my knowing it for we were married several years before the Book was published and if he wrote it, it must have been since our marriage."

John W. Rigdon (ca. 1892) ¹

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...the authors believe it is possible to derive only one set of reasonable and logical conclusions from the extensive body of material which has been set forth in the preceding chapters:

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1. Solomon Spalding composed a work of fiction entitled A Manuscript Found and sought to have it published by the Pittsburgh firm of R. & J. Patterson. This work purported to be the translation of an ancient book that had been dug from the earth, in which was recorded the history of a civilization that had once flourished on the American continent but had become all but extinct because of nearly incessant warfare. Spalding died in 1816 after the manuscript for his novel was essentially complete, but before final arrangements could be made for its publication.

2. Sometime between 1814 and 1822, Sidney Rigdon surreptitiously obtained Spalding's manuscript; most likely with the assistance of his young friend Jonathan Harrison Lambdin, who worked in the Pattersons' establishment. Perhaps he undertook to copy portions of it as early as 1814, but upon learning that the Pattersons were looking for it, quietly returned the original. Later, after Spalding's death in 1816, Rigdon managed to get his hands on it again and this time he kept it. Rigdon's continued presence in Pittsburgh for at least two years following Spalding's demise is evident from the fact that he was still receiving mail there in 1818.

3. Over the next dozen years Rigdon spent time reworking the manuscript, probably with some vague hope of eventually getting it published under his own name. In the late summer of 1826 he met Oliver Cowdery in Ohio, and upon learning he was a printer, confided to him that he possessed a certain manuscript of great importance that he hoped to have published.

4. Oliver Cowdery was well aware that the Smiths were his cousins prior to 1822, and for that reason he was quickly assimilated into their family circle upon his arrival in Palmyra that year. Afterward, he had only intermittent contact with them until meeting Rigdon in 1826. Upon becoming convinced that Rigdon possessed the translation of an ancient and valuable historical Record, Oliver undertook to bring Rigdon and Smith together to see what could be done to exploit the situation for mutual benefit. Thus, though merely a coincidence, the fact that Joseph Smith had been seeking a similar Record for several years using occult methods became the unlikely catalyst that not only brought these three conspirators together, but served to stimulate the series of even more unlikely events that followed.

5. In the spring of 1827, Smith and Cowdery contrived to bring Rigdon to New York. There the three of them entered into an elaborate clandestine

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arrangement known locally as the Gold Bible Company that, at first, was only a grand scheme designed to make money by promoting and publishing Spalding's now thoroughly re-worked A Manuscript Found. The plan was to generate public interest, or to "raise the wind," as Eber Howe put it, by claiming to have unearthed an ancient historical Record from a nearby hill and by spreading the word that its translation had been accomplished through miraculous methods. Only later, in the process of taking advantage of circumstances and at the urging of Rigdon, did the idea of founding a new religion enter the picture. Although Rigdon was involved with the entire process and made several trips to New York in connection with it, his involvement was largely secret until very late in the course of events.

6. Once the plan was launched, the conspirators continued to get themselves in deeper and deeper, until there was no going back. Meanwhile, a number of innocent but credulous individuals (the Whitmers, Martin Harris, the Pratts, and the Knights, to name only a few) had been attracted to the scheme in the genuine, if not always innocent, belief that this was truly God's work....

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AFTERWARD

Although the authors have made every effort to present the material in this volume as accurately and completely as possible, it is inevitable in a work of this size that some errors will occur. It is also inevitable that these will be eagerly sought out by critics and offered to the public as proof that the entire work is flawed. No doubt the motives of the authors themselves will also be questioned, based upon the ancient practice of taking the messengers to task when one is unable to digest the message itself. Whichever the case, the reader is urged to consider critical comments about this volume and its authors in a skeptical light and, always taking their source and the motivation behind them into account, to weigh them carefully against the evidence presented herein.

The issue here is not the writers, nor is it the many millions of good, industrious, and productive people for whom faith in Joseph Smith and his church is an ongoing way of life. We are dealing with history here, not religion. Our concern is not dogma, but rather about stitching together past events, and in so doing, making a scholarly effort to place them into a reasonable perspective so they may be better understood by those of us whose lives are several generations removed from the events themselves. Under the best circumstances, reconstructing history is not easy. It becomes vastly more difficult when those who played key roles in important events have actively conspired to conceal the truth from posterity.

Naturally, there will be some who claim that much of this work goes beyond the available documents -- a fatal flaw in historical texts according to some writers (Barbara Tuchman, for example, in Practicing History [New York: Knopf, 1981], 18). While such criticism is no doubt valid under ideal circumstances,

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Appendix 1
A CHRONOLOGY OF JOSEPH SMITH
(1822 - 1830)

Because it is often easy to confuse the sequence of events in Joseph Smith's early life, we offer this chronology for purposes of reference. Generally speaking, the information that follows has been derived from a cross-section of previously published material and should enjoy ready acceptance among scholars and casual readers alike. In those few cases where citations seem necessary, they are offered accordingly.

Abbreviations: JS = Joseph Smith; JSS = Joseph Smith Sr.; OC = Oliver Cowdery; MH = Martin Harris

1822:

January 1: The JSS family is living in a "rude log house" on property owned by Samuel Jennings, located along Stafford Road about two miles south of Main St. and about 50 feet north of the line dividing Palmyra from Farmington (after 1823, Manchester) Township.

Spring-summer: JS is present when Willard Chase finds a stone in a well that is being dug on his property and borrows the stone. Over the space of the next couple of years, JS tells others that by looking into Chase's stone he can see hidden treasure, all things in caves, in and under the earth, and spirits clothed in ancient dress guarding these treasures.

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Appendix 2
“THE DETROIT MANUSCRIPT” ¹

Although media events are usually associated with the modern era, human interest has always been captured by sensational news stories. One such event occurred in 1823, when a person closely associated with the family of Joseph Smith sent noted New York City linguist Dr. Samuel Mitchill a sample of strange writing taken from an apparently ancient book that had been recently dug out of the earth under a house.

It was in March of that year when Col. Abraham Edwards, a prominent Detroit entrepreneur, discovered a deteriorating parchment manuscript written in curious hieroglyphics [2] hidden in the foundation of a house. Almost immediately this discovery became the subject of considerable discussion, resulting in the manuscript being placed on public display at the local newspaper office. As none of the locals were able to read or even to identify the strange text, a few pages were eventually sent to various linguistic experts for examination, one of whom was the renowned Dr. Samuel L. Mitchill.

As the weeks passed and the mystery deepened, details of the affair were covered and copied at length by various newspapers from Michigan eastward throughout Ohio, New York, New England, and even Canada. Eventually, it was recognized that the manuscript was a Roman Catholic religious text, which had apparently originated in Ireland and was partly written in some form of early shorthand dating to perhaps the sixteenth century.

Ultimately, it was decided that the old text had probably been brought to the area by Catholic monks sent to evangelize the local Indians in the early eighteenth century. As one would expect, most of the curiosity surrounding

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Appendix 3
“HOW TO MAKE AN ANGEL,
& OTHER MIRACLES”

TWO LETTERS OF JESSE J. MOSS

I have had several interviews with Messrs. Smith, Rigdon and Cowdery, and the various shifts and turns, to which they resorted, in order to obviate objections and difficulties, produced in my mind additional evidence, that their's is nothing else than a deeply laid plan of craft and deception.

Ex-LDS Elder Ezra Booth ¹

Jesse J. Moss (b. Onondaga, New York, July 13, 1806; d. Ohio, ca. 1882) was one of Sidney Rigdon's early followers in Ohio, and is regarded by Disciples of Christ historians as "the first man to raise a testimony against Mormonism." ² Considerably more detail about Moss's experiences with the Mormons around Kirtland can be found in his Autobiography of a Pioneer Preacher (M. M. Moss, ed.) as serialized in Christian Standard magazine, issues for December 1937 and ff.

The following letters from Rev. Moss were written to James T. Cobb (1834-ca. 1900), an anti-Mormon newsman for the then non-Mormon Salt Lake City Tribune, who had initiated correspondence with a number of key people in an endeavor to reopen the Spalding case.

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Appendix 4
THE LETTER OF JUDGE JOEL KING NOBLE
(1842)

In the early summer of 1830, while Joseph Smith was staying at the home of his friend Joseph Knight in Chenango County, N. Y., Dr. Benton, a relative of Josiah Stowell (see text), swore out a warrant against Joseph as a disorderly person for pretending to see treasure underground. When the officers came to arrest Smith, Knight asked him if he wanted counsel, to which Smith replied in the affirmative. Knight then hired lawyers James Davidson and John Reed [or Reid] to defend him. The next morning, Smith was brought before justice Joel Chamberlain of South Bainbridge, N. Y., who dismissed the case on a technicality (Statute of limits) after an all-day trial. Upon leaving the court, Smith was immediately re-arrested on a warrant for similar charges from neighboring Broome County, and taken to Colesville where he was tried again. This time, according to the judge who heard the case, he was found guilty and then let off with a reprimand. Joseph Knight covered the lawyers' fees for both trials.

Judge Joel King Noble, who presided over that second trial, recalled some of the circumstances surrounding that event in an 1842 letter written in reply to an inquiry from Jonathan Baldwin Turner, historian and professor at Illinois College, Jacksonville, Ill. From the text of his letter, Judge Noble appears quite certain that Joseph Smith was not the originator of The Book of Mormon, but rather attributes its origin to "2 other individuals" he declines to name, but

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Appendix 5
THE CEPHAS DODD HOAX
AND OTHER FABRICATIONS

A number of books about the Spalding Enigma published after the turn of the twentieth century have either included or made reference to an item purporting to be an inscription written on the inside front cover of an 1830 edition of The Book of Mormon by the Rev. Dr. Cephas Dodd, MD (1789-1858), of Amity, Pa. As the story goes, Dr. Dodd, who had been a friend and neighbor of the Spaldings, as well as their minister and physician, had obtained a copy of The Book of Mormon in mid-1831 during the time when the Mormons were busily establishing their settlement at Kirtland and becoming controversial throughout eastern Ohio and western Pennsylvania. Upon reading it, he is said to have inscribed the book in the following manner:

This work, I am convinced by facts related to me by my deceased patient, Solomon Spaulding, has been made from the writings of Spaulding, probably by Sidney Rigdon, who was suspicioned by Spaulding with purloining his manuscript from the publishing house to which he had taken it; and I am prepared to testify that Spaulding told me that his work was entitled, "The Manuscript Found in the Wilds of Mormon; or Unearthed Records of the Nephites." From his description of its contents, I fully believe that this Book of Mormon is mainly and wickedly copied from it.
Cephas Dodd
June 5, 1831

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Among the generally authoritative works that have credited this item are Charles Shook, True Origin of The Book of Mormon (Cincinnati: Standard, 1911); Dr. W. L. Dodd, Early History of Amity, Pa. 1770-1870, [1] published privately in 1940, but since then freely copied by a number of general reference sources; and Davis, Cowdery, and Scales, Who Really Wrote the Book of Mormon? (Santa Ana, Calif.: Vision House, 1977).

However, the problem is that no one appears to have ever seen the original item, and despite the fact that Dr. Dodd's name has been connected with the Spalding Enigma since at least the 1850s, no nineteenth-century account of this alleged inscription has yet been discovered. Rev. Robert Patterson Jr., who should have uncovered it during his several years of research, makes no mention of it in his 1882 work; nor can it be found in any other work published prior to 1900.

A vague reference in Braden-Kelley that speaks of a statement made by Dodd "years before Howe's book appeared" [2] almost certainly derives from Robert Patterson Jr.'s interview with George M. French in 1882 (see chapter 4) as opposed to any Dodd/Book of Mormon inscription, which, had Braden been aware of one, would certainly have been introduced by him with considerable fanfare.

In addition, a number of researchers and several members of the Dodd family have made diligent but fruitless efforts over the years to locate the volume in question, along with an alleged but as yet undiscovered personal diary of Dr. Dodd's that is said to have covered the Spalding years. [3]

Because the earliest mention of this supposed inscription roughly coincides with that of two other equally suspicious items -- the first a document purportedly relating to Oliver Cowdery known as the "Overstreet Confession," and the second a pamphlet allegedly by Cowdery entitled "Defence in a Rehearsal of my Grounds for Separating Myself from the LDS" -- it is not unreasonable to speculate that all of these may have derived from the same source. [4]

Also of suspicious origin, and thus probably spurious as well, are three 1881 letters purportedly written to historian Thomas Gregg -- two of them from a Mrs. Adeline M. Fuller Bernard who is said to have been Oliver Cowdery's adopted daughter; and a third (possibly genuine in part, but with apparent interpolations) from Judge William Lang who was Oliver's law partner in Tiffin, Ohio.

The text of the only unquestionably authentic letter of Dr. Dodd's relating to the Spalding Enigma (written on March 2, 1857) appears [below]

[inserted 2005, by transcriber]

Amity, March 2nd 1857
Col. T. Ringland.
Dear Sir,

It has been some time since I received your letter, but owing to bad health, and other circumstances, I have not been able to reply until now. I have no knowledge on the subject which would be of any avail. Solomon Spaulding came to Amity with his wife and a little daughter about A. D. 1814 as nearly as I can recollect. He was accompanied by a certain Robert Collins who was a batchelor * and from some of the Eastern States. They had little property and rented a tavern stand and kept a public house. After some months Collins left for parts unknown.

Mr. and Mrs. Spaulding usually attended Church one part of the day. I understood from him that he had formerly lived at Cherry Valley in the State of New York, where he had met with some losses and had then removed to Western Reserve where he had erected Iron works & failed. Being one day in Amity, I noticed that Redick McKee (then a lad and employed in keeping store for Mr. Jelly) was reading Virgil. On enquiring who was his teacher, he said "Mr. Spaulding." So it appeared that he had some knowledge of Latin. He afterwards read to me at different times some short pieces which he proposed to send for publication to the County newspaper but I believe none of them if sent were ever published.

With me he always seemed shy and reserved about his former history. Understanding that he had lived [at Cherry Valley] I endeavoured to draw him out by enquiring about Rev. Dr. Nott. He only said that Dr. Nott had used him very ill. I think it was in Oct 1816 that Dysentery was prevailing and I attended Redick McKee who boarded with Mr. S. Calling one day, found Mr. S. quite ill and advised him to take some medicine but he preferred taking his own way. After an absence of a few days I was called to see him. He sometimes took my prescriptions and sometimes his own or Mrs. Spaulding's -- under which treatment the disease was protracted and terminated in his death. When he appeared to be sinking under his disease I endeavoured to converse closely with him, but there was the same reserve as to any disclosure of his manner of life. Some time after his death an old Yankee man by the name of Hubbel who went about selling wooden bowls told me that he had known him in the state of New York and had often heard him preach and also called him "Esquire Spaulding." It is probable that he was a Congregationalist -- and it is likely not ordained -- that denomination only gives licenses which expire by their own limitation as to time; so that there is no evidence of his being deposed for immorality.

The few scraps of writing above mentioned were all that I knew anything about, till some years after his death when the Mormons took their rise. Having received a letter of enquiry on the subject from some person in the State of Ohio, I found that Mr. S had been more communicative to some other persons and that Messrs John Thomson and J. Van Seaman had read his novel or some parts of it. Seaman was then dead. I enquired of Mr. Thomson. He could [not] give much account of it -- but said that he remembered the names of Neri and Lehi which he understood were used in the Mormon Bible. I was referred to Miss Sarah Thomson (now Mrs. Day). She had read some of his writings, but not the one in question.

I have understood that Mr. S. had submitted his manuscript to Revd. R. Patterson of Pittsburg [who] was connected in a printing office & Bookstore with a view of having it published -- and of course that must have been before he came to Amity as he still had it here. Mrs. S. went after his death to N. York State and I suppose carried the M. S. with her; and that being the neighborhood where Joe Smith resided -- it by some means fell into his hands. Such I think has been the impression of Mrs. S. though she knows not how he obtained it.

You will thus perceive that I have no personal knowledge that would have any bearing on the subject as I have never seen either the Manuscript or the Mormon bible. My impression however is that is of little consequence. I have no doubt that Spaulding's novel was used by Joe Smith. But it was only used as a kind of substratum and did not contain anything of the essence of the Mormon faith -- All that is contained in pretended revelations made to him and his successors, and added afterwards.

I do not suppose that any testimony that could be offered in this case would convince a Mormon of his error and Congress will not undertake to decide as to the truth or falsehood of any religion. Nor does it belong within their province.

Respectfully Yours,
Cephas Dodd

___________
* He so represented himself but it was reported that he had left a wife in New England."

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Appendix 6
A CHRONOLOGY OF COWDERY FAMILY
MIGRATIONS TO VERMONT, NEW YORK,
AND OHIO (1785 - 1830)

After considerable research, it seems reasonably certain that the man identified as Jerry Coudry or Cowdry, who purchased land in Genesee County, N. Y. from the Holland Land Company in 1804-05, was Oliver Cowdery's granduncle, Dr. Jacob N[athaniel?] Cowdery (1743-1820), ¹ of Hartland, Conn. -- the same man who transferred deeds at Canandaigua in 1791 (see n. 4) and 1796, and whose youngest son, John Cowdrey, was born there on June 1, 1794.

Although Mehling says Jacob was known as Major Cowdery because of his service in the Revolutionary War, a search of military records from 1756 through 1815 has failed to turn up any reference to service by Jacob Sr., though his son, Jacob Jr. (1762-1846), did serve briefly in Connecticut (DAR Patriot Index, Centennial Ed., Part I). Given what we now know about Jacob and his wanderlust, ² and recalling that he would have been 32 when the American Revolution began and 40 when it ended, we are more inclined to accept that he could have acted as a civilian guide for some frontier military expedition, or was perhaps an officer in an obscure local militia (perhaps in Ohio) during the early campaigns against the Indians. On the other hand, maybe Major was merely a harmless affectation, something akin to being a Colonel in Kentucky.

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Appendix 7
FACTS AND STATISTICS
REGARDING TRAVEL IN THE EARLY
NINETEENTH CENTURY

JOSEPH SMITH'S DIARY ENTRIES: MARCH 3-28, 1834

If, as has been set forth in chapter 11, Sidney Rigdon made several trips to the Palmyra-Manchester area of New York to meet with Joseph Smith and Oliver Cowdery prior to the publication of The Book of Mormon in March 1830, then it is of interest to know what sort of travel arrangements would have been available to him in addition to his own horse and buggy. The shortest distance between Rigdon's home at Mentor, Ohio, and the Smith's farm at Manchester was, at the time, about 260 miles.

One answer to this question can be found in Joseph Smith's Diary: 1832-1834 (original in LDS Church Archives), entries dated March 3-28, 1834. During this period, Smith undertook what appears to have been a leisurely missionary trip from Kirtland, Ohio, to Livonia, N. Y., and back again, on horseback, allowing considerable time along the way to preach and to meet with various brethren.

By way of reference, Livonia lies just over 30 miles -- or one additional day's travel each way -- from Manchester, where Joseph Smith was living from 1826-1829, when Rigdon is alleged to have visited him.

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NOTES

FOREWORD

1. George Mather is pastor of Our Savior's Lutheran Church in St. George, Utah. He is a noted authority on religion and the occult, and co-author of several books, including The Dictionary of Cults, Sects, Religions, and the Occult (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1993).

2. "Statistical Report, 2000," Ensign (May 2001): 22.

3. Milton R. Hunter, The Gospel of the Ages (Salt Lake City: Deseret, 1958), 115.

4. James E. Talmage, Articles of Faith, rev. ed. (Salt Lake City: Deseret, 1984), 480.

PREFACE

1. Dale R. Broadhurst is a retired academic researcher living in Hawaii. He is the web-host for www.solomonspalding.com, and has written numerous scholarly papers on the topic of the Spalding authorship claims for The Book of Mormon.

2. Robert D. Foster, "A Testimony of the Past," letter to Saints' Herald 22, no. 8 (15 April 1875): 228.

3. Foster, "A Testimony of the Past," 228.

4. Foster, "A Testimony of the Past," 228.

5. Foster, "A Testimony of the Past," 227.

6. Foster, "A Testimony of the Past," 228.

7. Foster, "A Testimony of the Past," 229.

8. Fawn M. Brodie, No Man Knows My History: The Life of Joseph Smith (New York: Alfred Knopf, 1945).

INTRODUCTION

1. James Harrison Kennedy, Early Days of Mormonism (New York: Charles Scribners & Sons, 1888), 265.

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Transcriber's Comments
(updated Aug. 11, 2005)

WRWTBoM: The Spalding Enigma -- 2005 CPH Edition
A modern, detailed presentation of the Solomon Spalding claims for Book of Mormon authorship has long been absent from the bookshelves of those who study and write Mormon history. The lack of such a volume can be traced both to a general disinterest among most students of early Mormonism, and to a less justifiable disinterest exhibited by the overwhelming majority of those researchers and historians who possess the knowledge, experience and skills necessary to compile the missing volume. The topic was last addressed in any significant manner by LDS writers in the fall of 1977, when Lester E. Bush, Jr. and Charles C. Whittier each published an article on Spalding in Dialogue -- neither of which added much new information to the body of knowledge previously compiled by other writers. Likewise, the subsequent polemical publications of Robert and Rosemary Brown and the more reputable editorial work offered by Kent P. Jackson provide the modern reader with little more than a re-hash of time-worn Mormon apologetics, and have made few significant contributions to the subject (last addressed with commendable ingenuity by Vernal Holley during the 1980s).

Given the fact that the Solomon Spalding authorship claims for the Book of Mormon have been much discussed in various web-based communications and in other contemporary, unpublished (or privately circulated) writings, it would seem that the time is over-ripe for the compilation and hard-copy publication of a great deal of "new" information on the old "Spalding theory." So it was, that when the "Spalding Enigma" surfaced (as a pre-publication, review text) in 2000, the way seemed to be opening for something like a definitive report upon Solomon Spalding, his writings, and the old assertion that he made a significant (though inadvertant), contribution to the Book of Mormon text. With the passing of five years for critique, new input, and re-writing, the readers of 2005 might be forgiven for expecting to see the combined efforts of the "Spalding Research Associates" of southren California emerge as a sterling presentation, encapsulating and demonstrating the Spalding authorship claims in a succinct and scholarly manner. Indeed, their 2005 "Enigma" book bears evidence of a great deal of studied research and contains much reporting that is truly commendable. The 2005 edition of Who Really Wrote the Book of Mormon: The Spalding Enigma, can be recommended to fill the empty spot on the historians' bookshelves on the basis of its compiled source material, no matter what readers might think of the authors' various conclusions. Whether or not it can be recommended as the best possible review and discussion of Spalding's writings (and their alleged use in the creation of the Book of Mormon), is quite a different matter, however.

Even if certain roots of Mormonism can be traced to Solomon Spalding, the 2005 "Enigma" book is not a particularly good introduction to the topic of Mormon origins. For the beginner, who is just contemplating this field of inquiry for the first time, the authors' shorter and much more concise 1977 volume may provide a better picture of what the Solomon Spalding authorship claims for the Book of Mormon are all about. At least in their first book the Spalding Research Associates managed to quickly and lucidly demonstrate why Spalding's writings were ever purportedly associated with the birth of Mormonism, in the first place. That much having been admitted, their earlier account cannot be well recommended to serious students of the subject either: mainly so because of some fatal problems inherent in its message -- the chief of which was the "red herring" (perhaps "wild goose chase" is a better term) of the authors' quest to prove that the LDS leadership still preserves, within its labyrinthine archives in Salt Lake City, several pages from Spalding's original "Manuscript Found." That strange assertion was effectively countered in 1977 by their rival, anti-Mormon crusader Jerald Tanner.

Obviously still smarting from the public embarrassment of having failed in their previous holographic scavenger hunt, the authors of the 1977 book (or, at least those two who have remained as members of the current 3 or 4 man "Spalding Research Associates), have tried very hard to provide reputable documentation for their far less zealous 21st century Spalding authorship assertions. The result is a fascinating, though bulky, disjointed pile of pages that will not match the productions of writers like Fawn M. Brodie, Andrew F. Smith, or even Newell and Avery, in holding reader's attention and comprehension, while simultaneously delivering up massive reconstructions of past Mormon experience. In fairness, however, it must be conceded that Enigma was never intended to be an intriguing biographical work and, that as narrative, it does manage to hold its own, when compared with previous reference offerings, such as History of the Church or Rev. Clark Braden's section in the old Braden-Kelley Debate. In their ponderous effort to not again be embarrassed with the serving up of half-baked, wholly improbable concoctions, ala 1977, Messieurs. Cowdrey, Davis and Vanick have loaded their present volume with a tremendous amount of old testimony, affidavits, certificates, statements, and such. For the bibliographer of obscure sources relating to Mormon origins, it may prove to be a gold mine of sorts -- but, alas, it provides no compiled bibliography of its own (nor any index, for that matter.)

Picture this --

If the book's basic premise can be accepted, of course it little matters whether its prosaic ruminations are sufficiently spiced to please the discriminating palettes of modern readers. If Solomon Spalding really did pen a substantial segment of the Nephite Record, then a systematic documentation of that supposed fact is paramount -- other writers may follow in the tracks of these "enigmatic" pioneers and eventually clear away the literary underbrush that still obscures even the most imaginative historian's fragmented vision of the Spalding authorship claims. Discernment, like beauty, lies in the eye of the beholder. Brodie dismissed the sort of evidence the Enigmaites have stacked up, by saying: "Through the years the 'Spaulding theory' collected supporting affidavits as a ship does barnacles, until it became so laden with evidence that the casual reader was overwhelmed by the sheer magnitude of the accumulation...." Well then, the Enigma authors appear to have discovered a good many more "barnacles" to add to this overwhelming collection. The "casual readers" may be excused if they decide to put Enigma back upon the shelf, after thumbing through a couple hundred of its weighty pages. At the same time, it can be truthfully stated that the authors of this book have made a valiant attempt to sort out their many stacks of documents. They have probably done about as good a job as can now be done, of collecting, categorizing and linking together all the hundreds of pieces to what may yet prove to be a most interesting jigsaw picture.

Whether or not a comprehensive, coherent image of historical events can be constructed from all of these pieces of evidence, here finally assembled between two covers, depends very much upon the vantage point taken by the would-be viewer. To a critic like Elder Wade Englund, who sees little value in piling up ever greater theoretical edifices, composed of "Selective, Tampered, Confabulated, Conflicting, Contrary, and Absurd Evidence," all the contents of the 2005 version of Enigma may form themselves into nothing more significant than an even greater accumulation of the same old "barnacles" that overwhelmed Mrs. Brodie. From their own perspective, the authors see highly suggestive and potentially significant relationships beginning to emerge from the mix, however. And perhaps they are correct in some of their conclusions. Whether or not the experienced student of Mormon history accepts the Spalding authorship claims laid out in Enigma as truly tenable, that same reader must admit that the authors have pulled loose many old threads from the generally accepted fabric of Saintly beginnings in New York, Pennsylvania and Ohio. A number of these loose threads (if carefully followed up by objective investigation) may yet lead to important historical discoveries.

How to get from There to Here

As already noted, there is no denying that the "Spalding Research Associates" have put a great deal of work into their 2005 book. While its contents do not constitute a definitive review and report for the "Spalding theory," the collected documentation and analysis offered in Enigma will no doubt long represent the only substantial publication on the subject easily available to interested readers. As such, this thick volume stands in a unique place, among the hundreds of contemporary books and articles offered as explanations of the Mormon past. It will find its spot in various institutional libraries and thus promulgate its message to future generations -- if they care to look between the book's covers. One such copy has already made its way to the public library in Conneaut, Ohio and has attracted a bit of local interest. Writing in the N. E. Ohio weekly Gazette Newspapers for Aug. 31, 2005, reviewer Richard Donley remarks, that "There is, in fact, nothing new to this [authorship] theory, which has been fiercely argued since the Book of Mormon first saw the light of day... [the 2005 book] thoroughly -- even exhaustively -- pursues all the by-ways and tributaries of this historical investigation, quoting and footnoting an amazing number of early statements, testimonies, and publications... Despite this, the authors still find it necessary to make a number of assumptions regarding the movements, accomplishments and motivations of Joseph Smith, his family and collaborators, and his opponents and skeptics."

Unfortunately, the Enigma authors have not quite managed, in all their research and writing, to move the spotlight of history away from the captivating figure of Joseph Smith. The authors present a commendable amount of detail concerning Oliver Cowdery and Sidney Rigdon, but fail to firmly establish these characters as comprehendable, motivated "collaborators" in a conspiracy to produce the Book of Mormon. Any substantial future extension of the Enigma topic must fill in this problematic gap. Before many modern readers will begin to believe that Cowdery and Rigdon served as such "collaborators," those same readers must first begin to understand why this was so. Only then, with the middlemen well delineated, can the would-be students of this Enigma make much headway in linking the writings of Solomon Spalding to the LDS scriptures.

There is a second field of endeavor, in which the Enigma authors have harvested but little fruit, and it marks a second problematic gap for Spalding theory enthusiasts. During the mid 1880s, both the LDS and RLDS churches delighted in rushing into print their respective editions of the Spalding "Roman Story" recovered in Honolulu in 1884 by Lewis L. Rice and James H. Fairchild. Fairchild's initial remarks on this unique discovery related his belief that the manuscript he brought from Oahu to Oberlin was indeed the "one and only" pseudo-historical story so long conjectured as having formed the basis for the Book of Mormon. With the passing of time both Rice and Fairchild backed away from their first, hasty identifications of this "Roman Story." However, the Latter Day Saints spread the message far and wide, saying that Spalding only wrote one fictional story in his lifetime; that this story had at last been found; that the story in question bears no substantial resemblance to the Book of Mormon; and thus the entire argument for a Spalding origin of the Nephite Record is entirely exploded.

By the mid 20th century, the LDS promulgated Fairchild remarks were fast replacing the Spalding authorship claims in most scholarly works examining Mormon beginnings. A typical set of comments in this regard can be found in the pages of the 1948 edition of the Encyclopedia Americana, which offers these words in its article on "The Book of Mormon": "Among the many assumptions advanced in purported explanation of the origin of the Book of Mormon and in hostile denunciation of Joseph Smith's avowal, the most generally known is the Spaulding story. This represented the Book of Mormon as an adapted version of a romance written by Solomon Spaulding, a clergyman of Amity, Pa. The claim has been thoroughly disproved. The original manuscript of the Spaulding romance is preserved in the library of Oberlin College, Ohio, where it was deposited by the president of that institution, James W. Fairchild, who published an attestation of its genuineness and a statement to the effect that no assumption of its relationship to the 'Book of Mormon' is tenable."

It little matters whether the encyclopedia editors derived their information from an LDS-supplied reference, or whether they stumbled upon Fairchild via Fawn Brodie's book, or some other published source. What does matter, is that the disproved Fairchild explanation continues to haunt the bibliographies of writers on Mormon origins, right down to the beginning of the 21st century. Before many modern readers will begin to believe that Solomon Spalding could have furnished textual material for the Book of Mormon, those same readers must first begin to understand why the Oberlin "Roman Story" was never claimed as the source of that text -- and why it is not the only story Spalding ever wrote. The Enigma authors provide some initial attempts in the accomplishment of this very necessary task, but they have not explained the genesis of Faithchild's problematic contribution, nor why he was wrong in practically all of his initial conclusions.

If the Spalding Enigma is to serve any better purpose than gathering dust in the Conneaut public library, then modern scholars must begin to use its contents as a resource in fleshing out the personalities and probable motivations of Cowdery and Rigdon. Some link must be established between Rigdon's unusual pre-1831 theology, the Book of Mormon text, and the Rigdon-Smith re-write of the English Bible. Vast as this 2005 resource may be, it probably can serve only as a starting-point for the necessary scholorship. The same can be said in the daunting task that lies ahead of any historian who seeks to turn over useful new material for the encyclopedia editors. It may take a decade of reputable reporting in peer reviewed historical journals -- fully explicating the Spalding claims -- before the first notable reference book drops the Fairchild legacy and re-introduces Solomon Spalding to its section on Mormonism. Can the Spalding Enigma open the way for new "light and truth?" Maybe.

The Nitty Gritty

On pages 30-32 the authors list four ripe old objections to the Spalding claims (or "theory," as they call it) voiced by LDS defenders of the faith going back as far as the late 1830s. The "usual suspects" in this regard are: (1) Sidney Rigdon was not connected with any print shop in Pittsburgh -- in fact he never even lived there until six years after Spalding's death -- thus, he had no knowledge of, or contact with, Spaldings writings when they were available for inspection in that place. (2) The Spalding theory began as a huge exaggeration and willful deception concocted by D. P. Hurlbut from practically nonexistent evidence. And nearly all subsequent testimony collected by others, in support of his initial assertions, must be rejected due to its obvious anti-Mormon bias. (3) There is no reason to believe that Joseph Smith and Sidney Rigdon could have met or known each other prior late 1830 -- long after the Book of Mormon had been published -- thus ruling out Rigdon's providing Smith with any text for that book. And lastly, (4) the only manuscript story ever written by Solomon Spalding has been well examined and shows "no similarities whatsoever" with the text published in the Book of Mormon. For the next 320 pages of Enigma the authors attempt to produce evidence to refute these four objections; which they accomplish, more or less, by the time the get around to listing their "conclusions" on pages 356-358:

1. Solomon Spalding composed a work of fiction entitled A Manuscript Found and sought to have it published by the Pittsburgh firm of R. & J. Patterson. This work purported to be... the history of a civilization that had once flourished on the American continent but... [became] extinct.... Spalding died in 1816 after the manuscript for his novel was essentially complete, but before final arrangements could be made for its publication.

2. Sometime between 1814 and 1822, Sidney Rigdon surreptitiously obtained Spalding's manuscript... Rigdon's continued presence in Pittsburgh... is evident from the fact that he... [received] mail there...

3. Over the next dozen years Rigdon spent time reworking the manuscript... In the late summer of 1826 he met Oliver Cowdery in Ohio... [and] confided to him that he possessed a certain manuscript of great importance...

4. Oliver Cowdery... becoming convinced that Rigdon possessed the translation of an ancient and valuable historical Record... [brought] Rigdon and [his cousin Joseph] Smith together... for mutual benefit.... [because] Joseph Smith had been seeking a similar Record for several years... [this brought] these three conspirators together...

5. In the spring of 1827, Smith and Cowdery contrived to bring Rigdon to New York. There the three of them entered into an elaborate clandestine arrangement... to make money by promoting and publishing Spalding's now thoroughly re-worked A Manuscript Found... Only later... at the urging of Rigdon, did the idea of founding a new religion enter the picture. Although Rigdon was involved with the entire process and made several trips to New York in connection with it, his involvement was largely secret...

6. ... a number of innocent but credulous individuals (the Whitmers, Martin Harris, the Pratts, and the Knights, to name only a few) had been attracted to the scheme in the... belief that this was truly God's work....

Solomon Spalding
(1761 � 1816)
In moving from Point A to Point B � that is, from pages 30-32 to pages 356-358 � the Enigma authors manage to lead their readers through an amazingly lengthy and complex compilation of what they feel is generally reliable historical evidence. Without providing much insight as to the method used in verifying all of these sources, Messieurs. Cowdrey, Davis and Vanick string all of their fragments of information into what may (or may not) be a reasonably accurate reconstruction of a hitherto unrecognized nexus for Mormon origins. Since they often rely upon single sources, not well confirmed by other, independent sources, their chain of evidence is only as strong as its weakest link. And some of the links offered to the reader seem to be very weak indeed. Instead of establishing one, long train of solid evidence, the Enigma authors have instead attempted to join together a number of shorter segments, with links that may not be much more substantial than the writers' own collective imagination. The law of averages seems to indicate that future researchers and reporters will conclusively do away with at least a few of these imagined connections. The question that necessarily follows is: Can the authors' remaining strands of evidence be verified and re-united into a new, and more substantial chain -- amounting to proof in the eyes of some beholders? Or, will their truly significant fragments of history remain forever just that, fragments that make up nothing like a full explanation for the Book of Mormon and Latter Day Saint origins?

The Cowdery genealogical section of the book, along with various historical tidbits relating to the family, is a valuable source of information, much of which is not elsewhere available. Positioned as it is, in the midst of the more or less chronological developemnt of the Spalding authorship claims, all of this Cowdery material may be rather tedious stuff for many a reader. Had the authors first published that material as a seperate volume, they might have established a favorable reputation for themselves, quite apart from the Mormon origins subject. They might then have selectively quoted the genealogical data in this current volume, without having to dump it all before readers more interested in Mormon history than in family history. It would not come as much of a surprise if some genealogical libraries excerpt the Cowdery material from the book and place that extract on their shelves as a stand-alone booklet.

The Enigma authors are almost certainly correct in some of their key assertions. The Spalding claims arose well before D. P. Hurlbut came upon the scene and were further substantiated by various persons totally unconnected with him for years after he disappeared from the picture. Solomon Spalding wrote other works of fiction than his single extant manuscript novel, now on file at Oberlin College. That particular manuscript cannot be the one he submitted for publication while he lived in and around Pittsburgh during 1812-16. Sidney Rigdon had close relatives living practically next door to Spalding, in Amity, Pennsylvania and the Spalding family's assertion, that Solomon Spalding had at least a slight aquaintance with Rigdon, are not at all improbable. Sidney Rigdon learned the tanning trade somewhere near Pittsburgh in his younger days and he very likely developed business ties with that town's bookbinders at an early date. Sidney Rigdon lived relatively close to Oliver Cowdery's brother, in Ohio, a few years before Sidney and Oliver joined the Mormons. Given Rigdon's well known history of secret manipulations, religious pretensions, and outright lies, his word cannot be depended upon, even if documnetary proof is uncovered in which he swears he did not know Oliver Cowdery or Joseph Smith, Jr. during the 1820s. In these, and in several related instances, the Enigma authors have "got it right," and even dedicated LDS defenders of the faith would do well to admit as much.

Many of the sources put forth in Enigma for the reader's inspection will be new items to most students of Mormon history. Among them is a truly remarkable draft letter, written at the end of 1833 -- seemingly by one of D. P. Hurlbut's key witnesses. The document is no doubt a very significant one; but what exactly does it signify? To the Mormon polemicist and the natural skeptic, the most significant thing about this important discovery may simply be the fact that its handwriting is almost certainly that of the already deeply suspect Hurlbut himself.

In another instance, the authors have uncovered postal letter lists published in old Pittsburgh newspapers, showing that letters were sent to the post office there, both for Solomon Spalding and for Sidney Rigdon, well before Rigdon's 1822-26 known residence in that city. Since the letters so listed were unclaimed mail, future LDS defenders may attempt to argue that this only shows that some correspondent of Rigdon's made the mistake of sending letters to him at a post office he probably never visited. However, in this case, there may well be enough supplementary documentation available to show that Sidney Rigdon actually did frequent that city (then a small town within walking distance of his father's farm) in his younger days -- at the very time Solomon Spalding was attempting to get his manuscripts published there. If so, then future investigations may turn up evidence of just when Rigdon visited Pittsburgh and for what purposes. It is not improbable that, sooner or later, substantial documentary evidence will be uncovered linking the young Rigdon with early Pittsburgh residents Silas Engles and/or J. Harrison Lambdin, both of whom had access to some of Spalding's writings prior to the would-be writer's death in 1816. Such likely evidence is a potential thorn in the side of Rigdon's modern saintly defenders, and it should not be passed over too lightly.

Along with their presentation of evidence (and much speculation) concerning the multi-faceted Spalding authorship claims, the Enigma authors raise a number of important questions for the professors of traditional Mormon history. Such as, Where was Oliver Cowdery in 1822-28, and what was he doing? This erstwhile Mormon witness and LDS leader was eventually expelled from the Church for a number of alleged sins, including counterfeiting. Just when did Oliver first take up that clandestine vocation, and during which part of his largely untold career is he trustworthy as having been an honest witness? A related set of questions center about the 1826 disappearance of William Morgan, the anti-Masonic "martyr." Since Joseph Smith, Jr. later took Morgan's widow for a plural wife, it is not unreasonable to ask when it was that Smith first met that lady, and whether he (and Oliver as well) were well acquainted with her late husband.

Then again, the careful reader, while reading this book, might come up with a lengthy list of questions addressed to the Enigmaite writers -- such as: "What, exactly, was young Rigdon's motive for purloining a copy of Mr. Spalding's manuscript, keeping that text, and re-writing it over a period of years?" If he truly accomplished this (well before the 1830 publication of the first Mormon scriptures), his literary product probably would not have been publishable as a novel. The alleged Rigdon additions to a Spalding pseudo-history of the Israelite Lost Tribes in ancient America were of a deeply spiritual or theological nature, and so unique as to have been suitable only for scriptural use within a new religious body. What would have prompted Sidney Rigdon to begin making such additions to Spalding's writings in the first place; and why would he have subsequently entrusted such a painstakingly compiled creation into the hands of the reportedly disreputable Joseph Smith, Jr.? No "Spalding theory" advocate has ever answered such questions very well, including William H. Whitsitt, Clark Braden, Bryan Ready, and others who have dug deeply into the Book of Mormon, looking for specimens of 1820s Campbellite and Rigdonite theology. The Enigma authors demonstrate no more than a passing knowledge of Mormon scriptures and theology, so they may perhaps be excused from answering such specialized queries. So long as these kinds of questions remain unanswered, however, the "enigma" those authors attempt to ellucidate remains largely unsolved -- and perhaps unsolvable.

Pesky Little Details

In the "Afterward" to their book the authors state: "it is inevitable in a work of this size that some errors will occur." No doubt that is true; at least a brief perusal of their volume turns up numerous spots in the text where the reader might well wonder if something has not gone awry. Had the book been edited and proofread by historians experienced in the Mormon past (and in latter day "scripture"), many of these pesky little misstatements might have been caught, ere they ever went through the press. Although it is best to "condemn not" these "mistakes of men," the serious student of Enigma and of the Spalding authorship claims in general, deserves to have the textual errors and oddities listed and described some place or another -- and this web-page is probably as good a place as any.

Therefore, in the interest of straightening the tangle of the "Spalding theory" as much as time and current resources allow, a list of Enigma errors and oddities is appended to this review -- along with various comments inspired by a quick, initial reading of Enigma, and with additions forthcoming in the near future.

List of Probable Misprints, Mistakes or Misjudgments

p. 7 - "RLDS" - More accurately to as Community of Christ" these days; although for the pre-2000 years Enigma generally deals with, "RLDS" remains the historically correct term.

p. 7 - "the twelve" - In theory this quorum is a traveling High Council, inferior in "rule" to the LDS First Presidency -- the term is generally capitalized in printed references (and evidently was also capitalized in the book's final draft when submitted to Concordia)

p. 14 - "both root and branch" - Rev. John G. Cookman's lineage was carried on by children who did not perish in the 1841 sinking of the USS President

p. 17 - "pro-Mormon scholars" (used subsequently throughout the book) - Not since the days of Thomas L. Kane have any significant "pro-Mormons" been anything other than baptized members of one or another of the "restoration churches." This attempt by the Enigma authors (or their CPH editors) to be politically correct, injects some unintentional humor into the book. Many of the most dedicated anti-Spalding claims "scholars" of the past were RLDS writers, who generally called themselves "Latter Day Saints" and who would have been greatly shocked if ever called "pro-Mormons."

p. 17 - "The Book of Mormon" - In a probable attempt by the Enigma authors (or the CPH editors) to be politically correct, this title is italicized and its definite article capitalized throughout the book, even in references to manuscripts and in quotations wherein the title format was originally given differently. For references to the actual published Mormon book this is acceptable -- in some other instances (certain quotes from old texts, references to manuscript materials, etc.) it probably is not. It all looks as if an overzealous Concordia proofreader may have hit the "replace all occurences" button in his word processor program.

p. 17 - "historical record of pre-Columbian North America" - Although certain revisionist LDS apologists have attempted to confine some stories set forth in the Book of Mormon to a postage-stamp-size patch of jungle somewhere in Meso-America, most readers of the book have tradionally interpreted its various events as occuring respectively, in North America, in South America, and in some cases, as spanning the geography of both continents.

p. 18 - "no religious arguments here" - Book of Mormon believers will probably see any extended attempt to discredit the authenticity of their holy writ as being a "religious argument," and especially so when that argument is accompanied by a dedication to "Dr. Walter Martin," a "Foreword" in which their faith is called "non-Christian," and a back cover catagorization of the argument as dealing with "religion," "cults," and "the conspiracy surrounding the... origins of Mormonism."

p. 19 - "Silhouette of Matilda... and the Rev. Solomon Spalding" - An attribution mentioning Rick Grunder and/or the Wesley Walters Papers at the Westminster Theological Seminary Library might have been helpful here.

p. 20 - "From The Commonwealth" - The date and location for the publication featured in the graphic are missing (not to mention the name of "Sidney Rigdon" in the Pittsburgh Post Office unclaimed mail listing as pictured on page 20).

p. 23 - "Hebrews... divided into twelve tribes" - The "Hebrew" descendants of Lot, Esau and other progeny of the biblical Eber might be forgiven for wondering just which of these "tribes" they belong to. While the term "Twelve Tribes of the Hebrews" is occasionally met with in scholarly literature, not all Hebrews descended from the sons of Jacob. The story of the division and scattering/dispersion of the twelve tribes of Israel is a complex one, involving the disestablishment of Levi, the division of Joseph, the emergence of the Jews from Judah, the admixture of Benjamin thereunto, etc. The Enigma authors here add yet another layer to the "myth and controversy" attached to the writings of Solomon Spalding (who is said to have written a "Twelve Tribes" story differing in some aspects from the Book of Mormon's account of far fewer than that numerical division of Israelites).

p. 23 - "North American Indians... descendants... of Israel" - Here again the South American Lamanites are left out of the picture. Modern LDS apologists nowadays seem inclined to admit enough non-Israelite DNA among probable Siberian interlopers, Jaredite survivors, Lehites and Mulekites, to account for the "descent" of at least some of the American Indians.

p. 23 - "several groups of Israelites" - The Book of Mormon's two "Israelite" groups, the Lehites and Mulekites, constitute a rather slender "several;" the Jaredites having sprung up and migrated well before the birth of the biblical Jacob (Israel).

p. 24 - "a strange instrument" - The original text of Enigma was greatly shortened just prior to its publication, eliminating many interesting details. The "instrument" here described may be difficult for some readers to visualize. It puportedly consisted of the front part of a metallic corslet, (more like a breast-shield worn by an 18th century dragoon than the holy attire of an Indian shaman or an Israelite high priest) to which was attached a huge set of spectacles, by means of a lorinette. The gigantic eye-glasses being somewhat too large for Joseph Smith's face, he occasionally removed their diamond-shaped lenses and peered at the Nephite Record through one (or both) of these dislocated seer stones. Although the biblical term "Urim and Thummim" was not applied to the seer stone(s) by the earliest Mormons, there is sufficient description within the Book of Mormon itself to indicate that its writer(s) equated the oracular biblical lots (Urim and Thummim) with magical translating stones.

p. 24 - "the Jaredites" - Here again the Enigma writers confine these ancient peoples to North America, call them a "tribe," and designate them as "Israelites." All of this will come as news to most Book of Mormon believers. Enigma's lax language in regard "Hebrews," "Israelites," "Nephites," "Jaredites," etc. is unfortunate in a book written to help explain how it was that Solomon Spalding's writings about Old World peoples in the New World supposedly formed the basis for Mormon holy writ. Many of the earliest Mormon converts were convinced that Joseph Smith's book provided answers to their questions concerning various ancient biblical blessings and prophecies regarding a certain portion of the Israelites. While most contemporary Christian sects explained away those biblical passages as pertaining only "spiritually" to Christ's Church, the Book of Mormon purportedly offers evidence of their specific fulfillments in a literal sense. Thus, for advocates of the "Spalding theory," it becomes important to explain just which ancient "Israelites" Spalding wrote about -- and whether Spalding (like his Dartmouth-educated fellow Congregationalist, the Rev. Ethan Smith), advocated the same literal fulfillment of scripture, in their behalf, as is found in the Book of Mormon. For these reasons it behooves the modern student of the "Spalding theory" to understand well just what the Bible, Book of Mormon, and the early Spalding claims witnesses have to say about specific biblical peoples and the blessings offered unto them for pre-millennial futurity. The muddled reporting offered by the Enigma writers casts more shadow than light upon these literary complexities.

p. 24 - "the Nephites, following... Nephi" - Retrospectively speaking, the summary is correct, perhaps. But this overly condensed description leaves out the fact that Lehi was the nominal leader of the purported migration from Jerusalem, and that the Nephites did not emerge as a distinct people until after Lehi's death. As previously pointed out above, the serious student of the Spalding authorship claims requires something more than imprecise language and ethnic overgeneralizations, in order to determine just what it was that Spalding reportedly wrote and how well that alleged subject matter matchs up with the historical details supplied by the Book of Mormon.

p. 24 - "the angel Moroni... transcribed" - Joseph Smith alleged that his golden plates came from a combination of inter-related sources: Nephi, Mormon, Moroni, etc. The Book of Mormon presents Moroni the son of Mormon primarily as the final contributor to, and preserver of, this preserved combined record and not merely as its transcriber. Having died unmarried, the text's batchelor "Moroni the son of Mormon" better fit the Saints' Nauvoo era theologizing in regard to ministering angels, than do any of the text's deceased "Nephi"s (all of whom presumably were pious family men and thus candidates for LDS progression to godhood). To their credit, the Enigma authors have noticed the pre-Nauvoo era uncertainty over the identity of Smith's angel. However, they also seem to equate Moroni the son of Mormon with an alleged fictional character created by Solomon Spalding. If there ever was any such literary connection, the more likely candidate for Spalding's creation would be the General Moroni spoken of in the book of Alma.

p. 25 - "Solomon Spalding... the real author" - This oversimplification of the Spalding authorship claims leaves out the fact that there are lengthy and highly important (from a religious viewpoint, at any rate) sections of the Book of Mormon that could not possibly have come from Spalding's writings. These sections of text comprise the bulk of the book and are so closely inter-connected as to constitute a volume in their own right, quite apart from anything that might have ever been borrowed from Spalding. At best, Spalding can probably only be spoken of as an inadvertant contributor to the collection of texts that eventually became the Book of Mormon. Modern students of the Spalding should keep the latter distinction in mind, when they meet with the many objections published by past writers, who have intelligently argued that a Congregational pastor (or even a back-slidden, former Calvinist evangelist) would have never professed many of the book's stated social, political and theological viewspoints.

p. 25 - "Spalding... sought the ministry" - An alternative reading of historical sources might say that Spalding attended Dartmouth with the primary objective of pursuing a career as an educator, and that his ostensible goal of "qualifying himself for the ministry" was only his secondary, back-up plan. Spalding seemingly only turned to the temporary position of serving as a licensed Congregational evangelist (traveling missionary) in 1787 after his other options failed to work out, two years earlier.

p. 25 - "he was awarded a Master of Arts degree" - While this may be true, no Dartmouth College records yet uncovered provide documentation for this Spalding claim, nor do academic/professional records from any source confirm it.

p. 25 - "he married... and soon moved to Cherry Valley" - Solomon Spalding's widow said in 1839: "At the time of our marriage he [Solomon] resided in Cherry Valley, New York," giving the impression that Spalding (and perhaps also his bride) had already moved to that location prior to the couple's wedding.

p. 25 - "Spalding served the local Presbyterian church as a supply pastor" - There is no known record in the past files of Congregational or Presbyterian congregations and regional organizations, indicating that Solomon Spalding was ever ordained as a minister in either of those denominations. A membership move from the Congregationalists to the allied Presbyterians would have been relatively easy in 1796, but it is doubtful that any Presbyterian society would have allowed an evangelist, only licensed (and not ordained) by the Congregationalists, to function as their pastor, perform their baptisms, solemnize marriages, etc. The Enigma writers pass by this historical question a bit too quickly, perhaps.

p. 25 - "Spalding... principal of Cherry Valley Academy... was replaced" - The Enigma writers provide no reasons for his dismissal by the Academy's trustees (in Oct. 1795, after serving less than half a year as headmaster). Given Spalding's demonstrated interest in writing odd literary episodes of the Nissus/Euryalus-genre, it is not improbable this his abrupt dismissal involved a lack of confidence on the part of the school's trustees, in allowing him to continue his supervision of the all-male student body. Solomon Spalding was soon replaced in his leadership positions at both the Academy and in the Presbyterian congregation by Rev. Eliphalet Nott (whom Spalding said "had used him very ill") -- Spalding then left Cherry Valley altogether and relocated himself sixteen miles away from the town.

p. 26 - "Spalding went to Salem... [in] 1803... again... in 1806" - A likely sequence of events would have Spalding first paying a visit to Salem (Conneaut) in 1803, then returning in 1806 with the equipment necessary to build an iron forge and water-powered forge hammer. For some unknown reason his first assembly of the forge equipment had to be rebuilt. The terms of his 1811 forge operation agreement with Henry Lake indicate that Spalding was perhaps already a semi-invalid at that early date -- possibly, as the writers say, due to a "serious rupture caused by heavy lifting."

p. 27 - "Spalding... writing... way of producing income" - Given Solomon Spalding's evident lack of success in selling or publishing anything during his lifetime, a slightly cynical historian could be forgiven for wondering if the would-be writer's "way of producing income" did not lie in his solicitations among his neighbors for loans, investments, and debt relief, all based upon his insubstantial promises to one day sell his stories and share the rewards of their publication.

p. 27 - "romantic yarn, written florid, semi-biblical English" - If by "florid" the authors mean "flowery, excessively ornamented, rosy, grandiloquent, flamboyant, fancy, affected, high-flown, or showy," it may be a little difficult for them to square that assessment with Redick McKee's memories of some Spalding writings, which were "gaunt and abrupt -- very like the stories of the 'Maccabees' and other apocryphal books, in the old bibles." If Spalding affected a "gaunt and abrupt" writing style in his purported "Manuscript Found," then that style is in keeping with the abbreviated, prosaic narratives featured throughout the Book of Mormon. If, on the other hand, he only wrote flamboyant "yarns," rather like the worst, mock-epic sections of his "Roman story," then that yarnish stuff evidently never made it into the LDS scriptures. The Book of Mormon contains a few accounts that might qualify as subtle, sardonic humor, and even some instances of what appear to be cynical recasting of hard-to-believe biblical episodes, but as for Nephite "yarns," the Enigma authors are probably seeing more in the text than generally meets the reader's eye.

p. 27 - "two... [Spalding] characters... were 'Mormon' and his son 'Moroni'" - The enigmatic authors cite, as their source for this allegation, a 1912 article from the Sewickley Herald. The attribution of the character Moroni, the son of Mormon to Solomon Spalding (see also comments for p. 24) runs counter to the conclusions of several scholars who have studied references to that person, and his book of religious writings, as published in the Book of Mormon. In fact, the Book of Moroni (except for a paragraph or two from Mormon's second epistle, recorded therein) is probably the least "Spaldingish" of all the divisions of the Book of Mormon, both in its message and its phraseology. As previously stated, if Spalding ever created a "Moroni," it was far more likely the character of General Moroni, who was not Mormon's son.

p. 27 - "some of Spalding's [associates]... [called him] 'Old Come to Pass'" - The evidence for this assertion is rather slender, coming as it doesfrom only two fairly late sources, which may be traceable the same Washington Co., Pennsylvania newspaper article. Rev. Abner Jackson stated in the Pennsylvania Washington Reporter,in 1881, that Aron Wright and other old Ohio associates of Spalding's had called the repetative writer by that nickname. This assertion was followed a year later by a statement from Washington Co. resident, Joseph Miller, saying: "The words...'And it came to pass,' occurred so often [in Spalding's writings] that the boys about the village called him 'Old Came to Pass.'" It is possible that the two very similar reported nicknames arose independently among Spalding's associates, both in Ohio and in Pennsylvania (and especially so since his pseudo-historical writings were said to contain that clause in great abundance). However, it is also possible that old Joseph Miller embellished his 1882 statement with some notions he had picked up from reading Abner Jackson's story, as published in his local newspaper, just a few months before. When two or more mutually exclusive explanations for the content of old sources come to the attention of objective historians, they generally report that situation, and do not simply assume one of those explanations to be the only possible truth. If Jackson was wrong to begin with, and Miller merely repeated Jackson's idea, then this is precisely the sort of thing that Fawn M. Brodie had in mind, when she concluded that the "Spalding theory" accumulated unreliable testimony over the years.

p. 27 - "[in] Pittsburgh, Solomon Spalding offered 'A Manuscript Found' to... R. & J. Patterson" - This appears to be true. However, if Spalding arrived in that city prior to Nov. 5, 1812, or if he initiated his manuscript selling efforts via a correpondence carried on from Ohio, before he arrived in Pittsburgh, his first dealings may have been with R. &. J. Patterson's precursor, the firm of Patterson and Hopkins. This may be a minor point of detail, but it helps to show that Spalding probably arrived in Pittsburgh during the unsettled period when John Hopkins was leaving the publishing company and Joseph Patterson, Jr. was assuming his role as junior partner. If Joseph was inexperienced in running a publishing venture, he may well have encouraged Spalding's amateurish hopes for publication, while his older, more wary and distracted brother was more interested in getting the newly reorganized company through its typical end of the year obligations.

p. 28 - "Sidney Rigdon... became... circuit-riding preacher" - It should not be supposed that Rigdon assumed a formal position, something like that of a Methodist Circuit pastor. Baptist congregations and associations were less rigidly organized than those of the Methodists and Rigdon's earliest travels from church to church in eastern Ohio was probably an informal series of ministerial visits, rather than the prescribed duities of a mobile pastor supervising many flocks. Many eye-witness accounts describe Rigdon as an effective evangelist but as a problematical pastor. Spalding claims advocates have occasionally made reference to this fact, in partial explanation of why Rigdon did not attempt to start up his own religious sect, but chose instead to share his ecclesiastical power with the young leader of a cultish money-digging group.

p. 29 - "reader is not told... only source for this information" - In dealing with obscure historical phenomena, such as the "Spalding Enigma," the historical researcher and reconstructor is frequently faced with the problem of sole-source, otherwise unconfirmed, assertions and allegations. When single sources are public records, context-contemporary documents, etc., they generally may be assigned a far higher degree of reliability than other kinds of source material. In some cases, however, seemingly valuable historical information can only be traced back to one questionable origin. The Enigma authors are perceptive as they point out this problem here -- however, they appear to have forgotten their own pre-set standards in a few other sections of their reporting.

p. 30 - "difference between... anti-Mormon, and... non-Mormon" - This is a distinction that early Latter Day Saints seldom made, when it came to dealing with those who rejected their preaching of Mormonism's gospel. In the heyday of Spalding claims publication and Mormon responses, typical LDS and RLDS apologists generally pictured the world as being unhappily divided between "God's chosen people" (themselves) and the "wicked gentiles" (all others who were not ready to convert to the Mormon faith). Thus, it was easy for early Mormon defenders to view all opponents as "enemies" and to condemn anybody who presented alternative explanations for Book of Mormon origins as the "tools of Satan," whether those persons realized the demonic enthrallment or not. It was this supernatural, reductionist Mormon perspective that led some LDS refutors of the "Spalding lie" to conclude that many persons, totally unconnected by time, space, or other relationships, were brought together (in the results of their non-Mormon efforts) as a Lucifer-led conspiracy against the "one true church." The Enigma authors make a reasonable distinction here, but (as is eloquently preached in the Foreword to their own book), reason may not always be the the prime motivational factor in religious proclamation. Aside from the few already disgruntled, "cultural," or intellectually compartmentalized Latter Day Saints, who might read their book, the Enigma authors' conclusions are no doubt destined to fall upon deaf ears, in the case of their "pro-Mormon" readers.

p. 31 - "Manuscript Story -- Conneaut Creek" - The Enigma authors consistently call Solomon Spalding's "Roman story" (the holograph of which is on file in the Oberlin College Library) by this name. No witness who ever purported to have seen the Oberlin document prior to 1884 ever assigned this name to its "Roman story." The authors derive the name solely from the fact that it was re-discovered at that late date, wrapped in a sheet of paper bearing those words. The penciled handwriting sample there preserved is of so few words and so indistinct as to make any positive identification of its writer virtually impossible. It may well be the autograph of D. P. Hurlbut, E. D. Howe, or any one of a number of persons who once had access to the manuscript. The Enigma authors' insistence upon this unsubstantiated title merely strengthens the arguements of anti-Spalding writers -- who can cite that fact that Spalding's foster daughter saw what she thought read "Manuscript Found," scribbled upon the wrapping of one of her father's literary productions. With the change of a single word in Matilda Spalding McKinstry's 60 year-old memory, the "Roman Story" itself becomes the document Mrs. McKinstry thus recalled seeing, and the two-manuscript notion disappears from all further consideration. While the Enigmaites have every right to make use of their cumbersome manuscript title in elucidating the Spalding claims, they are well advised to also state that Spalding himself may have never made use of that particular title.

p. 31 - "no similarities whatsoever between the two works" - Most informed Book of Mormon defenders never argued the point in this way. Rather, they have been prone to say that there was just enough similarity between the basic pattern of Spalding's "Roman story," and that of the Book of Mormon's story, to make forgetful, coached witnesses mistake the former as having been the precursor to the latter. It has been due to this very sort of fuzzy reasoning, that LDS and RLDS readers have been able to peruse lengthy lists of thematic and vocabulary similarities between those two stories, and then dismiss all the resemblance as something to be expected in any two early 19th century English language texts giving an account of the origin, development, and unfortunate fate of ancient American Christians and pagans.

p. 32 - "minister of the gospel... Mormon elder" -- The Enigma authors differentiate between these two title as though they are mutually exclusive. And, no doubt they are, in the eyes of their Lutheran editors and publishers. But it is just such comments on their part, that may cause Book of Mormon believers to discount the authors' previous statement, saying that they are putting forth "no religious arguments." Elder Winchester functioned very much like a Protestant minister in his pastoring of the Philadelphia LDS branches -- in that ministry he could organize new congregations, preside, consecrate, preach, teach, baptize, confirm, ordain, counsel, marry, and bury just like a Presbyterian elder, a Reformed Baptist elder, etc.

p. 32 - "Winchester's 'slanderous conduct'" -- It is true that the Mormon leaders during the Nauvoo era became upset with Elder Winchester and eventually excommunicated him. Since Winchester was the secret brother-in-law of Joseph Smith, Jr., and a friend to both Joseph's brother William, and to Sidney Rigdon, his separation from the Saints was a gradual one, marked by equivocation on both sides. Still, it seems rather inconsistent of the Enigma authors to accept the word of the Nauvoo leadership on the subject of Winchester's truthfulness, when they so rarely accept Winchester's word on various historical matter. Winchester may indeed be an unreliable source -- but at some points in the developmemt of the Spalding claims, he is the only contemporary reporter whose account of certain events has survived. His reporting (like that of Elder Hurlbut, whose truthfulness was also denied by the LDS leaders) should be made use of accordingly.

p. 32 - "Doctor Hurlbut... sincere effort" - Just how "sincere" D. P. Hurlbut's investigative motives and methods may have been at any point in his notorious career is open to considerable controversy. He very likely limited his "sincere efforts" to only those endeavors which suited his pre-judged purposes (which were anything but objective ones). Still, the authors make a good point in saying that Hurlbut did not originate the Spalding authorship claims. They make another good point in saying that his activities, in order to be successful, depended upon his gathering together a certain amount of accurate information regarding Solomon Spalding, Spalding's writings, etc. LDS and RLDS defenders have typically responded to all of this, with the counter-claim, that Hurlbut wished to find and suppress Spalding's writings, so that he could further embellish the "Spalding lie" without any fear of detection. In this view of events, Hurlbut gave up his attempts at document recovery and suppression when he handed his collection of research findings over to E. D. Howe, early in 1834. The greatest flaw in this train of thought is the fact that Hurlbut went to the trouble of exhibiting Spalding's "Roman story" to the writer's old friends at Conneaut, soliciting their affirmations, and documenting the results on a back page of the manuscript now preserved at Oberlin Collge -- and all of this accomplished weeks before he entered into his dealings with E. D. Howe (who has also unjustly been accused of suppressing that particular manuscript).

p. 33 - "boyish-looking... 'High Priest' Orson Hyde" - A personal inquiry to the Enigma writers reveals that they here truly intended to speak of the craggy-faced Orson Hyde (1805-1878) and not about the (then) more youthful Orson Pratt (1811-1881).

p. 34 - "May or beginning of June... Doctor Hurlbut's Mormon companions" -- The Enigma writers provide a sketchy outline of Hurlbut's activities, in which ecclesiastical action is first taken against him following Elder Orson Hyde's early June, 1833 return to Kirtland from the Pennsylvania missionary field. In a 1900 statement eye-witness Benjamin Winchester describes Hurlbut as "a sharp, tonguey fellow" who "became an elder... seduced a girl named Barns... [and] the church, to cover up the matter, urged him to marry her. He refused and then we expelled him." If Winchester's memory can be trusted, it seems that the Erie Co. Pennsylvania Mormon leaders met at local "conference" held late in May 1833, disfellowshipped Hurlbut, and confiscated his Elder's license. This council may have been held at Elk Creek, in the home of Winchester's father. Shortly thereafter, on May 29, 1833, Elder Orson Hyde baptized Anna Barnes Harmon, who was almost certainly the sister of the Mormon girl whom Hurlbut had seduced. Hyde then proceded to Kirtland, and there brought excommunication charges against his wayward missionary companion, the already disfellowshipped D. P. Hurlbut. In his 1840 booklet, Elder Winchester provides some additional details, saying: "he was cast off from the church, and his license taken from him by the conference; at first he appeared impenitent and obdurate, but afterwards professed penitence and humility; he soon left for Kirtland, to appeal to the general conference, when his case was reheard, and, in consequence of confession and acknowledgment, his license was restored." In order for the Kirtland church court to have rendered such a decision, Hurlbut must have offered acceptable satisfaction in the matter of the "girl named Barns." Possibly the two were married at that time, but no record of their brief union was recorded at the county courthouse, because Mormon marriages were not then recognized by the civil authority. If this is what actually happened, all mention of the ill-fated 1833 ceremony may have been purposely forgotten, when Huldah Barnes of Erie Co., Pennsylvania later moved to Nauvoo and there wed Apostle Heber C. Kimball, on Feb. 3, 1846.

p. 35 - "November 1834... Mormons circulate... stories about Hurlbut" -- It appears more likely that the Mormon leaders began to make public accusations regarding Hurlbut's character as early as Apr. 1834, following his legal defeat at Chardon. Since D. P. Hurlbut is not known to have ever made any published attempt to refute the accusations made against him (in regard to his adultery and/or fornication while he was a Methodist, Mormon and Moravian), those accusations may have contained more than the germ of truth. For information regarding Hurlbut's probable views on "spiritual wifery" see the comments attached to Benjamin Winchester's 1900 statement and to the 1854 notice of Julia Hurlbut's "spiritual marriage."

p. 36 - "Hurlbut... now saw it as his loyal duty to God" -- Given the fact that D. P. Hurlbut moved, in rather rapid succession, from the Methodists, to the Mormons, to the Millerites, to the Moravians (United Brethren), to the Spiritualists (as an "elder" or "minister" dogged by accusations of fornication, adultery or marital infidelity), it appears that he was a religious con-man who possessed little or no sense of godly duty. In his 2005 BYU Studies article, "Joseph Smith and the 1834 D. P. Hurlbut Case," researcher David W. Grua concludes that "Smith was not the only religious figure with whom Hurlbut had trouble." The same article points out the fact that "Hurlbut was able to evade the arm of justice; for three years, the sheriff could not find him." While Hurlbut's failure to pay his 1834 court costs may be seen as a relatively minor transgression, the charges made against him in the mysterious 1837 death of Garrett Brass probably indicate that he was not then viewed by many as being dutiful to God.

p. 38 - "Jackson readily remembered Spalding and Manuscript Story..." -- One circumstance not pointed out by the Enigma authors is the fact that the slight account evidently provided by "Mr. Jackson" does not contain one scrap of information concerning Spalding's Roman story, that had not previously been published by Howe in 1834. The alleged Jackson account was not printed until many months after Howe's book had obtained a wide circulation. If the alleged memories are traceable back to Solomon Spalding's old associate, Lyman Jackson, it may be significant that Lyman passed away in 1835, after Howe's book was printed, but before Benjamin Winchester published his quotes from "Mr. Jackson." This fact leaves open the possibility that Lyman (whose daughter had by then joined the Mormons) merely made some reference to E. D. Howe's summary -- or, worse yet, that Winchester concocted testimony for a dead man. These combined circumstances render the alleged Jackson recollections worthless to the serious historian.

p. 38 - "Spalding and his work... Hurlbut's conversations" -- One significant possibility overlooked by the Enigma authors, is that D. P. Hurlbut may have obtained substantial exposure to the Spalding authorship claims during the course of that part of his 1833 Mormon mission conducted in Crawford Co., Pennsylvania. Benjamin Winchester states that Hurlbut "made several converts in Crawford county, Pa.," which is precisely where John Spalding lived at the time. There is reason to assume that John Spalding, a staunch Baptist, would have responded to reports of Mormon preaching in or near his home township with alarm. He may have attended one of more of the Mormons' services, to ascertain what their message was. At least this is the picture provided by his sister-in-law, who in 1839 stated that this "pious man" attended a public meeting in which the Book of Mormon was read aloud, "and recognized perfectly the work of his brother. He was amazed and afflicted, that it should have been perverted to so wicked a purpose... he arose on the spot, and expressed to the meeting his deep sorrow and regret, that the writings of his sainted brother should be used for a purpose so vile and shocking." While John's sister-in-law places this meeting at Conneaut, Ohio, she was not an eye-witness to the event and may have conflated several reports that she received from friends or family in the Conneaut area of Pennsylvania and Ohio. If John Spalding was indeed so "amazed" as her report says, that fact indicates that his first exposure to the Book of Mormon text came unexpectedly, in a meeting he attended out of pious alarm and curiosity -- a meeting of the sort D. P. Hurlbut, the great talker, would have naturally conducted in Crawford County during the spring of 1833.

p. 55 - "Hurlbut hastened to Hartwick... a single Spalding manuscript... clearly not what he had hoped to find" -- The Enigma authors do not explain just how it could be so "clear" (to Hurlbut, themselves, or their readers) that the anti-Mormon investigator recovered only a single manuscript at Hartwick -- not the "Manuscript Found." In the immediate aftermath of his visit to Hartwick, Hurlbut had published a notice in which he claimed to have "succeeded in accomplishing the object of his mission," that "mission" having been carried out primarily for the purpose of finding the "Manuscript Found" and comparing it to the Book of Mormon text. According to an 1879 statement from Spalding's grandson, his mother "gave Hurlbut a letter" permitting him to take possession of the "Manuscript Found," and, had that particular document not "been in said trunk, she... never would have written that letter... that she ever after believed that the M.S. was delivered to Hurlbut." Given the fact that his grandmother (Spalding's widow) could have (and obviously would have) inquired of her relatives in New York, for particulars regarding Hurlbut's activities there, it appears that she was never informed by them that Hurlbut found only a single manuscript (not "Manuscript Found") at Hartwick. In fact, according to the 1880 statement of her foster daughter, she and the widow "afterwards heard that he [Hurlbut] had received it ["Manuscript Found"] from Mr. Clark, at Hartwicks." In a less direct account, attributed to an 1842 letter, the widow evidently recalled that in 1833 or 1834 she "received a letter from Hurlbut, in which he told her that he had obtained from the trunk what he had come for, the manuscript of "Manuscript Found," and that when he had taken it to the parties that sent him, and it had been used for the purpose for which they wanted it." At least one of those "parties," who supported D. P. Hurlbut in his 1833 research in the east, reported seeing the document in question, and seeing his associates use that document for the purpose for which they wanted it. James A. Briggs reported in 1886: "D. P. Hurlbut... was employed to look up testimony. He was present with the committee and had Spaulding's original manuscript with him. We compared it, chapter by chapter with the Mormon Bible. It was written in the same style; many of the names were the same... Of this the committee had no doubt whatever." That same year Briggs also stated: "At the meeting... in 1834... we had this very identical "manuscript" now published among the papers submitted by Dr. Hurlburt. We also had a copy of the 'Manuscript Found,' that was compared with the Mormon Bible and satisfied the committee that it was the basis of the Mormon Bible." Besides Mr. Briggs, several other residents of the Kirtland area claimed in later years to have seen Hurlbut exhibit the "Manuscript Found" during his public lectures at the end of 1833 -- these witnesses include a Kirtland Justice of the Peace with whom Hurlbut personally visited and apparently temporarily resided. Researcher Clark Braden claimed to have the statements of several eye-witnesses to Hurlbut's 1833 display of the "Manuscript Found" in his possession, and in 1891 allowed publication of some excerpts from these statements.

Given this evidence, the Enigma authors' conclusion -- that Hurlbut "clearly" recovered only "a single manuscript" at Hartwick, is totally inexplicible. The authors might have stated that, contrary to all of the evidence, they found some "clear" reason for reaching their peculiar conclusion, but they chose instead to effectively suppress that evidence and to cut future investigators off from pursuing an intriguing path of prospective inquiry. Perhaps D. P. Hurlbut never did exhibit Spalding's "Manuscript Found" in and around Kirtland, Ohio in the last days of December, 1833 -- perhaps he displayed a clever forgery which he himself created on his return trip to Ohio. Whatever the case may have been, it is in no way "clear" that Hurlbut initially claimed to have recovered only a single manuscript at Hartwick.

p. 77 - "Hurlbut placed little value upon it and soon lost it amidst the clutter of his printing business" -- The readers of Enigma may be excused for wondering just how it was that D. P. Hurlbut came into possession of an Ohio printing business. No doubt the authors meant to say that because D. P. Hurlbut placed little value upon Spalding's Roman story, E. D. Howe also discounted its importance and soon lost it. The authors' sentence was more intelligible in their 2000 version of the text, where they merely spoke of Howe and left Hurlbut out of the discussion altogether.

p. 94 - "the manuscript takes up again at the top of page 135 without any apparent break in the story" -- Here the Enigma authors utilize a mistake in their comprehension of the physical structure of Spalding's Roman Story manuscript as a base from which to launch into some imaginative speculation that adds nothing substantial to their historical reconstructions. At the center of these odd notions comes this conclusion: "the sheet... 133-134 was removed... [as] a blank sheet... Spalding, when he resumed work on the manuscript... began writing again at the top of the next blank, but already numbered page -- 135 -- without noticing the break in numerical sequence.... The only other pages missing from the manuscript are 143-144. Once again, these are both sides of a single sheet, but in this case the leaf must have been removed after completion because its absence produces an obvious gap in the text." To this mistaken idea, Ted Chandler responded nearly five years ago: "They claim that the missing sheet containing pages 133 and 134 does not cause a break in the narrative, but in my opinion there clearly is a break." Not only is there a two-page break in the story (page 135 continues a "catalog of chieftains" in mid-narration) but the breaks at 133-34 and 143-44 were created by the loss from one sewn signature of Spalding's manuscript, of a single folded sheet, bearing the first two pages on the first half of the fold and the second two pages from the second half of the fold. The four pages in question evidently comprised the outermost sheet of a signature of several similarly folded pages. This manuscript structure was documented by an eye-witness, in 1885 before the Oberlin College library staff had the entire document bound between leather covers: "leaves were stitched together with linen thread, thus forming them into little sections... Take a sheet of paper thirteen inches wide and sixteen inches long, double twice, so as to leave it six and a half by eight inches, and you have the precise manner of the arrangement of the paper for use." Considerable detail relating to this matter has been available on-line for the last several years.

pp. 158-9 - "Rigdon told Brigham... statement to Jeffries" -- The Enigma authors here lift a lenghty block of text (without attribution) from a �Book of Mormon Authorship� web-page composed and hosted by Ted Chandler. As early as 2005 Chandler objected personally to the writers over this use of his material. Recently the authors have indirectly extended an apology for their oversight in reproducing this material a second time -- however, in response to Chandler's second accusation (�Some of my other ideas also pop up [in the 2005 book], but without attribution") the Enigmaites' supposition evidently is that "they were simply not unique." This supposition may or may not be true; but since on-line documents are fairly easily searchable, the authors might be well advised to look on the web and make the textual comparisons for themselves.

pp. 244 - "[Orsamus] Turner knew Oliver [Cowdery]" -- The Enigma authors depend a great deal upon the reporting of New York newspaperman Orsamus Turner for their reconstruction of pre-1830 events in and around Palmyra leading up to the establishment of the Mormon Church. Again, on page 258 of their book, the writers say: "it has already been established that he knew Oliver Cowdery in Palmyra in 1822." Perhaps that fact has been "established" (to their satisfaction), but the writers neglect to mention that Mr. Turner nowhere (in any known writings) ever distinctly says that he knew Oliver or associated with him in any way. It is entirely possible that Turner's reporting in regard to Oliver came as second-hand information from some unidentified source. Ted Chandler made mention of this problem in the Enigma text as early as 2000, but the writers have only recently (and indirectly) taken notice of Chandler's insightful comments: "The authors tend to put words into Turner�s mouth... Turner does assert that Cowdery was involved with the Smith family at an early date, but he never says that he knew Oliver or that his information came from personal knowledge." Before engaging in a good deal of detailed speculation about how and when Orsamus Turner came up with his "personal knowledge" of events pertaining to the foundation and early development of New York Mormonism, the Enigma authors might have brought the jist of Chandler's objection to their readers' attention -- then, with that small explanation safely behind them, they could have deduced and imagined all sorts of things in the comfort of knowing that those same readers were not likely to cite Enigma's conclusions as proven fact.

p. 479 - "John Edward Page... appears to have made no personal effort to contact either Robert or Joseph Patterson in Pittsburgh" -- This strange conclusion marks one of the more significant bibliographical defects in the 2005 book, as the writers fail to give any notice to Elder William Small's 1876 account: "While I was living in Pittsburgh in 1841, at the time so much was said of the Book of Mormon, and in connection with the Solomon Spaulding Story. It was stated that the Spaulding manuscript was placed in Mr. Patterson's hands for publication, and that Sidney Rigdon was connected with him at the time. In connection with John E. Page I called upon General [sic] Patterson, the publisher..., etc." It is unlikely that the Enigma writers missed reading this interesting statement, as it is quoted and cited in comments appended to the only easily consulted transcript of an important 1842 pamphlet mentioned by the writers themselves. Possibly the methodology employed by the Enigmaites in selecting source material suitable to their reporting needs did not allow them to make reliable use of this "Mormon" document.

(under construction)

The following tabulation attempts to compensate for Enigma's lack of an index.
Although the cataloging info on the back of its title page promises such an index, it
has so far been made available by the authors only as a pdf web-document.

A PARTIAL INDEX
TO NAMES, WORDS, TITLES AND
CITATIONS IN LITERATURE AND SCRIPTURE

in

Who Really Wrote The Book of Mormon? The Spalding Enigma

Abbreviations used in Index:
biblio.: Bibliography for Who Really Wrote The Book of Mormon? The Spalding Enigma
BoM: Book of Mormon (current LDS edition used for citations)
JS: Joseph Smith, Jr. (1805-1844)
main index: Comprehensive Index for Who Really Wrote The Book of Mormon...
OMs: the Spalding manuscript at Oberlin College -- his "Roman story"
SS: Solomon Spalding (1761-1816)
S. Rigdon: Sidney Rigdon (1793-1876)

A

• Aaron (biblical prophet and priest):
linen breeches of Aaron, 112
gift of Aaron / rod of Aaron, 262, 265

  Abraham (see Book of Abraham)

• Adam (biblical patriarch):
Adam�s fall from grace, 12
Adam is the Angel Michael for LDS, 538

• Acts (Acts of the Apostles, biblical book):
Acts 9:4-6 ("Saul, Saul, why are you persecuting me?"), 12

• Alma (BoM book and characters):
Alma 38-42, Alma�s commandment to his son, 379, 541 n.66
Book of Alma in computer studies, 445 n.16

• Amelekites (BoM ethnic group):
mark their foreheads red (mispelled as Amelikites), 123), 471 n.91
mark their foreheads red, 126

  Amelikites (see Amelekites)

  angel/angels (see entires under specific names, and in main index)

• ante-diluvian science:
(of the Jaredites), 87

• Apostle (Paul):
he advised: "prove all things�," (1 Thes. 5:21), 205

• Authorized Version (1611 English Bible � see also King James Version):
Robert Spalding, one of the men responsible for translating Authorized Version, 431 n.5

B

• Babel (biblical land in Mesopotamia region):
the Jaredites followed their leader from the Tower of Babel, 24

  Banbo (see Bombal)

• Bible (see also main index):
The Bible speaks of the Hebrews as a people divided into twelve tribes, 23
SS�s Manuscript Found written in language similar to King James Bible, 27, 81, 453 n.16
"And it came to pass," as found in King James Bible, 27, 432 n.21
SS�s writing style very like Maccabees and other apochryphal books in the old bibles, 126
R. Patterson saw a SS manuscript, chiefly in the style of the English Bible, 149
S. Rigdon had a romance of the Bible, originally written by SS, 152
S. Rigdon tried to obtain JS�s "translation" of the Bible in 1844, 158-9
A Plainer Translation: Joseph Smith's Translation of the Bible (see biblio.), 159
the writer of the Book of Mormon had a familiar acquaintance with the Bible, 202
by Oct. 1830 non-LDS hear of JS�s plan to make new translation of the Bible, 382
in the Bible the Urim and Thummim are a means of divination, 430 n.3
in the Bible King Zedekiah of Judah's sons were all murdered, 430 n.4
in the Bible none of Noah�s seven sons are named Lehi, 454 n.27
"Professor Sexias, Hebrew Bible, and Book of Abraham" (see biblio.) 552 n.21

• Biblical / biblical (see also main index):
biblical Urim and Thummim, 24
SS�s Manuscript Found written in florid, semi-biblical English, 27
SS�s Manuscript Found carried his Biblical imitation to an absurd excess, 89
LDS Doc. & Cov. and Pearl of Great accepted as equal to biblical Scripture, 177
numerous biblical interpolations, etc. integrated into SS�s Manuscript Found, 232
JS claimed Egyptian papyrus was lost biblical Book of Abraham, 442 n.4

• Bombal (OMs character):
mistranscribed as Banbo in 1886 LDS ed., 90

• Book of Abraham (LDS scriptural text):
188, 360, 442. 445 n.16, 552 n.21

• Book of Moses (LDS scriptural text):
an allegedly inspired re-translation of Genesis 1-5:8, 381
may have been written by same author as BoM, 445 n.16

• Book of Pukei (satirical sketches pub. in Palmyra (NY) Reflector � see biblio.):
Obadiah Dogberry (Abner Cole) begins "Book of Pukei," 1830, 497 n.37

C

• Canaan (biblical Palestine-Lebanon region, and patriarch)
SS wrote a pseudo history of, 126

• Celes (LCMs location, and title key word):
scene of episodes in "Romances of Celes... Knights of the Chasm," 445 n.14

• Chianga (OMs nation):
a part of the Sciotan Empire, 457 n.42

• Chasm (LCMs location):
scene of episodes in "Romances of Celes... Knights of the Chasm," 445 n.14

• Columbus (15th cent. navigator & explorer):
in BoM Lamanites fought Nephites 1,100 years before Columbus, 24,
SS�s Manuscript Found's setting reported as 1,100 years before Columbus, 45

• Constantine (1st Christian Roman Emperor, 306-37):
initial OMs events set during his reign; (appears briefly in story), 88

• Corinthians (biblical epistles, and Christian congregation)
2 Cor. 13:5 (examine what you believe), 9

D

• Daniel (biblical book and prophet):
S. Rigdon affected by Daniel and Ezekiel prophecies, 354

• Decalogue (biblical covenant laws -- Ex. 20:2-17):
portions of paraphrased in OMs fictional ancient scriptures, 453

• Daniel Defoe (British novelist � 1660-1731):
Defoe's veritable Robinson Crosoe, 126

• Deliwan (OMs ethnic group):
Indians who painted part of their faces red, 471 n.91

E

• Elijah (biblical prophet)
Martin Harris claimed to be Elijah (see 2 Kings 2:24), 162

• English Standard Version (of the Bible)
used for all biblical quotations in this book, 4

• Enoch (quasi-scriptural books, and biblical patriarch):
JS claimed to receive revelations as Enoch, 454 n.26

• Exodus (biblical book):
Ex. 20:2-17 partly paraphrased in OMs fictional ancient scriptures, 453
Ex. 28:30 (mentions Urim & Thummim), 430 n.3

• Ezekiel (biblical book and prophet):
S. Rigdon's mind affected by Daniel and Ezekiel prophecies, 354

F

• Fabius (OMs character / narrator):
Fabius and Roman companions were practicing Christians, 88
he tells story in OMs as first-person narrative, 90
his ship lands in N. America, far from Meso-American civilizations, 454 n.25

• fiction (see also main index):
SS wrote works of fiction while in OH, 27
one of SS�s works of fiction was about Lost Tribes, 90
one of SS�s works of fiction was titled Manuscript Found, 357 n.1

• fictional manuscript:
JS may have used one to create BoM, 25, 446

• Florentine Heroes (LCMs characters):
angelic companions in "Romances of Celes... Knights of the Chasm," 445 n.14

• Fond Parents (in OMs text):
mistranscribed/misprinted as Hond Parents (addressees of draft letter, p. 132), 456 n.42

• Frogs of Windham / Wyndham:
alleged children�s story, written by SS (Wyndham), 80, 86
anonymously written poetical story, pub. 1857 (Windham), 453 n.21

G

• Gabriel (biblical angel):
the angel Michael is... Adam and Gabriel is Noah, 538 n.42

• Galanga (OMs city):
capital city of Sciota, 457 n.42

• Galatians (biblical epistle; Christian congregation):
Gal. 3:24, (use of biblical law), 12
Gal. 3:1-9, (as text of a S. Rigdon sermon), 328

• Gamba (OMs city):
capital city of Kentuck, 456, n.42

• Genesis (biblical book):
Gen. 3:15 (fall of Adam, etc.), 12
Gen. 1-5:8 (creation story � changed by JS in LDS Book of Moses), 381
Gen. 5:32; 10:2 (none of Japheth�s sons was named Lehi), 454 n.27

H

• Hadokam (OMs character):
mistranscribed as Hadoram in 1886 LDS ed., 90

  Hadoram (see Hadokam)

• Habolan (OMs character):
king of Chianga, 457

• Hamboon (OMs character):
emperor of Sciota, 456-7, n.42

  Hamkien (see Hamko)

• Hamko (OMs character):
first written as Hamkien, 90
mistranscribed as Hamkoo in 1886 LDS ed., 90

  Hamkoo (see Hamko)

• Hebrews (descendants of the biblical Eber):
ancient Israelites (Hebrews) were divided into 12 tribes, 23
A View of the Hebrews (see biblio.), 540 n.65

• Helaman (BoM book, and character)
Hel. 6:10; 8:21 (Mulek, son of Zedekiah, escaped murder), 430 n.4

• Horace (Roman writer):
Horace, Satires 1.5.100: "Credat Judacus Apella!", 89

I

• Iago (Shakespeare�s character):
S. Rigdon as a modern Iago, 196
Iago as manipulator in play Othello, 489 n.4

• Isaiah (biblical book, and prophet)
Lengthy portions of Isaiah copied into BoM, 88

• Israel (biblical nation, and patriarch):
modern Israel (Jews) descended from two tribes, 23
Ten Lost Tribes of Israel -- their fate a mystery, 23
BoM says Indians of House of Israel, 23, 27, 37, 202
SS�s Manuscript Found about Lost Tribes of Israel, 33, 41, 43, 48, 50, 84, 97, 157
SS�s Roman story not about Lost Tribes of Israel, 37
Jedidiah Morse suggested Indians were Lost Tribes of Israel, 84
JS alleged he was chosen to fulfil God�s covenant with Israel, 178

• Israelites (biblical nation):
BoM says ancient Israelites populated Americas, 23-4, 84, 126
Jedidiah Morse suggested Indians were Israelites, 84

J

• Japheth (biblical patriarch; alleged character in Spalding�s writings):
SS reportedly wrote a story about Lehi, son of Japheth, 87
Bible records no son of Japheth named Lehi, 454 n.27

• Jaredites (BoM ethnic group):
proto-Israelite Jaredites migrated to Americas, were exterminated, 24

• Jaredites (alleged ethnic group in Spalding�s writings)
Old World Jaredites migrate to America, build great cities, 87

• Jeremiah (biblical book, and prophet):
Jer. 39:6-7; 52: 10-11 (sons of King Zedekiah murdered), 430 n.4

• Jerusalem (ancient city; a location in Bible, BoM, and alleged Spalding writings)
in BoM Mulek and companions migrate to America from Jerusalem, 24
in SS�s Manuscript Found Lost Tribes migrate to America from Jerusalem, 27, 40-5, 89

• Jesus (biblical Messiah; son of Mary, etc. � see also names index):
Jesus� Sermon on the Mount, 88, 453 n.16
Jesus' example of not resisting "the one who is evil" (Matt. 5:39), 196

• Jews (Israelite ethnic sub-group):
SS wrote in Manuscript Found, the Indians were descendants of, 40
In SS�s Roman story, the narrator and companions not Jews, 82, 89

• John (biblical gospel, epistles, disciple, and evangelist)
1 Jn 4:1 (test the spirits), 9

• Joshua (biblical book, and prophet):
Canaan invaded by Joshua�s Israelites, in a SS novel, 126

• Judah (biblical patriarch, tribe, and nation):
King Zedekiah of Judah, 24

• Judea (Roman province, corresponding to biblical Judah):
anachronistic: SS�s novel tells of Ten Tribes� departure from Palestine, of Judea, 84

K

• Kelsock (OMs character):
mistranscribed as Thelford in 1886 LDS ed., 90

• Kentucks (OMs ethnic group; natives of Kentuck):
Kentucks Kelsock and Hamko sneak into the Sciotan camp, 90
Kentucks ready to fight Sciotan invaders, 94

• King James Version (1611 English Bible � see also Authorized Version):
SS wrote Manuscript Found in semi-archaic English of King James version, 81
"it came to pass" occurs 73 times in King James Version, 432 n.21

• Kings (biblical books):
2 Kg. 2:24: (Go up old bald head, now fetch on your bears), 162
2 Kg. 25:1-12 (sons of King Zedekiah murdered), 430 n.4

L

• Labamack (OMs character):
mistranscribed as Labarmock in 1886 LDS ed., 90

• Laban (BoM character):
sword of Laban, 227
Sword of Laban (periodical, see biblio.) 556 n.4

• Laban (alleged Spalding character):
assassination of, 44

• Labanco (OMs character):
brother of Sciotan emperor, 456-7 n.42

  Labarmock (see Labamack)

• Laman (BoM character):
son of Lehi and patriarch of the Lamanites, 24

• Lamanites (BoM ethnic group � see also main index):
generally, the unrepentant descendants of Laman's followers, 24, 28

• Lamanites (alleged ethnic group in Spalding�s writings):
a tribe of ancient Americans, 27, 28, 40, 41
(singular) used by SS as a personal name?, 47, 49
recalled as Laminites by Spalding�s daughter, 80

  Lambdon (see Lambon)

• Lambon (OMs character):
mistranscribed as Lambdon in 1886 LDS ed., 90

  Laminites (see Lamanites)

• Lamoni (BoM character and town in IA � see also main index)

• Latin (see also main index):
stated orig. lang. of fictional records in OMs, 37
E. D. Howe says orig. lang. of fictional records in OMs, 60

• Lehi (lost LDS scriptural book, and BoM patriarch / prophet):
Lehi the father of Nephi led refugees from Land of Jerusalem to Americas, 24, 87
Nephi and Lehi landed in the Americas near an unnamed "narrow neck of land," 87
Did Lehi Land in Chile? An Assessment... (see biblio.), 454 n.24

• Lehi (alleged character in Spalding�s writings):
led the Ten Tribes to the Americas in Manuscript Found, 27, 40-2, 50
his name the same as BoM character, 28, 45, 130
the son of Japheth in one version of SS's novel, 130

• Leviticus (biblical book):
Lev. 8:8 (mentions Urim & Thummim), 430 n.3

M

• Maccabees (deutero-canonical biblical books):
SS�s style in some writings was gaunt and abrupt; very like that of Maccabees, 126

• Mammoons (OMs animals):
elephantlike creatures (first called Mammoths or Mammouths), 90

• Mark (biblical book, and evangelist)
Mk. 4:22-23 (If you have ears to hear, then hear), 387

• Mark Twain (pseudonum for American author Samuel L. Clemens):
Martin Harris met all of Mark Twain�s qualifications for a fool, 360
gave his description of a fool in Those Extraordinary Twins, 552 n.22

•Maroni (see Moroni)

• Matthew (biblical book, disciple and evangrlist):
Matt. 5:39 (Jesus' example of not resisting "the one who is evil"), 196
Matt. 6-7 (part of Jesus' Sermon on the Mount copied into BoM), 88

• Michael (biblical archangel):
the Angel Michael is Adam and Gabriel is Noah, 538 n.42

• Moroni (BoM characters; last Nephite prophet):
Moroni (Mormon?) transcribed Nephite history onto golden tablets, 24
Moroni not true contributor/editor of BoM; story was written by SS, 25

• Moroni (alleged Spalding character):
Moroni claimed to be a principal character in SS�s Manuscript Found, 27, 45,
SS�s foster daughter recalled the character�s name as Maroni, 80

• Mosiah (BoM book, and character):
Mos. 25:2 (Mulek, son of Zedekiah, escaped murder), 430 n.4
computer study shows author of Mosiah wrote Book of Abraham, 445 n.16

• Mulek (BoM character):
Mulek, youngest son of King Zedekiah, led band of Judahites to America, 24
Mos. 25:2 (Mulek, son of Zedekiah, escaped murder), 430 n.4

• Mulekites (BoM ethnic group):
Mulekites (descendants of Mulek & companions) merged with the Nephites, 24

N-O

• Nehemiah (biblical book, and prophet):
Neh. 7:65 (mentions Urim & Thummim), 430 n.3

• Nephi (LDS scriptural books):
2 Ne. 25:23 "we know that it is by grace that we are saved, after all we can do," 11
computer study shows author of books of Nephi wrote Book of Abraham, 445 n.16
1 Ne. 8:2 (visions and dreams are essentually the same thing), 529 n.163

• Nephi (BoM characters, incl. Nephi I, leader of first Nephites):
Nephi I, son of Lehi, helped lead refugees from Land of Jerusalem to Americas, 24
bad Lehites followed Laman; good Lehites followed Nephi, becoming Nephites 24
Nephi and Lehi landed in the Americas near an unnamed "narrow neck of land," 87

• Nephi (alleged SS character):
Ten Tribes, under the command of Nephi & Lehi, migrated to Americas, 27-8, 40-2, 45-6
Artemas Cunningham said SS frequently used phrase, "I Nephi..." in Manuscript Found, 46
several of SS�s old associates recalled his use of Nephi in his Manuscript Found, 47, 49, 80

  Nephi (celestial being associated with coming forth of BoM � see main index):

• Nephite Record (alleged engraved plates containing BoM text):
the true origin of JS's Nephite Record may never be completely unraveled, 387
"Unearthed Records of the Nephites": fraudulent reference to SS�s writings, 401

• Nephites (BoM ethnic group, descendants of the followers of Nephi I):
generally, the good people who came with Nephi to Americas and their descendants, 24
the Mulekites eventually merged with the Nephites, forming one people, 24
the Lamanites warred against the Nephites an eventually destroyed them, 24
"The Scientific Search for Nephite Remains" (see biblio.), 453-4 n.24

• Nephites (alleged SS ethnic group):
SS brought Ten Lost Tribes to Americas, where they split into Nephites & Lamanites, 40-1
John N. Miller spoke to his daughter about Zarahemlites before BoM was published, 52
Joseph Miller said Nephites fought Amelekites in SS�s Manuscript Found, 123
"Unearthed Records of the Nephites": fraudulent reference to SS�s writings, 401

• Neri (Nephi? � alleged SS novel character)
John Thompson remembered the names of Neri and Lehi in SS manuscript, 130

• Noah (biblical patriarch):
in the Bible, Japheth, son of Noah, (Genesis 5:32) had seven sons, 454 n.27
according to LDS doctrine, the patriarch Noah became the Angel Gabriel, 538 n.42

• Othello (Shakespeare�s play):
Iago as manipulator in play, 489 n.4

P-Q

  Peter, James and John (biblical disciples � see main index)

• Proverbs (biblical book):
in his fictional admonitions, in his Roman story SS imitated Proverbs, 453 n.27

• Psalter (biblical Book of Psalms or compiled selections of psalms):
Rev. Henry Caswall tested JS�s translation abilities in 1842 with a Greek Psalter, 187

R

• Robinson (Crosoe) Crusoe (1719 British novel):
Defoe's veritable Robinson Crosoe, 126

• Romance of Celes (LCMs title key words):
"Romances of Celes... Knights of the Chasm" (see biblio.), 445 n.14

S

• Samuel (biblical books, and prophet)
1 Sam. 28:6 (mentions Urim & Thummim) 430 n.3

• Satires (of Horace, Roman auth.):
Satires 1.5.100: "Credat Judacus Apella!", 89

• Sermon on the Mount (in biblical book of Matthew):
part of Jesus' Sermon on the Mount (Matt. 6-7) copied into BoM, 88

• Sciota (OMs nation and empire):
First written as Siota, 90

• Sciotan (OMs ethnicity):
Kentucks Kelsock and Hamko sneak into the Sciotan camp, 90
Labanco made known all the proceedings of the Sciotan government, 456 n.42

  Siota (see Sciota)

• Shakespeare's drama:
Iago as manipulator in play Othello, 489 n.4

• Shakespeare's maiden (fictional character):
or matron? (Gertrude re: Queen Baptista in "Murder of Gonzago" - Hamlet II:ii), 118

T

• [Alfred] Tennsyon�s "The Brook" (in Maud, and other Poems --1855):
Tennyson's Brook (men come and go; it goes on forever), 157

  Thelford (see Kelsock)

• Thessalonians (biblical epistles, and congregation):
1 Thes. 5:21 says "prove all things...," 205

• Those Extraordinary Twins, (novel by Samuel L. Clemens):
description of a fool given in Those Extraordinary Twins, 552 n.22

• Tower of Babel (biblical edifice in Mesopotamia region):
the Jaredites followed their leader from the Tower of Babel, 24

• tragic account of Laban (1 Ne. 4):
story of Laban in BoM allegedly also in SS�s Manuscript Found, 44

U-V

  Urim and Thummim (biblical divining lots � see main index)

• Virgil (Roman epic poet):
SS reportedly taught Latin, using Virgil�s writings, 129

W-Z

• Zarahemla (BoM city-state, founded by the Mulekites):
"Zarahemla" is a place name in The Book of Mormon, 453 n.23

• Zarahemla (alleged SS geographic name):
John N. Miller said SS landed Tribes at Zarahemla, at Straits of Darien, 45, 86, 453 n.23

• Zarahemlites (alleged SS ethnic group, similar to BoM Mulekites):
John N. Miller spoke to his daughter about Zarahemlites before BoM was published, 52

• Zedekiah (biblical king):
King Zedekiah of Judah, 24, 430 n. 4

MAIN INDEX
(prepared by Dale R. Broadhurst)

MAIN INDEX A Aaron: Aaron (Aron) Wright, 51, 52, 66, 109, 445, 446 Aaron Wheeler, 434 Aaron Billins (Billings), 558 Aaronic priesthood, 378 Abagail (see also Abigail): Mrs. Abagail Hall, 439 abandon, 14, 254, 437, 499 abandoned, 81, 92, 102, 142, 184, 186, 225, 272, 398, 541 Abbay/Abbe: Abbay Maria Hemenway, 493 Abbe Maria Hemenway, 497, 514 Abbot: John Abbot Stevens, 504 abbreviate, 456 Abbreviations, 371 Abdominal pains (bilious colic), 503 Abduction: of Wm. Morgan, 271, 277, 281, 526 Broken Seal, or Personal Reminiscences of the Morgan Abduction (see biblio.), 525 "On the Morgan Abduction. A Document for the People" (see biblio.), 552 Abduction of Emily Coburn Austin (see biblio.), 546 Abel: Abel D. Chase, 319, 321, 322, 333, 346 Abigail: Abigail Gates, 260 Abijah: Abijah Rigdon, 136 Abishai: Abishai Sabin (d. 1782), 431 n.8, 456 n.41 Abner: Abner Cole (Palmyra (NY) Reflector ed., �Obediah Dogberry�), 218, 222, 492 n.2, 497 n.37, 499 n.41 n.44, 543 n.17 Rev. Abner Jackson (Meth. Min. PA/OH), 83, 432 n.17, n.18, n.20, 437 n.56, 444 n.13, 453 n.18, Abner Woodworth (creditor of JSS, NY, 1822), 372 abolitionists, 524 abominable, 461 abomination, 107 Aborigines / aborigines (see also Indians): viewed as Lost Tribes descendants by SS, 41 American antiquities and SS, 310 their ancestors viewed as Christians by S. Rigdon, 311 abortion, 155 abortive, 266, 268, 522 Abraham: Abraham Fish, 294, 376 Col. Abraham Edwards (merchant, Detroit, MI), 383, 384 Abram: Abram Cornell (farmer at Bettsburg, NY), 189 Abram J. Fiske (of Cleveland, OH), 247 Abram Willard Benton (b. 1805), 359 (see also 552 n.17) abridged, 529 absence, 50, 69, 93, 96, 105, 129, 135, 191, 215, 231, 234, 240, 289, 342, 390, 408, 531 Absolom: Absolom Peters (Am. Home Missionary Soc.), 331-2 absorbed, 505 abstracted, 530 Abstracts, 461, 474, 483 absurd, 39, 89, 541 Absurdity, 434, 477 abusive, 481 academic, 25, 28, 29, 31, 429, 468, 490, 545 academics, 233, 385, 386 Academy, 25, 68, 109, 122, 125, 390, 431, 464, 468 accept, 10, 49, 59, 94, 100, 140, 153, 178, 272, 299, 301, 305, 316, 359, 361, 384, 403, 480 accepted, 33, 60, 69, 100, 112, 167, 177, 210, 237, 250, 273, 355, 486, 501, 516, 540, 550, 554, 556 access, 28, 278, 468, 480 accompanied, 24, 113, 129, 142, 163, 170, 239, 257, 284, 293, 323, 485, 519 accompany, 190, 466 accomplish, 169, 257, 307, 440, 500 accomplished, 33, 55, 78, 233, 281, 313, 326, 352, 358, 427, 541 account, 23, 27, 31, 33, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 46, 50, 60, 61, 67, 68, 72, 84, 86, 90, 91, 92, 102, 114, 117, 123, 130, 131, 149, 151, 164, 168, 172, 179, 180, 183, 203, 204, 211, 222, 238, 240, 244, 256, 262, 263, 272, 294, 297, 305, 308, 310, 311, 312, 324, 332, 337, 352, 356, 365, 367, 369, 370, 373, 376, 402, 432, 438, 440, 445, 454, 455, 458, 459, 460, 462, 467, 472, 484, 485, 488, 491, 500, 502, 503, 505, 506, 515, 521, 525, 526, 529, 537, 540, 542, 543, 545 accounting, 432 accounts, 23, 34, 81, 141, 170, 179, 181, 190, 206, 207, 211, 237, 258, 300, 305, 308, 310, 314, 316, 325, 345, 347, 385, 434, 448, 455, 462, 465, 470, 479, 484, 486, 498, 519, 530, 545, 551 accusations, 519 accuse, 48, 448 accused, 35, 156, 168, 174, 188, 272, 273, 362, 521, 531 accuses, 436 accusing, 12, 155, 174, 283, 510 acedote, 398 Achilles street, Rochester, NY, 519 Achsah: Achsah Gates Fuller (1784-1843), 260, 415, 419 Achsah Cowdery (b. 1807), 409 Acker, 502 acquired, 69, 101, 188, 242, 255, 257, 405, 458, 470, 541 acquitted, 300, 326, 381, 524, 530 Acts and Laws Passed by the Leg. of VT (see biblio), 494 n.17 actuated, 35, 436 Acworth, 481 ad hominem: LDS ad hominem attacks upon D. P. Hurlbut, 74 Adair's, 540, 541 Adams, 13, 167, 353, 435, 436, 513, 516, 525, 529 Adamson, 100, 101, 103, 111, 174, 285, 286, 310, 311, 312, 336, 340, 459, 466, 467, 535, 542 addicted, 75, 200, 390, 441, 509 addiction, 544 Addison, 359, 477 Address, 315, 461, 520, 521, 540, 544, 547, 549, 554 adept, 213, 544 administer, 459 administered, 434, 509 administrative, 485 administratrix, 123 admirer, 439 admission, 88, 156, 166, 270, 277, 436, 449, 526, 528, 541 admit, 15, 30, 140, 176, 177, 209, 277, 361, 364, 369, 446, 553 admitted, 100, 122, 159, 172, 202, 206, 215, 255, 266, 299, 442, 449, 487, 501, 516, 528 Adoniram: Rev. A[doniram] J[udson] Bonsall (Bap. min., Rochester, PA), 152 adopted, 46, 225, 402, 442 adulterer, 436 adulterers, 110, 121, 167 adultery, 35, 154, 436, 481 Advertiser, 224, 249, 271, 412, 431, 490, 494, 499, 502, 505, 511, 512, 513, 515, 519, 525, 538 advisor, 511 Advocate, 179, 248, 249, 262, 264, 278, 279, 436, 451, 459, 465, 466, 470, 481, 483, 485, 489, 510, 511, 514, 515, 518, 521, 522, 523, 524, 534, 537, 540, 546, 552 affair, 35, 57, 70, 71, 72, 73, 104, 150, 196, 198, 269, 301, 303, 338, 383, 384, 443, 448, 533, 539, 550 Affair, 251, 266, 270, 271, 273, 278, 279, 300, 304, 326, 362, 382, 387, 505, 524, 525, 526, 527, 528, 529, 530, 532, 534 affairs, 153, 155, 157, 242, 362, 440, 490 affidavit, 51, 54, 160, 302, 319, 322, 464, 545 affidavits, 47, 48, 51, 54, 57, 58, 75, 181, 396, 398, 466, 554 Africa, 489, 511 Afton, 521 Age, 519, 520 Ages, 429, 471, 492, 493 agency, 110, 114, 170, 189 agent, 10, 120, 128, 180, 255, 264, 354, 364, 372, 463, 508, 510, 522, 523 agents, 226, 353, 506 Agnes, 460 Agnew, 437 agree, 82, 114, 115, 188, 190, 192, 229, 242, 269, 277, 292, 297, 299, 369, 459, 480, 495, 505, 506, 551 agreed, 53, 148, 162, 171, 231, 232, 234, 257, 274, 293, 299, 301, 305, 311, 348, 380, 478, 506 agreement, 37, 61, 66, 92, 380, 432, 438, 476, 506, 518, 523, 551 Agreement, 268, 374, 432, 444, 492 agreements, 296, 376, 440 Agricultural, 434 Ailing, 485 Alanson, 249, 511 Albany, 227, 426, 427, 505 Albany-Buffalo, 426, 427 Albert, 375, 530 Albion, 40, 84, 227, 229, 256, 257, 260, 263, 265, 279, 415, 422, 504, 512, 513, 517, 518, 523 alcohol, 544 alcoholism, 542 Alden, 339, 421 Alderman, 161, 162, 479, 531 Alexander, 54, 103, 153, 170, 195, 204, 212, 311, 335, 336, 341, 342, 345, 354, 364, 423, 438, 443, 454, 460, 461, 462, 465, 466, 467, 482, 498, 499, 507, 522, 542, 548 Alfred, 113, 429, 431, 439, 440, 455, 465, 478, 486, 488, 493, 519, 543, 549 Algernon, 353, 354 Algiers, 516 Allaben, 492, 534, 555, 557 Allegany, 254, 255, 353, 394, 422, 488, 512, 513, 516, 517, 528, 549 allegation, 165, 167, 168, 195, 196, 220, 481, 555 allegations, 30, 103, 155, 167, 249, 439, 444, 450, 466 alleged, 13, 31, 34, 47, 53, 65, 103, 153, 160, 177, 180, 187, 203, 204, 213, 259, 266, 271, 301, 306, 330, 334, 353, 355, 359, 379, 387, 402, 417, 425, 441, 449, 481, 522, 533, 543 allegedly, 23, 74, 101, 154, 167, 206, 221, 268, 271, 293, 294, 300, 305, 306, 311, 314, 346, 365, 373, 375, 381, 384, 386, 402, 432, 436, 441, 442, 448, 488, 499, 523, 537, 538 alleges, 537 Alleghenies, 156 Allegheny, 85, 102, 103, 147, 156, 224, 225, 335, 336, 438, 457, 458, 462, 463, 464, 467, 469, 470, 474, 475, 478 Allen, 171, 423, 438, 451, 482 Alley, 27, 120, 280, 470 Alling, 503, 536 Almanac, 119, 482 Almanack, 471 Almon, 284, 285, 286, 313, 413, 416, 417, 422, 535, 543 Alonzo, 183, 192, 460, 477 aloped, 396, 407, 555 alphabet, 442 alterations, 177, 307, 433 altered, 60, 61, 63, 79, 85, 197, 262, 300, 386, 449, 483 Alumni, 432 Alva: Alva (or Alvah) Beaman (or Beman � 1775-1837), 358 Alva Hale (br. of Emma Hale), 377 Alvah, 232, 238, 239, 300, 358, 485 Alverson, 495, 496, 511 Alvin, 179, 221, 222, 225, 227, 228, 238, 239, 243, 300, 310, 340, 343, 372, 373, 377, 485, 486, 502, 503 Amanda, 251, 258, 515, 550 Amanda Thoughtful, 515 amanuenses, 24, 240 Amasa: Amasa M. Lyman (LDS apsotle), 156, 544 n.26 Amativentess, 436 ambassador, 358, 531, 532 Amboy, 450 Ambrose, 284, 285, 286, 289, 408, 413, 416, 417, 422, 509 Amelia: Susan Amelia Harvey (1821-92), 508 n.39 amended, 441 Amenia, 507 America, 4, 17, 23, 24, 27, 40, 41, 42, 43, 45, 46, 48, 50, 62, 63, 78, 79, 86, 87, 88, 142, 180, 183, 216, 222, 310, 386, 404, 452, 454, 464, 472, 474, 478, 494, 498, 526, 542, 555, 557 American, 14, 16, 18, 23, 24, 27, 40, 44, 50, 60, 78, 81, 82, 84, 86, 87, 152, 216, 227, 230, 241, 258, 259, 329, 332, 356, 357, 384, 403, 430, 433, 442, 447, 451, 453, 454, 460, 464, 471, 472, 477, 478, 480, 483, 484, 488, 489, 494, 500, 501, 512, 519, 534, 540, 546, 553, 554 Americans, 382 Ames, 272, 525, 531 Amherst, 390 Amhurst, 204, 342 Amistad, 546 Amity, 4, 25, 70, 71, 78, 80, 90, 91, 108, 122, 123, 124, 125, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 141, 142, 148, 163, 164, 175, 176, 197, 352, 401, 402, 430, 457, 471, 472, 473, 474, 475, 476, 477, 556 ammend, 441 Among, 13, 33, 69, 132, 187, 205, 225, 266, 280, 375, 402, 430, 444, 464, 466, 472, 475, 476, 518, 524, 526, 527, 546, 547 Amos: Mrs. Amos Dunlap (neice of Phoebe Brooks Rigdon), 162, 480 n.33, 542 n.6 Amos Sutton Hayden (Campbellite historian), 171, 310, 447 n.31, 459 n.15, 482 n.11, 542 n.6, 555 n.2 Amos Crosman, 420, 496 n.31 Amos Kellogg (lawyer/judge, early OH), 435 Amos Daniels (anti-LDS, 1834 OH), 438 n.68 Amos Cunningham (br. of Artemas Cunningham) 439 n.73 Amwell, 131, 132, 471, 472, 473 Ana, 402, 479 analysis, 49, 78, 153, 166, 193, 242, 290, 363, 437, 490 ances, 457 ancestor, 213, 513 ancestors, 286, 513 ancestral, 474 Ancestry, 498 ancient, 23, 46, 47, 49, 60, 78, 79, 81, 82, 85, 86, 107, 163, 169, 178, 188, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 240, 293, 294, 295, 309, 312, 313, 315, 336, 357, 358, 360, 363, 367, 371, 373, 374, 375, 376, 383, 384, 386, 387, 404, 417, 430, 442, 445, 446, 452, 460, 538 Ancil, 537 Anderick, 244, 245, 290, 323, 324, 333, 347, 348 Anderson, 75, 147, 441, 451, 464, 465, 468, 471, 477, 485, 490, 491, 493, 505, 531, 544, 551 Andersons, 491 Andover, 499 Andrew: Andrew Cochran (early Conneat area res.), 52 Rev. Andrew Clark (early Bap. min., PA), 100, 458 n.10 Andrew Jackson (7th US pres.) 267 Andrew Kingsbury (landowner 1820, OH), 414 Andrew Carnegie (1835-1919 � Am. Industrialist), 441 Andrew F. Smith (auth. � see biblio.), 478 n.16 Andrew Jenson (LDS historian), 492 n.4 Andrew Newcomb and his Descendants (see biblio.), 519 n.103 Andrews: Cobb, Andrews & Co. (pub. � see biblio), 393 anecdote, 102, 180, 398 anecdotes, 199, 469 Anicdote, 399 angel (see also specific names in lit. index): if an angel did not appear to JS, then Mormonism is an imposture, 6 the Angel Moroni allegedly visited JS in NY, beginning in 1823, 23, 178-80, when finished translating JS allegedly returned plates, etc. to the angel, 24, 380 the real source for the BoM was not an angel, but the author SS, 25 John C. Bennett said JS only pretended to have plates taken by an angel, 155 JS said that the angel forbid his showing the golden plates to others, 178, 232 JS in early account said only an angel appeard to him, not persons of godhead, 179 JSS family did not act as if JS were receiving visits from angels, 180 the Angel Moroni allegedly told JS that gold plates were hid in Hill Cumorah, 183, 232, 293, 296, 373 JS said when angels gave him the plates devils and heavenly host fought at hill, 185 three witnesses testified that an angel laid the golden plates before them, 186 the promised avenging angel failed to appear in the 1801-02 Wood Scrape, 213 the spirit JS first claimed guarded the plates turned out to be an angel, 219-21 JS did not pretend to have angel vists until after 1827 receipt of the gold book, 222 S. Rigdon pretended to have angelic visits before his 1830 LDS conversion, 230 JS said he was compelled to receive and translate the plates by the angel, 240 JS�s money-digging actions differ materially from his account of the angel, 240-1 2 S. Rigdon swore to his son that JS told him only the angel appearance story, 351, JS claimed that the angel told him in 1827, he must quit his money-digging, 376 J. J. Moss, an early Kirtland resident, told how to manufacture an angel, 389-94 Judge J. K. Noble recounted story told him about LDS devil, angel, etc. 399 some accounts say JS referred to his angel visitor as �Thum Moroni,� 484 n.24 some early LDS accounts say that the angel�s name was Nephi, 484 n.24 JS�s mother said Mormonism began after first angel visit (ca. 1826), 485 n.32 Brigham Young personally knew much about angel giving JS the plates, 500 n.44 LDS believe that Angel Michael is the patriarch Adam, 538 n.42 angelic: S. Rigdon claimed angelic visitations even before converting to LDS, 230 JS and O. Cowdery claimed angelic encounter with disciples Peter, James & John, 330 J. J. Moss supplied rational explanation for angelic apparitions among early LDS, 361 JS claimed all-night angelic visitation in 1827, 373 angels: as reported by JS, 180, 185, 222 how to manufacture by fraud, 391, 393 Mormon avenging angels (see also Danites), 544 n.26 Angelica, 224, 226, 228, 254, 255, 257, 258, 259, 385, 422, 512, 513, 516, 517, 518, 528, 538, 539 Angelican, 224 Ann, 122, 212, 343, 471, 498 Anna, 67, 216, 431, 445, 446 Anne, 102 anniversary, 234, 378, 508 annotated, 404, 405, 409, 416, 495 annotation, 263, 495 Announcement, 345 annual, 144, 231, 286, 313, 339, 343, 375, 376 Annual, 270, 482, 484, 528 anonymous, 453 Anschutz, 470 Ansel: Dr. Warren Ansel Cowdery (1788-1851), 212, 514 n.68 Ansel Cowdery, 270, 495 n.29 Anthon, 187, 198, 199, 203, 311, 377, 386, 387, 538 Anthon Transcript, 386, 387 anthropologists, 550 anti-Banking, 481 anti-Hurlbut, 38 Anti-Mason, 533 antimasonic, 266, 270 anti-Masonic, 198, 304, 476, 490, 511, 527 Antimasonic, 524 Anti-Masonick, 525 Antimasonry, 524 Anti-Masonry, 524, 525, 526, 528, 529, 534, 544 anti-Mormon, 23, 30, 31, 33, 35, 38, 39, 40, 66, 68, 167, 196, 368, 389, 441, 488, 556 Anti-Mormonism, 37 anti-Mormons, 31, 59, 75 antiquarian, 97, 251 antiquities, 40, 46, 50, 310 Antiquities, 432 antiquity, 81, 107, 109, 180, 386 anti-slavery, 77, 524 anti-Smith, 36 anti-Spalding, 31, 156 Antonio, 544 apochryphal, 126 apocryphal, 13, 538 apologist, 87, 104, 128 apologists, 17, 24, 50, 73, 116, 119, 138, 140, 441, 465, 544 apologized, 518 apology, 315, 518 Apology, 489 apoplexy, 418, 502 apostate, 171, 180, 196, 248, 359, 450 apostatized, 503 apostle / Apostle/ apostles (LDS) Apostle John Taylor, 6 (quote) council (Quorum) of 12 LDS Apostles, 7, 18, 158, 246, 466 n.59 Apostle Orson Hyde, 71 (quote), 159, 531 n.169 Orson Hyde, Missionary, Apostle� (see biblio.), 548 n.97 Apostle Parley P. Pratt, 113 Apostle Spencer W. Kimball, 431 Apostle George A. Smith, 443 n.5 Quorum of the 12 Apostles: Minutes of Meetings (see biblio.), 514 n.68 latter day apostles (as viewed by S. Rigdon), 169, 460 n.24 apostolic, 313 apothecary, 525 Appalachian, 188 apparatus, 254 appellation, 430 append, 117, 157, 443 Appendix, 5, 131, 346, 361, 371, 383, 389, 395, 401, 403, 407, 415, 425, 501, 517 apple, 323 Applegate, 535 Appleton, 471, 485, 490, 499, 504, 537, 540, 546 Appleton's, 540 appointment, 37, 103, 205, 384, 434, 491 apprehended, 553 apprentice, 221, 226, 227, 228, 242, 244, 257, 258, 298, 299, 300, 359, 385, 518 apprentices, 224, 227, 241, 257, 280, 507, 508, 539 apprenticed, 241, 242, 243, 246, 247, 251, 257, 504, 507, 508, 519 apprenticeship, 100, 225, 241, 242, 247, 248, 251, 326, 481, 504, 512, 520 Approaches, 552 aquainted, 441 Arad, 513, 517, 518, 522 Arbor, 498 Arcadia, 220, 221, 230, 231, 233, 283, 284, 285, 301, 304, 332, 416, 417, 419, 499, 509, 522, 524, 610 arcane, 309 Arch, 265, 268, 272, 280, 488, 497, 514, 524, 525, 527, 528, 529, 549 archaeological, 454 archaic, 62, 81, 121, 202, 387, 437, 456 architecture, 369 archives, 20, 435, 438, 458, 506, 525, 526, 549 Archives, 214, 425, 433, 441, 443, 446, 448, 455, 461, 484, 485, 491, 492, 498, 503, 509, 511, 515, 523, 528, 532, 533, 535, 536, 537, 538, 540, 541, 544, 545, 550, 555, 557, 608 Archivist, 92 area, 29, 33, 34, 38, 39, 40, 43, 44, 51, 53, 58, 63, 64, 67, 68, 71, 72, 75, 87, 100, 103, 105, 113, 119, 128, 131, 132, 133, 138, 153, 167, 177, 178, 179, 181, 196, 197, 204, 205, 213, 214, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221, 226, 229, 230, 231, 242, 252, 254, 261, 266, 276, 285, 286, 287, 289, 301, 304, 317, 342, 343, 356, 373, 374, 379, 382, 383, 384, 404, 405, 408, 409, 410, 418, 419, 423, 425, 426, 428, 432, 438, 444, 446, 450, 468, 472, 475, 487, 491, 492, 495, 496, 498, 502, 504, 508, 514, 522, 523, 527, 528, 535, 537, 540, 543, 545, 548, 549, 555, 557, 577, 622 areas, 59, 103, 136, 137, 374 argue, 10, 14, 88, 90, 94, 95, 135, 140, 144, 205, 207, 242, 308, 368, 490, 492 argued, 24, 31, 80, 141, 203, 207, 314, 364, 435, 454, 471 argues, 48, 491 arguing, 10, 64, 485 argument, 28, 32, 51, 78, 79, 82, 89, 112, 113, 141, 149, 150, 166, 233, 256, 272, 352, 437, 457, 484, 550 arguments, 18, 28, 99, 103, 117, 140, 288, 550 Argus, 505 Arizona, 525, 526 AR, 552 Arkansas, 361 Arlene: Mrs. Arlene Hess (auth. see biblio.), 488 n.43, 549 n.4, 551 n.11 Arlington, 489 Armington, 290, 291, 292, 293, 297 army, 25, 384, 457 Aron, 33, 43, 48, 50, 53, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 79, 83, 392, 435, 444, 445, 446, 447, 450 arrest, 107, 188, 268, 395, 530 arrested, 69, 72, 266, 269, 274, 281, 283, 375, 381, 395, 397, 447, 630 Arrington, 29, 203, 490, 491, 537 arson: 1826 fire at Republican Advocate, Batavia, NY, 526 n. 144 art, 224, 226, 244, 245, 248, 249, 250, 251, 255, 257, 259, 262, 368, 385, 453, 464, 519 Artemas, 46, 49, 50, 439 Arthur, 4, 51, 52, 59, 70, 156, 161, 181, 195, 286, 291, 337, 390, 399, 435, 436, 437, 439, 440, 442, 443, 448, 450, 452, 455, 477, 479, 480, 486, 489, 506, 535, 542 article, 116, 125, 127, 241, 243, 259, 263, 314, 354, 387, 433, 442, 479, 481, 483, 490, 505, 506, 508, 509, 520, 522, 543, 546, 550 artickles, 462 articles, 107, 199, 203, 332, 372, 489, 511, 540, 543 Articles, 66, 329, 381, 429 artifact, 540 artifacts, 309, 556 artillery, 251 Artist, 464 Artium, 154 arts, 40, 42, 86, 107, 197 Asa: Asa Cowdy (Cowdry / Cowdrey), 408, 414 Asa Kingsbury (b. 1802), 558 n.10 Asa Story (prop. Lockport Journal), 505 n.21 Asael: Asael Smith (fath. of JSS), 217, 495 n.29 Asahel: Asahel Howe (bro. of Eber D. Howe), 75, 481 n.45 Asahel Cooley (of Troy, OH) 410 Asaph: Asaph Stebbins Bemis (b. 1794), 247, 508 .36 Asel: Asel van Druver (see also Azel Vandruver), 485 Ashford, 25, 40, 451, 456 Ashley, 180, 181 Ashment, 552 Ashtabula, 44, 49, 51, 52, 61, 62, 67, 68, 71, 96, 97, 107, 131, 161, 168, 339, 345, 392, 414, 417, 426, 432, 434, 435, 437, 438, 439, 440, 445, 446, 447, 457, 461, 473, 480, 483, 506, 543 Asia, 84 aspersion, 196, 481 assailants, 488 assassinated, 192, 391, 488 assassination, 121, 158, 161, 277, 447, 531, 539 assassinations, 488 assault, 447, 524 assaulted, 168, 440 Assembly, 504 assert, 14, 48, 493 asserting, 325, 347, 349, 537 assertion, 49, 122, 131, 138, 139, 167, 171, 174, 205, 290, 295, 300, 329, 332, 438, 476, 485, 492, 525, 541, 555 assertions, 18, 139, 162, 258, 267, 314, 334, 466, 478 asserts, 372, 435, 449, 527, 543, 554 Assessment, 454 Assessor, 458 associates, 25, 32, 51, 75, 111, 135, 161, 177, 200, 201, 279, 294, 364, 380, 381, 386, 449, 470, 478, 537 Association, 25, 101, 153, 286, 313, 335, 337, 339, 341, 343, 345, 347, 453, 459, 460, 461, 471, 505, 525 astrologer, 500 astrologically, 502 astronomy, 82 Athalia, 101, 353, 460, 488 Athens, 408, 409, 410, 411, 412, 414, 419, 420, 495, 496, 556, 558 Athens/Meigs, 409, 420, 556 Atimus Cuningham (see Artemus Cunningham) Atlas, 463, 534, 535 Attica, 415, 419, 511 attorney, 54, 69, 234, 433, 463 Attourney, 499 attribute, 210, 445 attributed, 110, 181, 199, 238, 258, 369, 447, 473, 481, 483, 502, 517, 551 attribution, 506 Atwater, 171, 310, 343, 482, 542 Atwater-Clapp, 343 Auburn, 334, 385, 426 audience, 13, 83, 171, 439, 458, 550, 552 auditor, 412 auditors, 14, 200 Augustine, 228, 257, 278, 508 aunt, 162, 213, 215, 251, 347, 458, 481, 488, 494, 495, 594 Aurelia, 247, 508 auspicious, 502 Austin, 106, 109, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 214, 215, 327, 333, 344, 348, 349, 359, 441, 458, 464, 465, 476, 546, 547, 552, 555 Austintown, 313, 345 Authenticity, 430 author, 25, 36, 57, 58, 82, 108, 109, 118, 125, 126, 127, 147, 148, 149, 159, 196, 197, 198, 202, 238, 244, 245, 246, 259, 269, 312, 324, 325, 348, 379, 393, 412, 429, 445, 452, 496, 500, 507, 517, 518, 521, 522, 524, 525, 528, 537, 549, 552, 554 authority, 10, 18, 31, 85, 152, 158, 173, 283, 312, 394, 397, 429, 437, 446, 453, 461, 484, 501, 505, 531 authorizing, 531 authors, 15, 47, 223, 356, 367, 369, 372, 405, 411, 430, 432, 444, 445, 451, 454, 456, 458, 463, 470, 472, 474, 479, 491, 493, 494, 496, 497, 502, 504, 505, 507, 508, 515, 528, 546, 556, 557, 558 authorship, 14, 86, 313, 369, 429, 444 autobiographical, 257, 460, 519, 547 Autobiography, 389, 436, 447, 451, 491, 499, 534, 547, 548, 551 autograph, 273 autumnal, 502 Ave., 4, 433, 470 avenging: avenging angel (in 1801-02 �Wood Scrape�), 213 Mormon avenging angels (see also Danites), 544 n.26 averred, 462 avers, 529 avoided, 34, 74, 86, 144, 151, 176, 235, 273, 476, 502 avoids, 256, 506 Avon, 217, 218, 223, 224, 412, 413, 416, 418, 420, 497, 502, 557 avowed, 119, 553 Azel (see also Asel): Azel Vandruver (early res. NY), 485 n.37 Azubah, 215, 216, 284, 285, 413, 414, 415, 416, 417, 421, 494, 535 B BA, 441 bachelor, 168, 252, 434, 499, 502, 528 Bachelor, 25 background, 88, 196, 197, 203, 210, 232, 235, 259, 322, 498, 499, 509, 511, 536, 553 backwoods, 239 Bacon, 530 bad, 26, 32, 53, 73, 74, 129, 166, 174, 227, 229, 244, 269, 305, 320, 372, 373, 378, 426, 449, 464, 481, 500, 520, 528, 536 Badger, 67, 189, 400, 446, 486 Badger's, 400, 486 Badlam, 115, 467 baffled, 384 bail, 70, 81, 275, 375, 530, 554 Bainbridge, 103, 162, 185, 212, 229, 275, 286, 330, 336, 337, 346, 359, 375, 381, 382, 395, 396, 397, 399, 461, 462, 480, 502, 521, 523, 530 bait, 392 Baker, 190, 324, 457, 458, 474, 505, 507 Balance, 243, 505, 511 ballanc, 391 Baldwin, 209, 211, 322, 395, 396, 471, 472, 492, 521 Ballston Spa, 525 Ballymore, 386 Baltimore, 474, 492, 502, 527, 534, 555, 557 band, 192, 222, 454, 457, 537 bank, 112, 353, 488, 510 banks, 60, 85, 183, 445 banking, 481 bankrupt, 89, 463 bankruptcy, 196 Banner, 104, 156, 480 baptism, 162, 190, 204, 206, 310, 334, 346, 354, 390, 434, 460, 491, 532 baptisms, 246, 379, 381, 509 Baptisms, 532 baptismal, 101, 461 Baptist, 14, 20, 28, 100, 101, 103, 105, 119, 120, 137, 152, 153, 171, 172, 174, 178, 207, 225, 286, 325, 328, 329, 331, 334, 335, 337, 339, 341, 343, 344, 347, 354, 378, 458, 459, 460, 461, 462, 477, 478, 482, 483, 484, 500, 504, 532, 547, 548 Baptists, 100, 178, 325, 398, 460, 461, 484, 538 baptize, 529 baptized, 100, 101, 172, 190, 204, 206, 329, 332, 342, 343, 344, 345, 347, 378, 381, 382, 391, 433, 438, 490, 491, 514, 532, 539, 544, 546, 548 baptizes, 341, 344, 378, 381 baptizing, 101, 431, 546 bar, 69, 127, 134, 397, 447 Barbary, 511 Barber, 325 Barden, 375, 537 Barkhamsted, 410 barn, 189, 190, 337 Barnes, 213, 220, 359, 435, 449, 493, 551 Barnum: JS's P. T. Barnum-like talents of showmanship, 97 barrels, 488 Barron, 548 bars, 183, 353, 488 Bart, 368 Bartimeus, 242 Bartlett, 110, 466, 476 Barton, 463 basement, 314 basis, 15, 35, 86, 104, 136, 137, 160, 174, 176, 229, 240, 242, 286, 295, 336, 436, 470 Bass, 201 Batavia, 228, 229, 246, 254, 256, 265, 266, 267, 268, 273, 274, 275, 276, 278, 279, 281, 285, 409, 413, 426, 495, 508, 511, 524, 525, 526, 527, 531, 534, 557 batchelor, 129 Bates, 343 Bath, 252, 421, 422, 512 battle, 24, 85, 86, 89, 123, 126, 364, 391, 454, 457 battles, 41, 86, 126 Bauder, 382 Baumann, 92, 456 Bausman, 477 Baxter, 548 Bay, 87, 217, 218, 219, 221, 418, 453, 454 Bazetta, 285, 286, 535 Beach, 215, 284, 285, 413, 414, 415, 416, 417, 421, 494, 534, 535, 537 Beaches, 284, 286, 414 Beadle, 355, 549 Beaman, 229, 358, 359 beans, 186, 232, 377 bear, 29, 85, 200, 229, 261, 269, 294, 316, 437, 450, 532 bears, 60, 162, 165, 214 Bear�s Oil (Mannasaugas Indian chief, OH), 67 Beard's, 515 Beardsley, 492 beast, 103, 452 Beaver, 100, 105, 458, 459, 477, 478 Beckwith, 216, 411 bed, 44, 52, 102, 112, 228, 394, 453 Bedford, 288, 435 bedroom, 112, 163, 179, 485 Beech, 201 Beers, 513, 557 behavior, 30, 36, 39, 59, 72, 206, 214, 368, 521 Behring's, 84 Being, 129, 136, 484 belief, 35, 40, 128, 135, 172, 205, 225, 262, 280, 358, 460, 490 beliefs, 169, 206, 276, 434 believe, 9, 13, 30, 42, 50, 51, 52, 59, 69, 72, 89, 110, 111, 119, 123, 129, 159, 173, 177, 196, 201, 203, 211, 216, 225, 232, 261, 262, 281, 294, 302, 303, 308, 327, 330, 349, 351, 353, 355, 356, 360, 369, 376, 396, 401, 433, 436, 460, 481, 491, 500, 525, 532, 538, 539 believed, 15, 28, 43, 45, 51, 55, 58, 60, 61, 72, 77, 78, 96, 122, 151, 169, 176, 182, 191, 197, 203, 204, 205, 231, 232, 244, 245, 253, 272, 275, 281, 289, 292, 302, 324, 328, 354, 360, 365, 460, 478, 480, 525, 553, 556 believer, 12, 187, 328, 331, 351 Believers, 315, 521, 540, 544, 547, 549, 554 believing, 54, 178, 296, 392, 545 bells, 92 Belmont, 421 Beloit, 511 Beman, 358 Bemis, 226, 227, 228, 241, 242, 247, 249, 507, 508, 510 Bemus, 67 Benedict, 136, 137 Benjamin, 31, 36, 39, 40, 53, 69, 85, 104, 149, 186, 224, 235, 250, 253, 254, 259, 368, 412, 415, 421, 433, 435, 436, 437, 438, 441, 463, 466, 477, 484, 494, 498, 512, 514, 526, 528, 545 Bennet, 489 Bennett, 154, 155, 156, 160, 175, 197, 198, 199, 203, 207, 294, 295, 326, 333, 346, 458, 461, 478, 479, 488, 489, 490, 491, 537, 546 Bentley, 100, 101, 103, 111, 112, 174, 285, 286, 287, 310, 311, 312, 336, 340, 341, 342, 459, 466, 467, 483, 535, 542 Benton, 13, 198, 359, 393, 395, 544 bequest, 444 Beriah: Beriah Brown, Printer (pub. see biblio), 271, 528 n.150 Berkeley, 480, 553 Berkeley Springs, 480 Berkshire, 406 Bernard, 402, 525 Besancon, 505 Bethany, 268, 278, 409, 410, 411, 412, 413, 419, 420, 482, 495, 524, 526, 557 Bethel, 528 Betsy, 413, 414, 496, 497 Bettsburg, 189 bewitched, 328 Bible (see also Golden Bible, and lit. index): The Holy Bible English Standard Version, 4 JS reportedly did not believe in the Bible, 13 S. Rigdon�s particular passions were history, literature, and the Bible, 100-1 S. Rigdon�s son said his father was very familiar with the Bible, 106, 458 n.7 S. Rigdon alleged (by E. D. Howe) to have made a personal study of the Bible, 101 JS made a persoanl study of the Bible, and then concluded churches were wrong, 179-80 NY printers used the Bible to help punctuate Book of Mormon as it was printed, 191 Martin Harris reportedly knew the Bible by heart, 198 JSS�s family began to be contemplative and to read the Bible, in late 1820s, 202 First LDS believed the Bible foretold their �improvement� in Christianity, 202 S. Rigdon, in 1830, believed the Bible was a revelation from God, 205 S. Rigdon conversed upon the Bible and need for another book of equal authority, 312 S. Rigdon predicted the forthcoming of more complete revelations than the Bible, 313 S. Rigdon attended meeting(s) of the Grand River Bible Society in OH, 340 Robert Spalding helped translate King James or Authorized Version of the Bible, 431 n.6 Rev. R. Patterson was treasurer of the Pittsburgh Bible Society, 468 n.77 JSS in 1830 reportedly said the Bible was much abridged and deficient, 529 n.161 Bible teachings, 9-13 Bible truth, 13 Biblical / biblical (see also lit. index): biblical teaching of Justification rejected by LDS, 11 LDS missionaries conducted services with emphasis on biblical texts, 33 S. Rigdon�s son thought him a great biblical scholar, 100 Bibliography, 470 Bicentennial, 445, 471 Bicking, 433, 463, 477, 479, 483 Bidamon, 540 bilious, 503 bill, 470, 530 Bill, 291, 292 Bills, 536 Billings, 504, 558 Billins, 406, 558 binding, 126, 443 bindings, 120, 520 Bingham, 420 Binghampton, 557 Binghamton, 191, 330 biographer, 15, 47, 88, 159, 167, 170, 211, 270 biographers, 364 Biographical, 211, 353, 432, 469, 484, 487, 491, 503, 506, 513, 522, 523, 529, 536, 539, 542, 552, 557 biographies, 210 biography, 353, 504, 505, 517 Biography, 32, 464, 491, 492, 519, 529, 534, 540, 546 biological, 442 Biology, 392 bipolar, 170 Birdseye, 525 Birmingham, 342 birth, 133, 199, 202, 215, 217, 219, 233, 267, 281, 300, 318, 404, 408, 409, 495, 499, 519, 545 birthdate, 494 birthday, 213, 214, 247, 513, 528 Bishop, 34, 162, 335, 434, 450, 511, 550 Bishops, 341 Bissel, 69 Bitch, 398 Bitton, 29 Black, 184, 246, 391, 393, 463 blacklegs, 510 Blackman, 502 blacksmith, 210, 518 blacksmith's, 518 Blass, 369 blessed, 275, 356, 551 blessing, 273, 404 Blessings, 514 Blish, 339 Blodgett, 526 blood, 174, 184, 398, 405, 443 Bloomfield, 207 Blowers, 188 Bluffs, 433, 531 Bly, 407 Board, 33, 334, 434, 511, 536, 547, 548 boasted, 119, 230, 361, 457 boaster, 503 boat, 67, 204, 206, 207, 220, 221, 246, 326, 332, 342, 345, 361, 384, 476 boats, 479 Boaz, 525 bogus, 188, 510 bombastic, 481 bonanza, 184 bond, 70, 123, 443, 450 bonds, 57, 553 bones, 27, 82, 84, 293, 446 Bonsall, 152 Book: American Book-Stratford Press, 488 Book, 1, 4, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 17, 18, 23, 24, 25, 27, 28, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 36, 37, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 47, 49, 50, 51, 52, 57, 58, 61, 62, 63, 65, 68, 69, 71, 74, 77, 86, 87, 88, 96, 97, 99, 103, 104, 106, 108, 114, 115, 117, 123, 124, 128, 147, 152, 154, 155, 156, 158, 159, 160, 161, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, 181, 186, 187, 188, 191, 193, 196, 197, 198, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 212, 221, 222, 227, 234, 235, 242, 244, 245, 246, 250, 259, 261, 263, 269, 270, 288, 291, 295, 296, 300, 304, 308, 309, 310, 311, 312, 313, 314, 317, 320, 321, 322, 324, 328, 332, 333, 334, 344, 345, 346, 348, 349, 351, 355, 359, 360, 361, 362, 363, 364, 369, 370, 373, 377, 379, 380, 381, 382, 386, 387, 391, 392, 393, 395, 396, 398, 401, 402, 404, 425, 429, 430, 432, 433, 434, 435, 437, 438, 440, 442, 443, 444, 445, 447, 448, 449, 450, 451, 452, 453, 454, 455, 456, 459, 462, 463, 464, 469, 470, 471, 472, 474, 475, 477, 478, 479, 480, 481, 483, 484, 487, 488, 490, 491, 492, 497, 498, 499, 500, 501, 504, 506, 509, 510, 511, 514, 515, 519, 520, 521, 522, 523, 524, 529, 530, 531, 536, 537, 539, 540, 541, 542, 543, 544, 545, 546, 548, 549, 550, 551, 552, 553 bookbinder, 191, 475, 508 book-binding, 126 bookbindings, 120, 135 Bookcraft, 433, 490, 493 booklet, 315, 469, 478, 531 books, 9, 15, 45, 48, 66, 71, 79, 86, 91, 99, 118, 119, 120, 126, 144, 148, 175, 218, 219, 226, 228, 246, 248, 259, 291, 321, 352, 363, 385, 401, 423, 429, 445, 462, 464, 467, 468, 470, 519 bookseller, 463 booksellers, 28, 119, 120, 247 bookselling, 27, 143, 164, 468 bookstore, 105, 126, 127, 143, 175, 226, 465, 508 bookstores, 144 bookworm, 143 Booth, 53, 196, 359, 389, 503, 533, 550, 552, 555 borders, 188, 394, 493 Boston, 106, 113, 114, 116, 160, 390, 393, 439, 440, 461, 465, 466, 467, 474, 478, 480, 494, 496, 505, 519, 525 Bostwick, 189 bottle, 391 Bottles, 189 boudoir, 168 boundary, 26, 289, 407, 457, 468 Bountiful (BoM place name and city in UT) Horizon Books, Bountiful UT (see biblio.), 548 n.97 bow, 24, 89, 405, 463, 554 bows, 118 bowels, 262, 264, 375, 530 bowls, 129 box, 122, 185, 186, 232, 240, 276, 302, 320, 399, 443, 462, 480, 486, 498, 506, 511, 528, 533, 550 boxes, 257 boy, 132, 143, 170, 225, 261, 412, 444, 480, 499 boycott, 283, 381 Boyd, 463, 475, 477, 482, 543 Boyer, 104, 462 boyhood, 237, 391 Boynton, 34, 433, 449, 450 boys, 99, 104, 143, 162, 185, 190, 191, 261, 317, 321, 384, 522 Brace, 492 bracketed, 405 brackets, 396 Braden, 181, 402, 440, 458, 467, 480, 482, 498, 536, 543, 548, 549, 550, 556 Braden/Arthur, 181 Braden-Kelley, 402, 458, 467, 482, 498, 536, 543, 548, 550, 556 Bradford, 477 Bradish, 241 Bradshaw, 413, 418, 496, 497 brain, 170, 440 branch, 14, 37, 132, 206, 329, 381, 407, 430, 436 Branch, 268, 278, 407, 546, 555 Brandon, 504 Bransby, 531 Brass: Garret (Garrit) Brass, (murdered in OH, 1837), 363, 481 n.44 Brass family of Mentor, OH, 481 n.44 breastplate: ancient relic allegedly recovered by JS, 24, 219 Indian device (said by Ethan Smith to be like Urim & Thummim), 540 n.65 Breathings, 188, 360, 442 breeches, 112 Brent, 552 bretheren, 314 brethren, 32, 46, 161, 173, 204, 205, 304, 316, 327, 336, 345, 362, 364, 425, 510 Brewster, 544 bribes, 453 bribing, 441 Brice, 474 brick, 181, 254, 320, 323, 341, 461, 483, 525 Brico, 125 bride, 72, 168, 375 Bride, 161, 479 brigade, 475 Briggs, 69, 438, 439, 443, 447 Brigham, 29, 46, 68, 128, 154, 155, 156, 158, 159, 162, 172, 174, 189, 265, 309, 353, 358, 360, 364, 430, 433, 434, 451, 454, 458, 466, 467, 470, 472, 475, 478, 479, 480, 483, 487, 488, 492, 498, 500, 501, 505, 506, 531, 542, 544, 551, 553 Brighton, 152, 153, 418, 478, 528 Brion, 410 Bristol, 421, 557 Britain, 60, 88, 464 British, 246, 464, 484 Bro., 313, 450, 534 broader, 25, 210, 348 Broadhurst, 13, 89, 120, 159, 207, 353, 429, 435, 439, 443, 445, 449, 453, 463, 473, 474, 479, 481, 491, 496, 514, 518, 526, 554, 556, 558 Broadhurst's, 353, 481 Brodie, 15, 47, 48, 49, 50, 88, 159, 160, 167, 211, 270, 315, 429, 440, 455, 478, 486, 488, 493, 494, 510, 527, 528, 531, 532, 542, 543, 544, 546, 548 Brodie's, 15, 49 broke, 95, 115, 148, 263, 295, 303, 325, 385, 392, 470, 523 broken, 67, 144, 161, 166, 295, 321, 345, 363, 368, 461, 493 Broken Seal, 525, 526, 534 Brook, 102, 157 Brooke, 219, 497, 498, 506, 514, 525, 526, 527, 528, 554 Brookfield, 101, 285, 459, 535 Brooklyn, 251, 439, 441, 447, 519 Brooks, 101, 102, 103, 174, 285, 336, 341, 372, 438, 459, 460, 461, 462, 483, 531 Broome, 188, 324, 333, 348, 349, 381, 395, 399, 407, 422, 487, 508, 555, 557 Bros., 432, 445, 491, 547, 551 brother, 24, 25, 26, 27, 35, 38, 40, 49, 50, 52, 53, 54, 55, 67, 69, 70, 71, 72, 75, 80, 81, 82, 83, 85, 87, 97, 100, 102, 104, 108, 113, 116, 119, 121, 122, 132, 137, 140, 141, 142, 145, 151, 154, 156, 160, 164, 165, 170, 173, 174, 176, 179, 182, 189, 190, 204, 210, 212, 213, 215, 217, 218, 220, 221, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 246, 248, 249, 250, 252, 258, 260, 262, 265, 270, 275, 278, 279, 283, 284, 285, 287, 289, 292, 293, 300, 301, 303, 304, 305, 306, 307, 310, 315, 321, 322, 327, 328, 329, 330, 334, 336, 353, 356, 358, 360, 363, 373, 376, 377, 378, 382, 384, 391, 405, 406, 407, 409, 410, 411, 413, 415, 416, 419, 420, 423, 424, 438, 439, 441, 442, 444, 449, 451, 456, 457, 460, 461, 462, 464, 465, 466, 469, 472, 474, 475, 476, 478, 479, 480, 481, 486, 492, 493, 494, 495, 496, 497, 499, 502, 503, 510, 511, 513, 514, 515, 516, 517, 518, 524, 526, 527, 528, 531, 535, 536, 541, 542, 543, 544, 545, 549, 551, 558 brothers, 25, 26, 86, 90, 105, 132, 137, 148, 151, 163, 164, 165, 176, 180, 181, 209, 210, 217, 223, 224, 226, 228, 229, 245, 253, 270, 284, 303, 314, 352, 355, 373, 381, 406, 412, 423, 461, 467, 492, 495, 507, 509, 550 brotherhood, 186, 465 brother-in-law, 49, 83, 102, 104, 142, 174, 190, 212, 228, 232, 234, 258, 265, 275, 310, 329, 336, 410, 419, 420, 423, 460, 462, 465, 466, 475, 479, 513, 531, 541, 551 Brown, 269, 271, 433, 441, 463, 477, 479, 483, 525, 526, 528, 548, 554 Browns, 443 Brownback, 528 Bruce, 272, 273, 274, 326, 382, 510, 529, 546, 552 Bruner, 513 Brush, 187 brute, 490 Brutus, 509 Bryan, 14 Bryant, 511, 532, 533 Buchanan, 460 Buck, 468 Buckeye, 536, 547 Buel, 51, 52, 195 Buffalo, 147, 225, 246, 249, 278, 330, 384, 418, 426, 427, 428, 445, 497, 503, 507, 508, 509, 517, 524, 525, 544, 547, 554, 556, 557 Buffalo-Canandaigua, 509 Buffalo-Kirtland, 509 Buffalo-Syracuse, 330 Buffaloe, 132, 461, 473, 547 Bugle, 531 build, 27, 36, 52, 74, 112, 141, 183, 483 building, 26, 40, 43, 84, 86, 87, 101, 140, 148, 150, 191, 379, 384, 461 buildings, 148, 165, 279, 280, 309, 470, 517 buisness, 303, 305 Bulletin, 444 bulletproof, 488 bullet-proof, 353 bullion, 264 Burgess, 314, 315 Burgundy, 475 burial, 27, 67, 68, 85, 123, 132, 188, 309, 454 burials, 473 buried, 40, 41, 46, 124, 147, 178, 182, 183, 185, 202, 227, 232, 239, 314, 358, 432, 438, 447, 458, 469, 472, 473, 476, 477, 484, 486, 493, 500, 511, 530, 535, 551 Burlington, 204 burn, 163, 266, 268, 269, 358 Burned-over, 440 Burnet, 552 Burns, 556 Burr, 426, 547 Burrage, 272 burying-grounds, 446 burying-places, 445 Bush, 87, 88, 92, 93, 433, 453, 455, 456, 466 Bushman, 356, 550 Bushman's, 356 business, 25, 26, 42, 44, 45, 53, 65, 66, 74, 77, 79, 92, 103, 110, 111, 118, 119, 120, 125, 135, 143, 144, 145, 148, 149, 157, 164, 165, 166, 173, 176, 184, 189, 197, 206, 220, 226, 234, 247, 259, 262, 275, 286, 289, 296, 297, 328, 329, 330, 384, 386, 387, 440, 462, 463, 464, 467, 468, 469, 470, 475, 479, 488, 506, 510, 511, 526, 533, 541 businessman, 247, 508 butcher, 120 Butler, 198, 463, 464, 490, 534 Butts, 334, 547 Butts's, 334 Byron, 410 BYU, 159, 481, 485, 490, 494, 510, 514, 522, 531, 537, 544, 546, 551, 552, 554 C cabin, 26, 67, 141, 180, 204, 212, 225, 286, 372, 404, 472, 541, 557 cabinetmaker, 186 Cable, 525, 526 cadastral, 289, 462 Cadastral, 534 Cadillac, 550 Cadwallader: Mitchener Cadwallader, 505 Cady, 268 Caesar's Orations (see Cicero�s Orations), 222 Cahoon, 369 Cairns, 521 Calamity, 553 Calif., 402, 435, 443, 450, 452, 477, 479, 489, 492, 493, 497, 506, 509, 513, 514, 515, 516, 529, 534, 535, 538, 540, 542, 549, 553, 557 California, 324, 472, 489 calomel, 179 Calvin, 156, 157, 158, 377, 399, 486 Cambellites (see Campbellites) Cambridge, 431, 432, 497 Camp, 191, 192, 467, 520 campaign, 35, 232, 511 campaigns, 403 Campbell, 103, 153, 170, 195, 196, 204, 212, 310, 311, 313, 335, 336, 341, 342, 345, 354, 364, 460, 461, 462, 463, 465, 466, 482, 499, 542, 548 Campbell-McCalla, 335 Campbells, 153, 459, 483 Campbellism, 390 Campbellite, 14, 111, 174, 286, 312, 325, 335, 340, 344, 345, 491, 544 Campbellites, 103, 312 Cambellites, 462 Campus, 484 Canaan, NY home of Parley P. Pratt�s parents during 1820s, 204 Canada, 160, 161, 226, 246, 267, 268, 272, 274, 280, 380, 383, 396, 407, 526, 555 Canadian, 272, 526 Canadians, 272 Canal, 200, 204, 206, 226, 247, 256, 284, 300, 326, 426, 427, 428, 517, 547 Canandaigua, 199, 200, 201, 214, 217, 226, 227, 228, 241, 242, 247, 249, 266, 269, 272, 273, 274, 275, 276, 277, 281, 290, 292, 294, 300, 326, 327, 372, 382, 403, 405, 406, 407, 408, 419, 420, 426, 427, 498, 504, 508, 509, 510, 511, 521, 523, 527, 529, 530, 537, 546, 557 Canandaigua-Freedom, 509 canard, 466, 554 Canfield, 286, 287, 337, 342 Canonsburg, 460, 465, 468, 472, 476 Cant, 501 Canton, 444 Cantwell, 476, 546 canvas, 180 cap, 92, 455 Cape, 201 capital, 13, 43, 187, 308 Capital, 484 Capron, 376 Capt., 493, 520 Captain, 265, 267, 276, 484, 525 card, 97 Card, 438, 439, 507, 532 carding-mill, 190 cards, 96 caret, 396 Carl, 511 Carlos, 291, 292, 314, 467 Carlton, 229, 260, 261, 415, 419, 521 carnal, 238 Carnegie, 66, 136, 175, 435, 441, 461, 464, 469, 470, 472, 475, 547 Carolina, 368 Caroline, 480 carpenter, 91, 124, 180, 228 Carrolton, 353, 354 Carter, 369, 525, 542 Carthage, 440, 488 Carvil, 104, 462 Caspar: misprint for Casper, WY (see biblio.), 494 n.22, 534 n.3 Castle, 474 Castrensis: Fossor Castrensis Ago (motto of Pittsburgh Pioneer), 465 n.54 Caswall, 187, 188 catalog, 525 catalyst, 148, 299, 357 Cataraugus (see Cattaraugus) catching, 239, 326 catechism, 116 category, 411 Catherine, 291, 292, 318, 545 Catholic, 18, 383 cat's paw, 396, 555, 556 Cattaraugus, 228, 254, 255, 266, 353, 354, 394 (as Cataraugus), 394, 418, 420, 421, 502, 512, 513, 514, 516, 525 cave / caves: chamber inside Hill Cumorah holds ancient records, 23 chamber inside OH mound holds fictional records, 46, 60 silver deposit left by Spaniards in NY cave, 211 silver deposit left by Spaniards in PA cave, 262 Chase seer stone makes caves� interiors visible, 371 caveat: in 1825 newspaper notice, 102 caveat: standards� be applied� to both sides of authorship question, 369 cavity / cavities: silver deposit left by Spaniards in PA cave, 262 giant human bones taken from cavities in Conneaut mounds, 446 n.22 SE cornerstone of Kirtland Temple: cavity may hold writings, 370 Cawdery, 412 Cayuga, 191, 246, 507, 509, 538 Cedarvale, 548 Celebration, 471, 473, 494 cemeteries, 132, 445 cemetery, 187, 444, 493, 551 Cemetery, 68, 432, 438, 439, 458, 469, 472, 473, 500, 534, 535 Censor: Fredonia (NY) Censor: 484, 454, misprinted as Freedonia (PA) Censor: 485 censure, 489, 541 census, 47, 83, 102, 131, 132, 133, 141, 181, 207, 214, 215, 216, 218, 252, 266, 325, 405, 408, 409, 410, 413, 414, 415, 416, 417, 418, 444, 451, 465, 469, 473, 474, 479, 494, 495, 496, 497, 499, 514, 518, 524, 527, 528, 545, 557, 558 censuses, 408, 445, 496, 500, 509, 557 Centennial, 403, 446, 471, 473, 488, 494, 495, 516, 517, 519, 549 Center, 287, 336, 337, 338, 342, 458, 484, 546 Central, 87, 454, 460, 526 Centre, 535 Century, 503, 526, 557 Cephas, 123, 128, 130, 132, 251, 401, 430, 457, 472, 473, 474, 556 ceremonies, 84, 430, 524 ceremony, 128, 190, 293, 369, 370, 375, 446, 492 certificate, 164, 245, 268, 495, 518 certificates, 245, 398 certifying, 435 Chagrin, 343, 535 Chalfant, 463 Chamberlain, 359, 381, 395 Champollion's, 555 Chanango, 358 Chancery, 474 Chandler, 343, 344, 442, 534 chapel, 205, 206, 491 Chaplain, 13 Chapman, 432, 522 Chapter, 69, 268, 272, 295, 353, 436, 497, 526, 527, 528, 529, 534, 541 chapters, 73, 83, 90, 94, 163, 164, 356, 385, 450, 485, 488 character, 29, 32, 44, 46, 53, 58, 67, 73, 74, 75, 96, 107, 109, 110, 111, 112, 117, 123, 127, 149, 155, 169, 170, 171, 177, 197, 199, 200, 202, 204, 205, 213, 214, 246, 264, 271, 304, 314, 316, 364, 368, 398, 445, 449, 450, 481, 489, 533, 536 characteristic, 447, 487 characteristics, 91 characterization, 255, 465 characterizations, 250 characterize, 244 characters, 13, 27, 42, 81, 155, 187, 198, 323, 377, 387 Characters, 437 charcoal, 441 Chardon, 59, 70, 72, 168, 338, 342, 447, 448, 449 charge, 11, 35, 102, 116, 157, 166, 167, 168, 174, 219, 266, 269, 274, 372, 435, 439, 457, 460, 468, 477, 510, 553, 554 charges, 35, 36, 69, 71, 72, 272, 274, 381, 395, 400, 447, 449, 460, 466, 467, 510, 530, 550 chariot, 361 charismatic, 489 Charles, 19, 72, 92, 100, 136, 212, 217, 241, 334, 375, 377, 402, 411, 429, 431, 443, 452, 453, 471, 483, 490, 522, 524, 530, 536, 545, 550, 552, 553, 558 Charlotte, 467 charm, 184 charmed, 318 Charter, 527 chartered, 271, 528 Chas., 495 Chase, 180, 182, 186, 319, 321, 322, 333, 346, 371, 376, 447, 459, 482, 486, 498, 537, 542, 548, 555 Chase's, 186, 322, 371, 486, 498 chastisement, 506 Chataqua, 394 chattels, 372 cheat, 239, 506, 510 cheerful, 67, 519 Cheeseborough, 271 Cheesebro, 271 Chelsea, 494 Chemical, 393 Chenango, 189, 211, 231, 264, 289, 374, 375, 395, 396, 502, 521 Cherry Valley, 25, 107, 129, 431, 446 Chesapeake, 87, 183, 454 Cheseboro, 271, 530 Chesebro, 271, 273, 274 chest, 122, 180, 198, 200, 202, 376 chests, 200, 294 Chester, 157, 324, 325, 338, 409, 416, 417, 495 Chicago, 273, 375, 436, 437, 442, 443, 451, 452, 453, 455, 471, 472, 478, 481, 508, 511, 522, 525, 526, 531, 534, 542, 552, 554 chicanery, 308 chief, 24, 148, 185, 234, 364, 457, 470, 475, 490, 508, 510, 551, 555 child, 100, 101, 124, 133, 162, 182, 210, 214, 215, 216, 233, 253, 260, 267, 299, 318, 336, 353, 377, 406, 410, 412, 413, 415, 442, 444, 459, 478, 480, 487, 488, 496, 499, 514, 539, 545 childhood, 284, 545 children, 14, 37, 84, 141, 142, 174, 182, 202, 212, 214, 215, 216, 217, 229, 245, 247, 248, 261, 264, 274, 284, 287, 290, 291, 305, 316, 323, 324, 336, 348, 353, 362, 399, 404, 407, 408, 410, 415, 417, 419, 428, 431, 439, 442, 453, 468, 469, 473, 480, 483, 492, 493, 494, 495, 496, 497, 499, 507, 508, 509, 514, 515, 516, 519, 522, 535, 557 Chile, 87, 454 Chili, 498 Chillicothe, 420 chimerical, 155 Chipman, 503, 517 Chittenden, 34 chloride, 179 chosen, 50, 60, 169, 181, 202, 227, 231, 238, 240, 248, 249, 364, 439, 457, 482, 506, 519 Christ, 4, 7, 9, 11, 12, 17, 23, 67, 103, 161, 177, 178, 179, 181, 206, 209, 212, 286, 315, 334, 344, 379, 381, 389, 431, 433, 444, 447, 454, 458, 463, 467, 478, 479, 482, 484, 491, 492, 498, 521, 535, 536, 537, 543, 544, 547, 548, 549, 550, 552, 553, 554, 556 Christendom, 169 Christian, 9, 10, 11, 12, 15, 16, 33, 60, 82, 86, 88, 109, 134, 177, 311, 335, 336, 341, 389, 392, 445, 447, 460, 461, 466, 519, 525, 526, 536, 547 Christians, 9, 10, 11, 15, 88, 107, 454 Christian Cynosure, 526 Christian Standard, 389, 447 Christianity, 12, 15, 202, 313, 342, 390 Christina, 217, 412, 413 Christmas, 55, 308, 338, 443, 447 Christopher, 292 chronic, 542 chronically, 353 Chronicle, 233, 296, 298, 506, 512, 534, 535, 538, 553 chronological, 317, 449 chronology, 83, 329, 334, 346, 348, 349, 371, 522 church, 9, 10, 17, 18, 23, 25, 29, 32, 34, 35, 36, 37, 69, 75, 100, 101, 107, 113, 153, 154, 158, 159, 161, 171, 172, 173, 177, 178, 180, 192, 200, 203, 204, 205, 206, 230, 248, 273, 277, 285, 286, 308, 312, 314, 315, 327, 328, 329, 330, 331, 332, 335, 338, 342, 343, 344, 353, 355, 358, 359, 360, 362, 367, 373, 379, 382, 392, 405, 406, 430, 431, 445, 449, 451, 458, 459, 461, 463, 466, 467, 469, 473, 474, 475, 476, 477, 478, 481, 482, 483, 484, 485, 488, 491, 492, 503, 511, 514, 520, 521, 532, 533, 535, 539, 540, 541, 542, 544, 548, 549, 551, 553, 556 Church, 4, 7, 9, 17, 20, 23, 28, 29, 34, 35, 36, 38, 47, 52, 58, 67, 71, 74, 75, 78, 99, 100, 101, 109, 111, 119, 129, 148, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 158, 159, 161, 162, 167, 172, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 188, 189, 190, 199, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 209, 210, 212, 225, 248, 261, 262, 285, 286, 305, 318, 323, 325, 329, 331, 334, 335, 344, 351, 356, 358, 360, 369, 375, 378, 379, 381, 382, 405, 411, 416, 425, 429, 430, 431, 433, 434, 435, 436, 441, 442, 444, 447, 448, 450, 451, 452, 454, 458, 459, 460, 461, 462, 463, 467, 469, 471, 472, 473, 474, 477, 478, 479, 480, 481, 482, 483, 484, 485, 486, 488, 489, 490, 491, 492, 493, 494, 498, 500, 502, 503, 504, 506, 509, 510, 511, 513, 514, 515, 520, 521, 523, 531, 532, 535, 536, 537, 538, 539, 540, 541, 542, 543, 544, 546, 547, 548, 549, 550, 551, 552, 553, 554, 556 Church of Jesus Christ (at Kirtland), 161 Church of Jesus Christ, the Bride, the Lamb's Wife (Hinkelite), 479 n.30 Church of Jesus Christ of LDS / Church of Latter Day Saints (see also biblio.): 17, 23, 37, 206, 209, 433 n.29, 444 n.15, 454 n.27, 479 n.18, n.21, 482 n.4, 484 n.24-5, 491 n.19, n.3, 521 n.116, 537 n.32, 544 n.21, 552 n.18, 553 n.25, 554 n.3 Church of Jesus Christ of LDS, Reorganized (see RLDS) 181, 334, 458 n.7, 482 n.12, 498 n.37, 536 n.28, 543 n.12, 548 n.99, 549 n.6, 556 n.2 churches, 18, 140, 157, 177, 178, 179, 180, 329, 341, 390, 472, 477, 532, 533 Churchville, 156, 157, 158 churchyard, 477 Cicero's [Orations]: Orations of Cicero, (in Latin), 222 cider, 192 Cincinnati, 334, 342, 402, 447, 452, 459, 479, 482, 522, 536, 542, 545, 548, 550, 555, 558 ciphers, 386 Circleville, 451 circuit, 28, 101, 287, 336, 450 citation, 404, 436 citations, 54, 62, 371 cite, 32, 437, 441, 486 cited, 30, 33, 62, 103, 179, 181, 280, 404, 447, 455, 460, 466, 498, 503, 506, 512, 518, 530, 538, 541, 556 cites, 433, 453, 475, 485, 492, 522, 532, 542, 543, 550, 551 citing, 159, 172, 430, 491, 517, 548 citizen, 37, 66, 67, 104, 239, 274, 354, 551 citizens, 30, 43, 72, 240, 330, 391, 446, 472, 504, 537, 551 Citizens' Committee, 38, 43, 53, 58, 61, 69, 71, 448, 507 City, 7, 17, 23, 68, 156, 160, 162, 183, 197, 203, 233, 251, 311, 315, 317, 324, 353, 354, 361, 374, 375, 377, 383, 389, 390, 400, 412, 422, 427, 429, 430, 432, 433, 434, 435, 436, 438, 439, 440, 441, 442, 443, 444, 450, 451, 453, 454, 455, 457, 459, 462, 466, 477, 478, 479, 480, 482, 483, 484, 485, 486, 488, 490, 491, 492, 493, 494, 497, 501, 504, 505, 508, 509, 510, 513, 516, 517, 519, 522, 526, 527, 531, 532, 536, 537, 538, 542, 543, 544, 546, 547, 549, 551, 552, 553, 554, 556 Civic: Cleveland Civic Leader (see Cleveland Leader � biblio.) , 443 civil, 24, 293, 375, 396, 500 Civil, 121, 397, 471, 500 civilian, 403 civilization, 42, 84, 97, 227, 230, 357, 455 civilizations, 40, 227, 317, 454 civilized, 27, 82, 84, 254, 455 claim, 14, 25, 85, 92, 100, 196, 198, 224, 234, 305, 306, 336, 346, 347, 348, 367, 378, 415, 430, 431, 436, 482, 483, 496, 518, 556 claimed, 23, 24, 28, 29, 51, 72, 85, 88, 93, 101, 106, 107, 117, 138, 160, 162, 166, 179, 181, 182, 189, 193, 203, 219, 227, 244, 289, 314, 320, 321, 323, 324, 334, 349, 360, 400, 440, 442, 452, 454, 486, 549 claiming, 106, 148, 234, 314, 358, 376, 377, 381, 478, 481 claims, 9, 10, 14, 28, 44, 51, 63, 66, 83, 106, 178, 179, 205, 267, 372, 373, 374, 376, 377, 378, 379, 380, 382, 429, 431, 450, 459, 473, 485, 532, 549 Clairvovants, 392 Clairvoyance, 392 Clairvoyant, 392 clandestine, 177, 229, 357, 527 Orris Clapp: a pious old Deacon of the Campbellite Church, by the name of Onis (msp. Ouis) Clapp, 111 Clapp, 111, 160, 168, 196, 312, 338, 339, 341, 342, 343, 345, 347, 394, 438, 439, 481, 522, 543 Claremont, 493 Clarence, 267, 281, 505, 524, 525, 534 Clarendon, 522, 523, 538 clarified, 104, 174, 349 Clarissa, 341 Clark, 54, 55, 100, 105, 116, 181, 182, 186, 213, 440, 451, 452, 458, 464, 465, 467, 474, 480, 482, 489, 498, 536, 543, 549, 550, 556 Clarke, 508, 558 Clark's, 451, 458 Clarkston, 162 class, 25, 328, 341, 428, 431, 468, 498 classes, 157, 195 classic, 167 classics, 107, 472 classical, 25, 245, 458 Claxton: Claxton, Remson and Haffelfinfer (pub. � see biblio.), 502 Clay, 13 Clayton, 552, 553 Cleaveland, 245, 247, 345, 506, 508 clergyman, 57, 267, 285, 464 clergymen, 23, 100 clerical, 484 Clerical, 201 clerk, 105, 134, 135, 138, 175, 234, 267, 301, 352, 474, 490, 515 clerking, 209, 210 Clermont, 414 Cleveland, 204, 247, 330, 337, 345, 385, 393, 426, 427, 437, 439, 440, 441, 443, 444, 446, 447, 451, 456, 459, 465, 476, 481, 482, 483, 490, 507, 508, 526, 534, 536, 547, 554, 555 Cleveland Civic Leader, 443 Cleveland Leader, 443 Cleveland-Buffalo, 330, 426 Cleveland-Pittsburgh Cleveland's, 427 clients, 229, 423, 513 clipping, 441, 443, 494, 505, 519 cloth, 323, 376, 515 cloth-dressing, 515 clothed, 371 clothes, 393 clothing, 27, 230, 461 clouded, 117, 369 club, 239, 243, 504 clumsy, 487 cluster, 517 Co., 44, 51, 52, 68, 157, 158, 248, 271, 286, 318, 321, 324, 333, 335, 342, 343, 353, 375, 390, 392, 393, 394, 398, 399, 406, 408, 409, 410, 411, 412, 431, 432, 433, 435, 436, 443, 445, 446, 452, 463, 464, 466, 468, 469, 470, 471, 474, 475, 477, 478, 481, 482, 483, 487, 488, 489, 492, 493, 494, 496, 498, 501, 502, 503, 505, 506, 507, 509, 510, 511, 512, 513, 514, 516, 517, 520, 523, 525, 534, 535, 542, 543, 548, 549, 552, 554, 555, 556, 557 coach, 54, 242, 273, 326, 330, 426, 427, 468 coaching, 442 Coary, 457 coast, 60, 454, 472, 511 co-author, 412, 429, 496 co-authors, 493 Cobb, 68, 150, 165, 250, 317, 319, 389, 390, 393, 441, 443, 447, 455, 459, 461, 462, 471, 477, 480, 493, 511, 544, 547 Cobbs, 319 Cobb's, 319 Coburn, 327, 329, 330, 331, 333, 344, 348, 546, 555 Cochran, 52, 453 cock, 219 Cod: a Cape Cod sailor, 201 co-defendant, 326 co-edited, 249 co-editor, 412, 504, 507, 511, 512, 519 co-editor/founder, 512 Co-founder, 209 coffin, 67, 123 Coffin, 531 coincidence, 97, 116, 181, 252, 357, 386, 439, 527 coincidences, 368, 454 coincides, 105, 131, 221, 261, 349, 385, 402, 519 coined, 262, 375, 530 coins, 226 Coitsville, 285, 413, 535 Col. (see Colonel) Cole, Abner: Obadiah Dogberry (Abner Cole -- see biblio.) pub. mention of O. Cowdery, 1830 492 n.2, 543 n.170 Obadiah (msp. Obediah) Dogberry (Abner Cole) pub. "Book of Pukei� (see lit. index), 1830, 497 n.37 Obadiah (msp. Obediah) Dogberry (Abner Cole) pub. earliest extant article on Golden Bible, 1829, 543 n.17 Cole, 218, 219, 222, 489, 492, 497, 498, 499, 543 Colesville, 327, 328, 329, 330, 331, 332, 333, 344, 375, 381, 382, 395, 399, 400, 476, 486, 502, 521, 546, 555 Colesville-Bainbridge-Harmony, 382 colic, 503 Collectanea, 513, 516, 528 collected, 30, 51, 53, 73, 111, 203, 207, 427, 457, 468, 530, 554 Collection, 175, 396, 438, 442, 443, 447, 450, 455, 458, 459, 461, 462, 471, 477, 479, 480, 483, 488, 492, 493, 494, 497, 506, 509, 511, 513, 514, 515, 516, 521, 525, 528, 529, 534, 537, 538, 540, 546, 547, 549, 550, 551, 557 collections, 485 College, 25, 78, 92, 125, 395, 431, 432, 439, 444, 452, 455, 466, 468, 472, 477, 480 colleges, 390 Collington, 188, 189 Collins, 129, 342, 420, 472, 496 Colonel, 25, 131, 403, 432, 472 Col., 96, 123, 128, 129, 131, 163, 217, 272, 274, 383, 384, 386, 422, 430, 453, 468, 472, 473, 505, 507, 528, 557 Colonizer: Orson Hyde, Missionary, Apostle, Colonizer (see biblio.), 548 Colton, 21, 505 Coltrin, 435, 448 Columbia, 377 Columbus (OH): S. Rigdon baptized 45 converts near Columbus, OH, 1830, 344 co-manipulation, 360 command, 27, 40, 307, 472, 542 commands, 373 commanded, 75, 273, 307, 392, 457 commanders, 457 commandment, 379, 381, 487, 541 Commandments, 244, 261, 332, 382, 509, 520, 523, 539, 541, 549 Commemorative, 471 commissioned, 329, 529 commissioner, 514 Commissioners, 33, 434, 472 committee, 43, 53, 70, 231, 248, 289, 290, 524 Committee, 69, 438, 471 common, 10, 40, 42, 65, 91, 123, 124, 143, 164, 176, 190, 211, 213, 240, 259, 263, 275, 309, 313, 390, 391, 396, 399, 445, 456, 457, 493, 510, 535, 556 commonly, 103, 215, 220, 301, 347, 428, 455, 473, 557 Commonwealth, 21, 136, 137, 470, 475 communal, 342, 344 communicate, 315 communicated, 113, 152, 240, 310 communicating, 297, 393 communication, 116, 150, 151, 153, 165, 166, 303, 304, 551 communications, 23, 253 communion, 180, 219, 222 Communism, 392 communistic, 544 Communistic, 313 community, 36, 41, 112, 167, 168, 248, 249, 275, 313, 322, 323, 324, 372, 391, 437 Comorah (see Cumorah) Comoro (see also Cumorah): early LDS pronunciation for Cumorah / Comorah, 454 n.26, 484 n.24 Comoros Islands (Isles Comores): Capt. Kidd visited their capital (Moroni) in 1697, 484 n.24 compact, 279 companion, 222, 391, 448, 449, 500 companions, 34, 88, 222, 295, 376, 377, 454, 483 company, 41, 45, 48, 84, 109, 111, 160, 168, 204, 213, 221, 224, 227, 229, 254, 262, 273, 307, 312, 316, 326, 359, 385, 392, 436, 499, 537, 546 Company, 144, 217, 260, 358, 403, 464, 507 compare, 391, 550 compared, 39, 58, 86, 168, 198, 386, 445, 487 comparison, 64, 86, 433, 447 compass, 82, 310 compiled, 136, 223, 440, 453, 507 Compiled, 520 complainant's, 553 complained, 35, 138, 307, 519 complains, 441 complaint, 58, 59, 72, 275, 302, 328, 365, 443, 447, 553 complaints, 32, 452 complicity, 78, 520 composed, 37, 61, 106, 113, 195, 233, 248, 357, 370, 431, 468, 503 composers, 472 composing, 25, 228, 481, 540 composition, 58, 59, 81, 106, 109, 121, 244, 255, 316, 449, 554 compositions, 368 compositor, 191, 250 compound, 393, 551 comprehend, 166, 327, 404 comprehensive, 334 computer studies, 445 computer study, 445 con, 210, 211, 218, 222, 231, 275, 397, 500, 523 con-artist, 218 con-artistry, 210, 222, 275, 523 conceal, 85, 173, 200, 235, 259, 261, 263, 265, 308, 356, 367 concealed, 85, 185, 188, 373 concealing, 351, 362 concealment, 24, 233, 323, 347, 377 conclude, 94, 170, 179, 203, 213, 223, 298, 310, 316, 427, 499 concluded, 26, 72, 127, 134, 172, 223, 245, 253, 270, 391, 392, 433, 472, 494, 523, 556 conclusion, 29, 43, 59, 61, 62, 65, 83, 96, 155, 195, 197, 205, 250, 348, 356, 363, 368, 494, 518, 556, 557 conclusions, 10, 110, 243, 356, 448, 476 conclusive proof, 550 Concord, 75, 100, 340, 342, 459 Coneaut (see Conneaut) Conesus, 217, 414, 420 confederates, 211, 361 Confederation, 155, 156 confer, 316 conference, 35, 204, 273, 344, 381, 382, 434, 449, 484, 491, 531 conferences, 448 confess, 112, 116, 391 confesses, 345 confession, 35, 159, 211, 311, 365 Confession, 402, 556 confided, 352, 357 confidence, 36, 109, 263, 272, 281, 324, 398, 478 confident, 45, 349, 478 confidential, 398 Conflict, 506 congregation, 14, 33, 100, 205, 206, 286, 328, 330, 340, 345, 354, 431, 468, 474, 483, 491, 550 congregations, 468 Congregational, 109, 337, 405, 411, 416, 431, 442, 451, 452, 494, 519, 540 Congregationalist, 25, 130, 214, 465, 477 Congregationalists, 477 Congress, 4, 130, 445, 457, 475, 490, 524, 526 conjectural, 481 conjecture, 28, 125, 144, 235, 322, 347, 368 conjuration, 219 conjurer, 222, 500 Conkey: Ezekiel Conkey, 407 Joel Conkey, 407 Coneaut, 61, 62 Conneaut, 26, 31, 33, 34, 36, 38, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 55, 57, 59, 60, 61, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 71, 74, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 99, 107, 117, 127, 128, 131, 140, 141, 142, 143, 167, 368, 392, 426, 432, 434, 435, 436, 437, 438, 439, 441, 444, 445, 446, 447, 448, 449, 451, 452, 453, 454, 455, 456, 457, 469, 471, 476, 526, 554 Conneaut-area, 444 Conneautville, 40, 41, 137, 141, 142, 437, 444, 476 Connecticut (Brit. Colony) , 431 Connecticut (US State) , 25, 82, 97, 213, 215, 216, 230, 241, 260, 284, 384, 403, 406, 408, 416, 419, 421, 422, 431, 432, 441, 493, 495, 496, 500 Conn., 40, 403, 407, 408, 410, 415, 422, 431, 451, 453, 456, 464, 493, 494, 495, 504, 507, 508, 513, 535, 557 CT, 405, 406, 408, 410, 413, 528 conned, 537 Conover, 513 conspiracy, 30, 103, 193, 196, 197, 203, 245, 271, 272, 277, 334, 488, 489 conspirators, 47, 229, 269, 273, 300, 326, 357, 358, 488, 528 conspired, 310, 367, 539 conspiring, 553 Constable, 280, 524 Constantine (Roman Emperor: see lit. index) Constantine, MI: 258 Constantine (MI) Republican: 512, 519 Consul: U. S. Consul to Algiers, 516 consumption, 493 consumptive, 211 contamination, 452 contemporary, 16, 59, 72, 159, 172, 207, 448, 478, 491 Contemporary View, 538 contempt, 37, 109, 242, 505, 529 context, 10, 36, 50, 66, 81, 113, 135, 143, 144, 149, 253, 288, 348, 384, 404, 435, 462, 476, 555 contract, 226, 372, 379, 412, 470, 506, 522 contracted, 84, 225, 253, 478, 504 contracts, 409 contract-veritable, 506 contradict, 128, 441 contradicted, 437 contradiction, 166, 489 contradictions, 10, 11, 487 contradictory, 179, 180, 533 contradicts, 144, 179, 462 controversial, 50, 101, 104, 213, 269, 361, 401, 464, 471, 481, 509 controversy, 23, 28, 30, 68, 121, 122, 127, 128, 167, 281, 449 conundrum, 541 Convention, 524 convert, 55, 189, 202, 275, 276, 277, 278, 288, 322, 362, 363 converted, 31, 37, 178, 198, 340, 345, 392 converting, 109 converts, 14, 30, 33, 179, 183, 188, 189, 190, 202, 203, 246, 358, 391 convicted, 168, 272, 273, 275, 465, 481, 523, 530, 539 conviction, 134, 265, 345, 375, 397, 436, 529 convinced, 34, 59, 84, 205, 206, 232, 233, 245, 293, 297, 312, 357, 377, 401, 483, 538 Coodry, 496 Cook: Ziba (Tiba), 131, 132, 473, 474 John Cook Bennett, 154, , 478, 489 Col. Cook, 557 Cookman: Rev. George Grimston Cookman, 13, 14 Cooley, 249, 271, 410, 511 Cooper, 104, 105, 463 co-operators, 240 coopering, 323 Cooperstown, 54, 431, 465 Copely (see also Copley): Daniel Copely, 448, 449 copied, 62, 65, 113, 122, 125, 127, 144, 233, 259, 279, 280, 352, 377, 383, 384, 386, 387, 392, 401, 402, 435, 442, 458, 466, 467, 479, 485, 493, 506, 520 copies, 66, 78, 120, 203, 261, 352, 379, 380, 381, 392, 443, 506, 507, 509, 512, 537 Copley (Copely): D[aniel], 449 coppying, 379, 541 copy, 28, 31, 53, 54, 58, 61, 65, 66, 68, 69, 78, 80, 103, 108, 113, 116, 123, 124, 125, 126, 149, 158, 160, 174, 187, 191, 192, 204, 206, 222, 250, 258, 279, 281, 332, 345, 352, 353, 354, 357, 372, 379, 380, 386, 401, 404, 405, 409, 411, 416, 430, 432, 440, 441, 444, 446, 451, 454, 458, 463, 466, 469, 470, 472, 474, 475, 479, 490, 491, 494, 495, 496, 497, 499, 502, 504, 505, 508, 514, 515, 525, 528, 531, 541, 546, 550, 558 copying, 65, 280, 307, 523, 541 copyright, 4, 148, 280, 348, 379, 380, 506, 539 Coray, 179, 293 Cordilleras, 87 Cornelius: Cornelius R. Stafford (b. 1813), 291, 536 n.26 Cornell, 189, 440, 498 Corners, 267, 277, 535 cornerstone, 369, 370, 541 cornerstones, 369, 370 Corning, 44, 340, 341, 438, 439 Cornwall, 438 Coronado, 462, 482 coroner, 516 Corp, 488, 549 corporal, 430 corporeal, 170 corpse, 373 corpulent, 436 correct, 15, 36, 44, 49, 59, 113, 139, 141, 165, 166, 171, 179, 197, 215, 251, 259, 265, 278, 289, 300, 306, 311, 317, 330, 332, 337, 342, 392, 435, 437, 448, 452, 482, 485, 515, 517, 528, 540 corrected, 38, 64, 334, 454 corrections, 433, 439, 485 corresponded, 326 correspondence, 73, 91, 92, 151, 156, 253, 265, 278, 389, 491, 515, 531 correspondent, 517 corresponding, 317, 349, 446 corroborated, 128, 164, 275 Corroden: Joseph [Corroden] Kingsbury (see biblio.), 554 n.2 corruption, 526 Cortland, 535 Cosmology, 497 Cottrell, 340 Coudery, 250, 512 Coudray, 492, 512 Coudrey, 512 Coudry, 216, 217, 403, 408, 409, 422, 492, 496, 557 Council, 35, 276, 340, 358, 433, 435, 447, 448, 449, 467, 516, 527, 531 councilman, 508 councils, 448 counsel, 32, 67, 395 counseled, 32, 274 counselor, 492 Counselor, 154 counterfeit, 226 counterfeiter, 220, 221, 498 counterfeiters, 186, 213, 396, 407, 494, 510, 555 counterfeiting, 213, 249 Counterfeiting, 510 counties, 218, 228, 245, 255, 405, 413, 417, 478 Counties, 375, 437, 459, 460, 473, 527, 534, 535, 558 country, 28, 31, 34, 40, 42, 43, 46, 48, 57, 60, 67, 71, 82, 84, 99, 101, 112, 113, 124, 126, 141, 168, 183, 189, 199, 200, 240, 251, 255, 259, 262, 274, 294, 304, 310, 311, 384, 426, 436, 469, 487, 532 county, 31, 41, 52, 57, 67, 70, 107, 112, 125, 131, 182, 188, 189, 196, 209, 211, 222, 225, 243, 248, 254, 278, 289, 353, 359, 363, 372, 412, 416, 435, 440, 450, 468, 496, 500, 512, 516, 517, 521, 529, 555 couple, 101, 212, 216, 233, 247, 254, 267, 284, 285, 287, 293, 371, 409, 419, 445, 446, 454, 456, 474, 492, 496, 499, 508, 514, 522, 535 Courier, 175, 199, 201, 505, 506, 508, 511, 537, 546 court, 59, 70, 71, 72, 101, 103, 112, 168, 192, 196, 234, 242, 273, 301, 302, 304, 365, 374, 395, 399, 442, 447, 448, 450, 505, 517, 529, 530, 553 Court, 33, 59, 68, 70, 174, 272, 335, 336, 392, 434, 448, 449, 459, 462, 464, 494, 516, 521, 530, 547 courthouse, 120, 335, 338, 440, 470, 477, 495, 514, 516 court-house, 517 courts, 524 cousin, 120, 132, 133, 137, 151, 204, 206, 213, 215, 217, 224, 226, 227, 229, 230, 231, 233, 243, 247, 250, 251, 253, 254, 255, 257, 258, 259, 261, 266, 267, 270, 284, 296, 300, 344, 363, 368, 370, 384, 385, 404, 406, 409, 412, 415, 419, 420, 421, 422, 423, 431, 438, 439, 442, 450, 451, 465, 474, 493, 495, 504, 509, 513, 522, 526, 535, 556 cousins, 100, 132, 133, 134, 215, 222, 225, 226, 228, 230, 244, 252, 260, 261, 270, 284, 285, 287, 357, 384, 410, 415, 417, 419, 423, 424, 458, 471, 496, 527, 549 covenant, 178, 382 Covenants, 177, 261, 329, 381, 445, 483, 484, 509, 514, 520, 523, 539, 542, 544, 554 cover-up, 235, 362 covet, 542 cowardice, 464 Cowder, 408 OC, 371, 378, 379, 380, 381, 382 OC's � Cowdery, 19, 32, 75, 160, 186, 187, 191, 204, 205, 206, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 230, 235, 237, 238, 239, 240, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252, 253, 254, 255, 256, 257, 258, 259, 260, 261, 262, 263, 264, 265, 266, 268, 269, 270, 271, 275, 278, 279, 283, 284, 285, 286, 287, 288, 289, 290, 291, 292, 296, 297, 298, 299, 300, 301, 305, 306, 307, 308, 310, 316, 321, 326, 327, 329, 330, 331, 332, 337, 344, 345, 346, 356, 357, 358, 359, 360, 361, 362, 363, 364, 368, 369, 370, 371, 378, 384, 385, 386, 387, 389, 396, 400, 402, 403, 404, 405, 406, 407, 408, 409, 410, 411, 412, 413, 414, 415, 416, 417, 418, 419, 420, 421, 422, 423, 425, 428, 447, 449, 450, 451, 486, 491, 492, 493, 494, 495, 496, 497, 498, 499, 502, 503, 506, 509, 510, 511, 512, 513, 514, 515, 516, 517, 518, 519, 520, 521, 522, 523, 524, 525, 527, 528, 529, 531, 532, 533, 534, 535, 537, 538, 539, 540, 541, 544, 546, 550, 551, 553, 554, 555, 556, 557, 558 Cowderys, 216, 218, 221, 224, 270, 361, 404, 407, 409, 416, 494, 533, 557, 558 Cowdery's, 19, 75, 191, 206, 210, 215, 216, 218, 220, 223, 237, 238, 249, 250, 252, 254, 260, 261, 262, 264, 265, 266, 268, 278, 284, 285, 286, 287, 288, 289, 290, 296, 297, 298, 306, 307, 308, 346, 358, 362, 370, 384, 385, 386, 402, 403, 406, 410, 412, 413, 416, 419, 449, 451, 491, 492, 493, 494, 495, 496, 497, 502, 509, 512, 513, 515, 517, 518, 519, 522, 525, 531, 540, 550, 551 Cowdey, 414 Cowdray, 302, 305 Cowdrey, 1, 4, 216, 284, 291, 308, 314, 403, 406, 408, 410, 412, 413, 414, 415, 416, 479, 492, 493, 496, 503, 518, 535, 555 Cowdrey's, 308, 415, 555 Cowdry, 216, 243, 327, 403, 406, 407, 409, 410, 411, 414, 416, 417, 422, 496, 497, 536, 556, 557 Cowdy, 408, 417 Cowelery, 405 Cowerley, 495, 557 Cowels, 552 Cowles, 458, 467 co-worker, 238 Crab, 285 craft, 84, 270, 389, 525 Craig, 120, 135, 156, 157, 158, 463, 470 Cramer, 471, 474, 475 Cramer's, 471, 475 Crane, 439 Crary, 438 cravat, 530 Crawford, 38, 437 crazy, 354 credibility, 28, 36, 47, 137, 139, 140, 141, 155, 167, 168, 179, 243, 325, 433, 465, 545 credible, 30, 31, 369, 447 credit, 26, 93, 182, 190, 202, 263, 325, 337, 384, 432, 505, 510, 545 credited, 110, 167, 255, 262, 294, 314, 376, 402, 512 creditors, 27, 45, 120, 463, 470, 475 credits, 255, 256, 279, 466 credulity, 54, 201, 219, 238, 239, 538 credulous, 17, 161, 183, 211, 222, 238, 302, 331, 358, 360 Creek, 31, 38, 43, 55, 57, 59, 60, 63, 64, 67, 68, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 99, 100, 131, 141, 153, 168, 172, 268, 285, 368, 426, 432, 433, 437, 444, 451, 452, 453, 454, 455, 456, 457, 458, 469, 471, 478, 554 Creigh, 455, 468, 471 crew, 200, 219, 294, 498, 500, 502 crime, 35, 57, 167, 221, 436, 443, 449, 452 crimes, 155, 530, 541 criminal, 268, 274, 359 crisis, 233, 299, 300, 301, 333, 341, 490, 515, 523 critical, 18, 137, 139, 177, 237, 259, 260, 297, 317, 361, 367, 404, 498 criticise, 476 criticism, 106, 367 critics, 50, 121, 151, 355, 367, 368, 504, 556 Critique, 510 Crockett, 508 Croft, 488, 549 Cromwell, 92 Crosman, 406, 410, 411, 419, 420, 496, 515 cross, 69, 126, 185, 284, 334, 365, 371 Cross, 48, 440, 527 cross-check, 334 crossed, 185, 272, 323 Crossman, 216, 406, 496 crossroads, 494, 496 cross-section, 371 crowd, 173, 247, 314, 392, 440 Crumrine, 463, 477, 482, 543 Crying, 462, 482 Cryptic, 525, 526, 527, 528 Cryptic Cable Tow, 525, 526 crystal, 186, 530 CT (see Conneticut) Culbertson, 513 Culpepper, 267 cult, 213, 479 Cults, 429 Culver, 188 Cumorah (BoM location; also a glacial moraine in NY): last great ancient battle took place at this hill, 24, also known as Gold Bible Hill, after 1827, 183 great spiritual struggle there when JS took the record, 185, 404 JS & money diggers made excavation in the hill, 198, 294, 374, 523 n.125. 537 n.34 JS first went to the hill in 1823, led by a spirit, 221 also known as Mormon Hill, after 1827, 239 JS reportedly visited the hill in 1826, 293 as Comorah: JS claimed to find record there in 1827, 321 stage coach ruote ran past the hill, 326 name may have come from that of Comoros Islands, 484 n.24 Abner Cole once owned the land near where hill is located, 497 n.37 �The Hill Cumorah�� 1881 article in Saints� Herald (see biblio.), 528 n.150, 533 n.176, 550 n.9 E. W. Vanderhoof lived near the hill, 545 n.28 Pliny Sexton once owned the land on which hill is located, 546 n.33 Cuningham, 439 Cunningham, 46, 49, 50, 439 currency, 66, 196, 249, 510 curtain, 24, 377, 400, 486 curtin, 396 Curtis, 216, 406, 557 custodian, 272, 474 custody, 222 cut-off, 368 Cuyahoga, 344, 393, 552 Cuylerville, 513 Cyclopedia, 540 Cynosure (see Christian Cynosure) Cyrus: Cyrus Cowdery (son of Joel), 410, 412, 414, 415, 416 Rev. Cyrus Marsh, of CT, 507 D dabble, 92, 255 dabbled, 257, 469 dabbler, 245, 248, 255, 257 dabbling, 257, 259 Daily, 258, 259, 353, 374, 427, 443, 505, 509, 512, 519, 549 Dale: Dale R. Broadhurst, �Preface� to book, 13, 430 n.1 Dale R. Broadhurst, opinion of / info from, 445 n.17, 558 n.11 Dale R. Broadhurst Papers, at Univ. of Utah, 354 Dale Broadhurst, opinion of / info from (see also biblio.), 89, 120, 159, 207, 353, 429, 435 n.45, 439 n.71, 443 n.5, 449 n.40, 453 n.22, 463 n.42, 473 n.104, 474 n. 109, 479 n.27, 481 n.44, 491 n.23, 496 n.33, 514 n.68, 518 n.102, 526 n.146, 554 n.1, 556 n.4, 558 n.11 Dallas, 390 damnation, 274 damned, 169, 274 damning, 73, 303 Damon, 409, 410, 558 Dan: Dan Vogel (auth. see biblio.), 498 n.37, 508 n.39, 521 n.117, 523 n.125, 538 n.37, 552 n.21 Dana, 268, 280 Danbury, 508 Danforth, 550 danger, 229, 300, 457, 487, 489 dangers, 489, 553 Daniel: Dr. Daniel M. Spencer (1793-1848, MD in OH), 97 Daniel Thompson (early resident of Amity, PA), 131 Daniel P. Wells (early resident of Wayne Co., NY), 207, 492 n.23 Daniel P. Wells (LDS leader in Nauvoo and UT), 494 n.23 Daniel Munger (brother-in-law of B. Franklin Cowdery), 228, 258, 519 n.104 Daniel Johns (involved in Wm. Morgan Affair), 268, 280, 526 n.144 Daniel H. Dana (involved in Wm. Morgan Affair), 280 Daniel Agnew (auth. � see biblio.), 437 Daniel Copley / Copely (D. P. Hurlbut�s missionary companion), 448-9 n.40, Daniel H. Ludlow (ed. � see biblio.), 492 n.4 Daniel Dorchester, on Wood Scrape (see biblio), 494 n.17 Daniel Fairchild Alverson (son-in-law of Franklin Cowdery), 511 n.58 Daniel S. Tuttle (see biblio.), 530 n.165 Daniel H. Chandler (JP in w. NY), 534 n.183 Daniel Hendrix (early Palmyra NY area res. � see biblio.) 549 n.111 Daniel B. Turney (probable forger of anti-LDS docs.), 556 n.4 Daniels, 438 Danite / Danites (secret LDS anti-apostate society): no Danites in Kirtland era of LDS history, 391 George W. Harris an influential Danite in MO, 531 n.169 Lyman Wight a Danite leader in MO, 544 n.26 Danold's, 274 Dansville, 518 DAR, 403, 469, 495 Darby, 344 Darien, 45, 50, 86, 87, 88, 453, 454 Darius, 558 dark, 24, 27, 34, 86, 172, 211, 219, 260, 301, 359, 363, 393, 394, 489, 539, 540 darkness, 400, 486 Darlington, 68, 69 Darrow, 272, 326 Dartmouth, 25, 107, 390, 431, 432, 457 Darwin, 171, 310, 343, 542 date, 14, 39, 64, 66, 78, 83, 85, 97, 102, 105, 107, 121, 128, 133, 136, 139, 141, 177, 215, 223, 227, 243, 247, 252, 261, 300, 303, 311, 321, 329, 332, 334, 335, 337, 338, 339, 342, 345, 346, 347, 348, 361, 362, 368, 372, 374, 379, 385, 408, 416, 431, 434, 435, 439, 441, 443, 444, 447, 448, 449, 459, 462, 465, 469, 470, 474, 479, 480, 481, 485, 491, 492, 495, 499, 502, 504, 515, 517, 519, 524, 538, 540, 541, 557 dated, 46, 52, 61, 62, 63, 64, 66, 79, 92, 104, 116, 134, 150, 165, 174, 214, 238, 249, 250, 253, 263, 267, 301, 303, 306, 327, 336, 373, 379, 425, 435, 438, 442, 444, 448, 450, 451, 455, 462, 463, 466, 467, 470, 471, 473, 474, 475, 477, 489, 493, 494, 497, 502, 503, 505, 506, 507, 508, 509, 510, 512, 514, 515, 516, 520, 522, 523, 531, 534, 535, 536, 537, 540, 546, 550, 555, 557 datelined, 546 dates, 60, 86, 104, 134, 141, 165, 209, 215, 243, 292, 293, 294, 319, 325, 332, 344, 346, 404, 439, 445, 448, 449, 456, 462, 502, 510, 513, 537, 540, 558 Dauby, 228, 257, 278, 508, 517 daughter, 19, 54, 55, 59, 67, 71, 73, 80, 86, 101, 108, 113, 114, 117, 124, 129, 132, 133, 137, 141, 150, 152, 154, 156, 163, 165, 185, 215, 250, 258, 267, 284, 323, 324, 336, 362, 374, 392, 394, 402, 408, 409, 410, 412, 413, 414, 415, 435, 439, 441, 451, 459, 468, 469, 474, 481, 487, 494, 495, 496, 497, 499, 507, 508, 511, 535, 539 daughters, 154, 185, 216, 260, 405, 406, 417, 442, 468, 499, 514, 519, 535 Dave, 274 Davenport, 189 David, 100, 103, 106, 113, 116, 148, 172, 186, 212, 228, 229, 233, 266, 268, 272, 273, 278, 279, 283, 292, 296, 298, 315, 329, 332, 335, 336, 337, 355, 379, 381, 382, 386, 441, 447, 457, 458, 459, 464, 465, 470, 474, 476, 489, 507, 513, 520, 521, 524, 525, 528, 533, 535, 538, 540, 541, 544, 554 Davidson, 114, 115, 116, 395 Davieson, 116 Davis, 4, 29, 100, 101, 402, 455, 459, 479, 510, 544, 553, 554 Davison, 54, 55, 77, 79, 106, 109, 110, 113, 116, 117, 122, 133, 139, 140, 143, 149, 151, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 175, 176, 352, 362, 398, 438, 441, 442, 451, 452, 465, 466, 467, 480, 481 Davison's, 55, 77, 109, 113, 117, 133, 139, 149, 151, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 362, 398, 438, 441, 465, 466, 480, 481 Dayton, 480, 502 De Tal Palo Tal Astilla, 489 deacon, 112, 113, 206, 207, 214, 491, 500 Deacon, 111, 168, 196, 206, 207, 271, 312, 341, 481, 516, 528 deacons, 500 Dean, 80, 481, 485, 504, 522, 552, 554 debate, 171, 335, 440, 443, 466 Debate, 335, 342 debating, 239, 243, 504 debt, 40, 42, 46, 139, 140, 142, 266, 372, 376, 382, 432, 500, 529 debts, 27, 40, 42, 45, 46, 102, 140, 315, 372, 484 Debunked, 471 deceit, 59, 120, 169, 300, 364, 550 deceitful, 46, 364 deceive, 18, 37, 39, 74, 80, 302, 310, 360, 391, 510 deceived, 18, 35, 112, 168, 219, 281, 327, 436 Deceiver, 382, 397 deception, 17, 18, 35, 74, 109, 164, 171, 172, 175, 197, 222, 308, 327, 353, 355, 356, 361, 364, 389 deceptive, 451 decipher, 306, 385, 386 deciphering, 107 declaration, 156, 456 declared, 12, 13, 97, 183, 186, 188, 189, 273, 302, 464 declaring, 14, 268, 553 deed, 177, 185, 216, 372, 407, 523 deeds, 403, 435, 492, 523 defection, 170, 174, 332 Defence, 402, 552, 556 defend, 69, 109, 113, 395, 456 defending, 487 deficient, 31, 529 deformed, 233, 300, 377, 387 defraud, 302, 452, 510 degree, 25, 112, 136, 170, 253, 260, 329, 346, 386, 452, 471, 472, 525, 526, 538 Degree, 268, 280, 281, 534 degrees, 268, 281, 524 Delaware River West Branch (Broome Co., NY): previously known as Mohocks Branch, 407, 555 delayed, 124, 264, 447, 448, 486 delinquent, 308, 374 delusion, 18, 74, 81, 109, 128, 160, 327, 490 delusive, 108, 264, 489 Deming, 51, 52, 53, 59, 70, 156, 161, 162, 181, 195, 286, 291, 292, 324, 337, 347, 355, 390, 399, 435, 436, 437, 439, 440, 441, 442, 443, 448, 450, 451, 452, 455, 477, 479, 480, 481, 482, 486, 489, 506, 507, 535, 536, 539, 542, 543, 544, 545, 546, 547, 548, 549, 553 Deming's, 355, 440, 553 demit, 528 Democrat, 102, 103, 242, 249, 255, 271, 336, 470, 471, 475, 485, 505, 508, 511, 512, 519, 549 Democratic, 242, 511 demotic, 387 denial, 17, 100, 103, 105, 117, 122, 176, 352, 465, 466, 467 denials, 32, 353, 466 denied, 30, 103, 121, 138, 144, 160, 171, 231, 289, 353, 466, 478, 526 denies, 549 Denison, 437 Denny, 469, 470 denomination, 101, 130, 287, 312, 325, 463 denounce, 510 denounced, 461, 553 denouncing, 465 Denslow, 528 Denton, 553 deny, 17, 104, 196, 449, 510, 545, 553 denying, 118, 353, 481 department, 126, 240, 508, 519 deposed, 130, 461 deposes, 320 deposited, 189, 202, 222, 369, 541 depositions, 322 Depot, 498, 501 Derby, 52, 53, 80, 441, 503, 517, 556 Derg, 474 derive, 356, 432 derived, 26, 38, 51, 58, 149, 193, 207, 244, 259, 371, 387, 402, 426, 482, 491, 505, 510, 529, 545 derives, 362, 402, 465, 492, 493, 532 descend, 520 descendants, 12, 23, 27, 40, 41, 43, 44, 47, 48, 49, 50, 84, 87, 438, 496 Descendants, 133, 261, 442, 453, 471, 474, 493, 494, 513, 519, 534 descended, 23, 89, 132, 438, 473, 496, 518 describe, 114, 115, 173, 244, 309, 461 described, 26, 27, 47, 49, 92, 126, 134, 148, 171, 178, 211, 247, 251, 260, 262, 263, 277, 281, 294, 295, 298, 315, 364, 473, 479, 529, 540 describes, 255, 329, 501, 540 describing, 265, 502 description, 68, 83, 88, 89, 122, 150, 163, 164, 165, 183, 199, 244, 256, 277, 310, 401, 426, 436, 456, 483, 487, 538, 540 descriptions, 126, 163, 458 Deseret, 23, 429, 430, 433, 435, 436, 444, 450, 453, 454, 466, 479, 480, 482, 484, 491, 492, 504, 510, 531, 532, 537, 542, 544, 551, 552, 553, 554 deserve, 255, 358, 368 design, 57, 73, 211, 355, 364, 391, 476 designed, 39, 44, 45, 57, 305, 356, 358, 370, 452 designing, 241, 520 designs, 30, 37, 121, 238, 239, 360, 480, 506 Desk, 480 despised, 155, 478 despotic, 515 destitute, 18, 46, 75, 239, 551 destroy, 39, 72, 99, 112, 115, 355, 551 destroyed, 24, 59, 77, 82, 190, 192, 267, 432, 445, 455, 509 destroying, 168, 437, 444 destruction, 12, 13, 27, 34, 82, 188, 379, 411, 531 Detroit, 107, 383, 384, 385, 386, 387, 464, 519, 554 Detroit-Pontiac, 384 Devil, 189, 219, 391, 399 devils, 185, 239, 400 devotees, 489 devouring, 37, 460 devout, 368 DeWitt, 273, 529 Dialogue, 433, 457, 482, 485, 494, 498, 508, 521, 527, 538, 550, 552 Diamond, 120, 470 diaries, 529 diary, 198, 199, 203, 402, 426, 483, 529 diatribe, 459, 481, 514 Dickinson, 51, 52, 59, 441, 442, 451, 464, 471, 472 dictate, 306 dictated, 61, 156, 179, 187, 253, 280, 450, 460, 490, 547 dictating, 233, 377, 487 dictation, 64, 157, 158, 229, 279, 280 dictionaries, 87 Dictionary, 297, 429, 453, 464, 480, 519, 538 Diedrich, 498, 538 difficulties, 69, 147, 148, 164, 238, 389, 472 difficulty, 29, 81, 90, 151, 174, 178, 239, 298, 301, 384, 461, 475, 518 dig, 50, 184, 185, 189, 198, 200, 229, 264, 358, 374, 398, 450, 474, 502, 521, 522, 523 digger, 54, 75, 227, 238, 293, 314, 316, 322, 358, 521, 545 diggers, 184, 185, 189, 201, 222, 229, 231, 232, 261, 263, 264, 265, 294, 295, 316, 327, 346, 372, 374, 377, 486, 522, 523, 537, 544 digging, 54, 182, 185, 200, 201, 203, 210, 211, 212, 213, 219, 220, 221, 222, 225, 226, 229, 232, 241, 259, 262, 263, 264, 265, 275, 294, 295, 308, 316, 317, 322, 327, 347, 359, 372, 374, 376, 377, 381, 407, 491, 492, 497, 499, 500, 502, 508, 521, 523, 524, 530, 544 diggings, 184 diggling dignified, 27, 123, 260, 506 digs, 265, 374, 376 dig-up, 450 diligent, 63, 301, 353, 402, 447 Dillard, 332, 546 Dille, 341 Dilly, 540 diploma, 478, 514 diploma-mill, 478 diplomas, 478 directories, 479 directors, 464 disaffected, 161, 390, 540 disaffection, 162, 521 Disciples, 103, 204, 212, 286, 312, 313, 342, 389, 390, 392, 447, 458, 459, 463, 466, 467, 482, 498, 535, 536, 542, 543, 547, 548, 549, 555, 556 disclosing, 445 Discourse, 443, 449, 494, 498, 500 Discourses, 443, 498, 501 discover, 182, 188, 225, 231, 232, 244, 300, 315, 322, 331, 334, 375, 450, 521, 530 discovered, 27, 45, 68, 85, 131, 139, 164, 180, 183, 186, 188, 189, 202, 226, 228, 229, 240, 264, 269, 278, 284, 300, 309, 315, 359, 383, 386, 390, 392, 402, 448, 463, 473, 486, 496, 510 discoveries, 17, 241, 454 discovery, 36, 60, 63, 86, 120, 122, 127, 136, 138, 222, 232, 239, 240, 258, 259, 289, 295, 383, 387, 417, 449, 452, 459, 481, 543 discredit, 18, 36, 47, 68, 73, 74, 117, 128, 159, 168, 180, 203, 268, 278, 311, 355, 441, 449, 545 discuss, 122, 149, 187, 295, 443, 510 discussed, 38, 253, 288, 293, 430 discussion, 12, 54, 86, 131, 155, 234, 300, 303, 332, 349, 383, 432, 436, 453, 475, 483, 485, 490, 498, 511, 520, 525, 544 disgrace, 162, 459 disgraceful, 36, 118, 436 disgracing, 510 disillusionment, 482 disreputable, 58, 229, 499 dissention, 509 dissident, 161, 430, 462 dissolution, 119, 252, 336, 462, 463, 470, 515 dissolved, 103, 119, 144, 154, 166, 189, 393, 470, 505, 515 distance, 31, 69, 82, 119, 120, 170, 197, 242, 268, 285, 286, 290, 296, 321, 328, 338, 378, 385, 410, 412, 413, 415, 425, 426, 427, 468, 540 distances, 426, 509 distant, 31, 37, 67, 110, 137, 199, 224, 262, 284, 303, 397, 417, 431, 438, 446, 451, 502 distinction, 80, 104, 171, 244, 485 distinctive, 92, 447 distinguish, 123, 126, 554 distinguished, 13, 107, 431, 446, 519 distort, 29, 173, 460 distortion, 550 District, 218, 237, 290, 291, 323, 440 distrust, 553 divination, 430 Divine, 14, 85, 299, 430, 529, 541, 545 divinely, 204, 248 divining, 211, 213, 218, 227, 261, 491, 544 divining-rods, 211 Divinity, 431 Division, 198, 455, 490, 537 divisions, 84, 457 divorce, 531 divulge, 38, 158, 233, 377 docket, 59, 66, 435, 442, 447, 448, 530 Docket, 58, 435, 443, 447, 462, 464, 500, 530 dockets, 120, 448 Doct, 57, 448 Doctor, 30, 31, 32, 34, 35, 36, 38, 39, 40, 41, 43, 44, 48, 50, 51, 54, 55, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 63, 65, 69, 70, 71, 72, 74, 77, 79, 86, 90, 96, 99, 106, 109, 111, 117, 122, 143, 144, 149, 151, 155, 165, 166, 167, 168, 175, 195, 197, 198, 203, 288, 363, 431, 433, 435, 436, 439, 443, 444, 447, 448, 449, 457, 464, 465, 466, 481, 482, 486, 504, 530 Doctors, 203 doctrinal, 101, 430, 433, 460, 551 Doctrine, 177, 261, 445, 483, 484, 509, 514, 520, 523, 539, 542, 544, 554 doctrines, 13, 101, 103, 204, 245, 246, 313 document, 29, 59, 61, 89, 127, 141, 214, 263, 280, 336, 369, 384, 402, 406, 439, 476, 515 documentary, 135, 138 documentation, 252, 368 documented, 10, 47, 97, 132, 159, 160, 249, 275, 287, 337, 384, 498, 502 documenting, 176, 404 documents, 57, 73, 77, 92, 159, 354, 367, 404, 439, 442, 448, 473, 475, 492, 515, 518, 529, 556 Dodd, 123, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 401, 402, 430, 457, 471, 472, 473, 474, 484, 556 Dodd/Book, 402 Dodd's, 128, 131, 402, 473 Dodge Dogberry, 492, 497, 543 dogma, 11, 367 dollar, 112, 281, 303, 432, 468, 506, 510 dollars, 27, 62, 72, 112, 161, 192, 200, 222, 266, 274, 319, 448, 506, 553 Don, 291, 314, 467 Donald, 479, 489 donates, 377 Donna, 542 Dorchester, 494 Dorr, 516 Dorsey, 513 dotty, 488 Doty, 512, 513, 515 Doubleday, 542 doubt, 10, 15, 30, 40, 41, 44, 52, 63, 68, 85, 89, 128, 130, 135, 143, 147, 155, 165, 197, 202, 205, 212, 214, 220, 222, 240, 243, 244, 245, 250, 252, 253, 255, 260, 262, 269, 271, 280, 284, 292, 293, 294, 306, 315, 322, 325, 326, 356, 360, 361, 364, 367, 368, 369, 370, 390, 391, 392, 398, 407, 409, 412, 423, 445, 456, 459, 462, 465, 487, 499, 506, 519, 537, 543 doubts, 4, 100, 127, 172, 334, 352, 487 doubted, 354 doubtful, 58, 264, 288, 289, 327 doubtless, 109, 490 Doud, 372, 502 Dougal, 457 Dover, 414 Dowen, 58, 59, 69, 442, 443, 447 dowry, 474 Doyle, 453 Dr., 4, 13, 14, 15, 31, 32, 33, 49, 53, 58, 70, 97, 108, 109, 110, 111, 114, 123, 128, 129, 140, 151, 152, 153, 154, 157, 172, 177, 196, 197, 198, 212, 214, 215, 216, 219, 224, 250, 252, 265, 278, 284, 292, 312, 355, 359, 373, 383, 386, 395, 401, 402, 403, 405, 411, 413, 418, 430, 435, 438, 439, 440, 441, 442, 457, 460, 464, 465, 468, 472, 473, 477, 478, 483, 487, 489, 491, 493, 494, 495, 496, 502, 504, 507, 511, 513, 514, 518, 526, 528, 543, 556, 557 draft, 61, 65, 176, 179, 259, 352, 441, 485 drafted, 550 drank, 190, 459, 533 Draper: James Draper Bemis (1783-1857), 247 Thomas Waln-Morgan Draper, 507 draw, 10, 110, 129, 522, 529 drawings, 555 dreams, 169, 230, 275, 277 dreamy, 312 Drew, 484, 494 drink, 533 Drinkars, 398 drugs, 390, 441 drunk, 318 drunkard, 267, 269 Druver, 485 DuBois, 105 Dudley, 481 Duly, 399, 433, 478, 548 dungeon, 529 Dunham, 437 Dunlap, 162, 480, 542 Dunlevy, 482 Dunn, 444 Dunson, 338 dupe, 74, 240, 241, 361, 490 duped, 233, 308, 360, 377, 381 dupes, 363 duplicity, 551 Durfee, 308, 374, 376, 504, 523 Durfees, 523 Durham, 474, 527 During, 23, 25, 28, 36, 38, 42, 48, 52, 73, 99, 101, 106, 113, 128, 131, 136, 152, 156, 162, 178, 218, 227, 231, 247, 249, 267, 274, 290, 312, 321, 332, 336, 346, 347, 348, 365, 374, 375, 379, 384, 425, 431, 454, 468, 469, 470, 472, 474, 477, 511, 512, 515, 525, 526, 529, 530, 538, 546 Dutchess, 246, 507 duties, 134, 191, 379, 472, 474 dutifully, 113, 488 duty, 23, 36, 66, 106, 173, 274, 304, 452, 460 dwelling, 246, 458 Dyar, 212, 215, 223, 224, 225, 226, 228, 229, 252, 266, 412, 415, 418, 494, 502, 514, 515 dye, 510 Dyer, 268, 494, 502 Dysentery, 129 E eagle, 398 Eagle, 464, 475, 518 Earl, 290, 323, 430 Earl's, 290, 323 Early, 75, 181, 182, 247, 265, 285, 330, 342, 402, 429, 445, 446, 447, 454, 458, 459, 460, 466, 467, 474, 475, 482, 483, 485, 486, 490, 493, 494, 498, 502, 508, 521, 522, 523, 526, 538, 542, 544, 547, 548, 549, 552, 553, 555 earth, 11, 12, 14, 46, 75, 84, 107, 180, 192, 262, 314, 321, 322, 346, 357, 359, 361, 371, 375, 378, 379, 383, 446, 487, 530 earthen, 393 earthquake, 361 east, 31, 54, 64, 67, 86, 156, 185, 191, 200, 207, 231, 249, 253, 254, 256, 276, 283, 285, 287, 290, 295, 323, 394, 410, 412, 426, 439, 454, 457, 468, 522, 535, 536 East, 25, 132, 149, 150, 216, 225, 260, 268, 278, 342, 493, 494 eastern, 26, 36, 125, 185, 224, 401, 404, 417, 468, 498, 506, 523, 537 Eastern, 129, 152, 427 eastward, 54, 177, 204, 383, 558 Eaton, 480, 491 Ebenezer, 314, 467, 470, 510, 544, 554 Eber, 39, 58, 59, 60, 63, 64, 69, 70, 71, 73, 74, 75, 77, 80, 85, 87, 88, 109, 113, 122, 131, 135, 143, 151, 165, 166, 168, 175, 195, 196, 197, 203, 247, 358, 365, 368, 435, 437, 439, 442, 443, 444, 448, 450, 451, 452, 465, 478, 481, 482, 489, 491, 493, 508, 536 eccentric, 214 ecclesiastical, 283 echo, 431 Ed, 403, 495 Eddy, 555 Edinburgh, 555 edit, 268, 508 edited, 51, 249, 251, 298, 467, 490, 507, 512 editing, 224, 226, 465 edition, 27, 68, 69, 78, 84, 117, 136, 254, 300, 401, 432, 433, 451, 465, 484, 487, 525, 539, 541 editions, 69, 78, 432 editor, 39, 57, 58, 71, 73, 77, 96, 97, 104, 108, 113, 114, 143, 174, 198, 210, 218, 222, 226, 237, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 247, 249, 251, 255, 259, 298, 384, 412, 439, 442, 443, 448, 449, 450, 451, 465, 467, 481, 483, 490, 492, 497, 499, 504, 505, 506, 507, 508, 510, 511, 512, 513, 515, 517, 519 editorial, 245, 249, 254, 258, 271, 363, 405, 430, 433, 466, 481, 505, 506, 515 editorials, 490 editors, 260, 465, 466 Editors, 32, 33, 35, 74, 89, 108, 115, 121, 124, 129, 130, 133, 140, 151, 154, 160, 161, 175, 182, 184, 185, 186, 188, 202, 222, 238, 291, 311, 347, 392, 397, 398, 400, 454, 459, 469, 476, 481, 493, 495, 518, 525, 536, 537, 545 editorship, 253, 518 Edmund, 421, 550, 557 educate, 468 educated, 25, 107, 175, 252, 290, 323, 352, 440 education, 24, 25, 84, 99, 100, 175, 227, 245, 457, 458, 465, 470, 472, 499 Edw., 336 Edward, 147, 216, 261, 275, 325, 382, 405, 406, 407, 408, 410, 442, 453, 464, 467, 471, 477, 478, 480, 493, 494, 513, 525, 537, 551, 552 Edwards, 383, 384, 386, 518 Edwards's, 518 Edwin, 181, 249, 271, 458, 482, 498, 511, 536, 543, 549, 556 Egbert, 317, 379, 504, 506 Egyptian: Egyptian hieroglyphics (see Reformed Egyptian), 24, 187-8, 386-7, 538 n.37, 554 n.2, 555 n.5 Egyptian mummies 58 Egyptian book / scroll (see Book of Breathings; papyri, papyrus), 188, 360, 442 n.4 Joseph Smith's Egyptian Grammar (see also Book of Abraham in lit. index), 442 n.4 Ehrman, 368 Eichbaum, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 165, 176, 464, 474, 475 elder, 32, 34, 35, 52, 166, 172, 173, 179, 198, 204, 215, 238, 246, 247, 284, 322, 325, 327, 328, 336, 384, 394, 405, 406, 407, 434, 469, 472, 478, 503, 514, 535, 555 Elder, 18, 38, 80, 159, 172, 173, 205, 209, 221, 312, 325, 362, 389, 433, 434, 441, 443, 462, 466, 479, 480, 483, 492, 493, 497, 503, 509, 532, 535, 540, 548, 552, 554 elderly, 117, 134, 163, 164, 218, 284, 316, 480 elders, 7, 204, 221, 475 Elders', 436, 514, 515 eldest, 104, 133, 141, 225, 227, 238, 243, 247, 261, 263, 278, 284, 285, 372, 373, 405, 406, 407, 408, 413, 430, 475, 488, 493, 494, 496, 506, 516 Eleanor: Eleanor McLean, 361 Eleazar / Eleazer: Eleazer Kingsbury (1778-1813), 409 Eleazar Kingsbury, (1778-1813), 415, 495 electronic, 4, 65 Elements, 452 Eli: Eli Bruce (Sheriff of Niagara Co., NY), 272, 274, 326, 382, 529 n.161, 546 n.40 Eli Glass (res. of Genesee Co., NY), 419 Elias: Elias F. Dodd (1823-1908), 128, 430 n.5, 473 n.103 Elias Keyes (ca. 1767-1823), 432 n.13 Elihu: Elihu Mather (involced in Wm. Morgan Affair), 273 Elihu Beach, 284, 417, 421 Elihu M. Beach (son of Elihu Beach), 414, 415, 417, 421 Elihu Cowdery, 406 Elijah: Elijah Smith (at 1834 D. P. Hurlbut trial, OH) 72 Elijah St. John (d. 1813), 246 Elijah St. John Bemis (b. ca. 1819), 247 Eliphalet: Rev. Eliphat Nott (at Cherry Valley, NY), 25, 431 Elisha: Elisha Pauley (early landowner in OH), 285 Elisha Spalding (bro. of SS � 1763-1834), 444 n.14 Elisha Adams (in Wm. Morgan Affair), 529 n.162 Eliza: Ann Eliza More (md. John Strong, 1829, OH), 343 Eliza Wilson Winter (md. Rev. John Winter, 1819), 477-8 n.13 Eliza Alexander Cowdery (md. Lyman Cowdery, 1825), 499 n.41, 522 n.125 Elizabeth / Eliz.: Elizabeth Haven (with LDS in IL), 113 Elizabeth Squires (in 1879), 184 Elizabeth Ann Whitmer Cowdery (1815-1892), 212, 360, 493 n.12, 509 n.44 Eliz. Waterman (md. Theron Freeman, 1827, OH), 338 Elizabeth Rigdon Clark (S. Rigdon�s aunt), 458 n.10 Elizabeth Hawthorn (auth. see biblio.), 468 n.76 Elk Creek: Elk Creek village, Erie Co., PA, 68 Elk Creek. Twp, Erie Co., PA, 168, 426, 433 n.27 Elkhorn, Walworth Co., WI: Elkhorn (WI) Walworth County Democrat, 249 Harmony Lodge #12 located at, 271, 528 n.150 Lyman Cowdery moved to, in 1846, 271 Oliver Cowdery moved to, in 1847, 271 Law practice of Lyman & Oliver at, 511 n.53 Ell, 272 Ella, 463, 474 Ellen, 51, 52, 59, 441, 442, 451, 464, 471 Ellicottville, 426 eloped, 293, 396, 407 elopement, 73, 537 elopes, 375 eloquence, 247 eloquent, 17, 101, 458 elusive, 308 Elusive, 5, 492, 503, 540 Ely, 109, 113, 114, 464, 465 Elyria, 342, 343 embarrassing, 138, 155, 531 embarrassment, 124, 442 embellished, 197, 230, 363 embellishment, 481 emigrants, 384 emigrated, 223, 241, 246, 353, 359 Emily, 327, 329, 330, 331, 332, 333, 344, 348, 349, 476, 502, 546, 555 eminent, 13, 111, 550 Emma, 73, 159, 185, 187, 198, 231, 233, 234, 293, 300, 330, 360, 374, 375, 376, 377, 378, 381, 458, 501, 502, 530, 540, 544 Emmily, 410 Emmon, 483 Emmons, 548 Empire, 492, 507 Emporium, 524 Encampment, 529 Encyclopaedia, 431 Encyclopedia, 431, 465, 492, 530 enemies, 112, 126, 192, 440, 489, 520, 526 enemy, 70, 74, 553 engendered engineered, 30, 221, 460 engineers, 272 England, 14, 25, 26, 45, 92, 106, 129, 161, 200, 383, 435, 447, 451, 466, 477, 484, 521, 525 Engles, 105, 120, 121, 127, 134, 135, 137, 138, 145, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 339, 352, 465, 470, 471, 475 English, 4, 18, 27, 81, 89, 127, 148, 149, 187, 297, 396, 431, 454, 455, 458, 525, 538 engraved, 23, 155, 187, 202, 232, 240, 249, 310, 351, 376 engraver, 240 engravings, 23, 198, 202 Enigma, 1, 4, 9, 15, 28, 30, 31, 33, 39, 49, 53, 54, 58, 63, 68, 73, 74, 76, 78, 90, 99, 103, 104, 106, 117, 120, 121, 128, 131, 139, 140, 147, 149, 150, 151, 165, 167, 177, 195, 198, 204, 207, 209, 244, 269, 288, 308, 317, 349, 353, 360, 363, 369, 390, 401, 402, 448, 449, 471, 481, 525, 554 enigmatic, 265 enigmatically, 360 enmity, 553 Enoch: Enoch Howlett (md. Sally Cowdery, 1832, NY), 418 Enquirer, 175, 199, 201, 512, 537, 546 Ensign, 429, 484, 498, 550 Ensworth: Dr. Ensworth (of Palmyra, NY), 504 n.9 Enterprise, 521 entity, 232, 376, 432 entrepreneur, 383 entries, 61, 198, 203, 223, 425, 435, 448, 449, 470, 510, 515 entry, 159, 223, 336, 338, 405, 407, 410, 435, 491, 508, 514, 515, 519, 554, 558 ENUMERATION, 417 envelope, 337, 482 Ephraim: Ephraim Gates, 260 Ephraim Pentland (early Pittsburgh newsman), 470 n.84, 475 n.116 Ephraim S. Green (LDS missionary in HI), 477 n.5 epidemic (of 1813, in VT), 494 Episcopal, 273, 464 episode, 370, 488 equinox, 502 Era, 82, 167, 436, 442, 465, 466, 467, 479, 493, 541, 542 Erastus, 212, 215, 223, 224, 225, 230, 252, 284, 285, 286, 287, 288, 363, 384, 385, 412, 413, 416, 417, 418, 444, 535, 536, 554, 555 Erastus's, 287, 385, 554, 555 Erie (NY): Erie Canal, 226, 256, Utica-Buffalo-Erie, 427 Erie (PA): 31, 52, 84, 168, 183, 200, 204, 206, 225, 246, 247, 249, 284, 300, 326, 342, 384, 418, 421, 426, 427, 428, 433, 436, 438, 453, 454, 468, 469, 475, 480, 496, 514 erroneas, 392 erroneous, 172, 259, 502, 506 erroneously, 448, 465, 466, 473, 479, 516, 524, 558 error, 81, 88, 93, 95, 108, 130, 262, 327, 330, 342, 444, 448, 459, 465, 484, 504, 510 errors, 11, 101, 171, 244, 315, 332, 367, 372, 460, 521, 540 erudite, 385, 538 Esick: Esick Lyon, 328 Esq., 33, 54, 58, 61, 63, 69, 122, 135, 136, 156, 164, 375, 418, 438, 444, 445, 446, 470, 475, 503, 525 Esquire, 130, 414 essay, 257, 542 Essays, 465, 552 Essex, 543 Ethan: Ethan Cowdery (b. 1788), 411 (misspelled Eathan), 412, 414, 416 Ethan Smith (1762-1849 � auth. see biblio.), 540 n.65, 541-2 n.65 Ethen: Ethen (Ethan) Cowdery (b. 1788), 412 Etton: Henry Etton (pub. see biblio.), 552 n.21 Etzenhouser: Etzenhouser, R[udolph] (auth. see biblio.), 550 n.9 Europe (as destination of Wm. Morgan), 526 n.146 Evan, 433, 448 Evangel, 386 Evangelical, 454, 480, 502, 507, 552 Evangelical Perspective, 454 evangelist, 286, 463 Evangelist, 394, 491, 512 evangelize, 9, 383 Evans, 148, 511, 550 Evarts', 181 evening, 70, 91, 124, 188, 190, 205, 239, 243, 253, 269, 288, 305, 309, 317, 331, 337, 391, 392, 427 Evening, 23, 248, 249, 430, 433, 435, 443, 449, 450, 483, 484, 490, 510, 514 Everts, 463, 477, 484, 498, 502, 513, 534 Evertson: Nicholas Evertson (early Ontario Co., NY res., 522 n.125, 523 n.125 (misspelled Everston) evidence, 10, 17, 18, 28, 30, 31, 32, 36, 38, 39, 47, 48, 49, 50, 52, 59, 60, 65, 66, 68, 69, 70, 74, 78, 81, 82, 88, 90, 92, 93, 96, 99, 105, 117, 122, 127, 130, 135, 138, 139, 140, 141, 144, 156, 159, 160, 163, 165, 166, 167, 168, 170, 175, 179, 180, 207, 210, 215, 220, 223, 247, 251, 254, 256, 262, 263, 270, 271, 272, 278, 286, 289, 298, 303, 305, 310, 311, 314, 331, 353, 356, 365, 367, 368, 369, 387, 389, 438, 440, 442, 449, 467, 471, 478, 487, 501, 502, 521, 530, 535, 544, 550, 551, 553, 554 Evidences, 342, 434, 477 evident, 93, 105, 135, 138, 186, 209, 357, 545 evil, 11, 32, 185, 196, 219, 299, 364, 466, 506 evolution, 484 evolved, 27, 192, 197, 430 excavated, 262 excavating, 200, 262, 295 excavation, 201, 240, 294, 295, 327, 537 excavations, 184, 200 Excelsior, 527 EXCERPT, 393 excerpts, 68, 122, 310, 390, 532 excluded, 101, 111, 150, 240, 264, 335, 391, 436, 461, 481 exclusion, 111, 460 Exclusive, 427 excommunicated, 30, 31, 69, 154, 158, 160, 161, 362, 448, 450, 490, 515, 531, 544 excommunication, 40, 71, 101, 107, 158, 159, 209, 248, 249, 360, 447, 448, 449, 510, 521 excursions, 200, 419 exhumation, 445 exhume, 373 EX-LDS, 389 ex-members, 316 ex-Methodist, 34 ex-Mormon, 34, 503 ex-Mormons, 53 exonerate, 550 exonerated, 273, 485 expedition, 70, 184, 201, 229, 294, 316, 403, 489, 524 expelled, 35, 72, 167, 186, 497, 528 expert, 449 explanation, 45, 66, 78, 90, 96, 128, 130, 133, 140, 193, 233, 263, 270, 299, 305, 337, 362, 442, 449, 454, 484, 556 explanations, 322, 347 exploit, 51, 357, 488 exploits, 484 expose, 36, 52, 55, 95, 121, 158, 159, 160, 229, 235, 268, 269, 279, 355, 478, 525, 526 exposed, 18, 49, 95, 109, 140, 160, 168, 178, 210, 489 exposes, 195, 359 exposing, 39, 153, 164, 188, 196, 269, 278, 360, 487 Expositor, 531 exposure, 190, 446 ex-preacher, 202 expulsion, 112, 120 extinct, 27, 107, 198, 357 extra, 411, 494 extracted, 426 extraordinary, 14, 205, 246, 283, 310 eye, 93, 184, 263, 398, 449 eyes, 12, 24, 27, 155, 178, 183, 184, 185, 206, 260, 275, 277, 303, 305, 307, 308, 320, 379, 539, 540 eyewitness, 85, 370 Ezekiel (see also lit. index): Ezekiel S. Beach, 215, 284-5, 413-7, 421, 494 n.22, 535 n.4 Ezekiel Strong Beach (son of Ezekiel), 285, 421 Mrs. Ezekiel S. Beach (Azubah Cowdery Beach), 215, 284, 421, 494 n.22, 535 n.4 Col. Ezekiel Jewett (in Wm. Morgan Affair), 272, 505 n.19 Ezekiel Conkey, 407 Ezekiel Kingsbury, 409 Ezekiel Clark, 474 n.108 505, 535 Ezra: Ezra Booth (early LDS apostate � see biblio.), 53, 196, 359, 389, 503 n.6, 552 n.15, 555 n.1 Ezra B. Beach, 284, 421 Dr. Ezra Seymour (1782-ca. 1860) 487 n.42 Ezubah (Azubah): Azubah (Ezubah) Cowdery (1756-1841, 494 n.22 F fabricating, 311 fabrication, 37, 172, 179, 365, 467 fabrications, 556 FABRICATIONS, 401 fabulous, 45, 46, 60, 230, 516 facsimile, 348 facsimiles, 386 fact, 12, 25, 29, 30, 32, 34, 37, 38, 39, 45, 50, 54, 58, 59, 64, 71, 79, 85, 89, 90, 91, 92, 94, 96, 100, 106, 116, 117, 121, 122, 127, 128, 131, 132, 137, 138, 139, 141, 142, 143, 144, 149, 150, 151, 153, 154, 155, 159, 160, 164, 165, 167, 170, 172, 176, 178, 180, 185, 197, 203, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 220, 223, 237, 239, 242, 245, 247, 249, 251, 252, 255, 256, 259, 260, 261, 265, 270, 277, 278, 285, 287, 289, 297, 298, 300, 301, 303, 304, 305, 307, 314, 315, 316, 326, 331, 336, 351, 354, 355, 356, 357, 359, 362, 364, 368, 381, 384, 386, 392, 396, 398, 399, 402, 404, 408, 410, 427, 434, 435, 437, 438, 442, 445, 446, 447, 448, 449, 452, 454, 457, 465, 466, 469, 475, 480, 481, 482, 486, 489, 492, 494, 495, 496, 499, 500, 514, 518, 520, 521, 522, 530, 541, 545, 549, 555 faction, 153, 325, 335, 477 factor, 167, 211, 307, 385, 481 factors, 176, 212, 426 facts, 9, 10, 12, 18, 29, 30, 31, 38, 39, 44, 48, 57, 73, 74, 84, 104, 116, 131, 142, 153, 157, 160, 167, 168, 180, 198, 223, 246, 259, 303, 328, 332, 334, 354, 392, 393, 398, 401, 434, 442, 459, 460, 477, 489, 496, 540 faculty, 222, 468 fair, 28, 48, 124, 369, 503 Fairchild, 78, 452, 455, 456, 511 Fairfield, 71, 408, 439, 544 Fairport, 428, 536 faith, 9, 11, 12, 15, 16, 130, 172, 178, 186, 190, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 227, 245, 261, 304, 307, 327, 334, 345, 356, 364, 367, 390, 392, 438, 449, 477, 489, 491, 492, 502, 515, 532, 544, 545, 550, 551, 553 faithful, 7, 11, 102, 184, 185, 228, 238, 275, 334, 541, 551 faithfully, 50, 210, 219, 261, 439 faith-promoting, 491 Falls: Beaver Falls, PA, 458 n.10 Chagrin Falls, OH, 535 n.11 false, 9, 13, 18, 29, 34, 35, 36, 102, 112, 118, 168, 178, 196, 210, 264, 315, 316, 328, 359, 361, 363, 433, 482, 524, 544 Falsehood, 466 falsehoods, 113, 118, 176, 359, 466 families, 39, 52, 53, 167, 174, 253, 270, 277, 404, 407, 417, 423, 445, 491, 494, 495 family, 14, 26, 27, 29, 36, 44, 45, 51, 53, 54, 55, 59, 61, 64, 66, 69, 74, 81, 83, 85, 90, 91, 104, 111, 123, 124, 125, 127, 131, 132, 133, 134, 141, 142, 151, 162, 163, 164, 167, 174, 175, 177, 180, 182, 187, 206, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 221, 224, 225, 226, 228, 229, 235, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 251, 253, 254, 260, 265, 266, 267, 268, 270, 274, 275, 276, 280, 284, 285, 288, 290, 291, 292, 296, 297, 299, 305, 306, 308, 317, 321, 323, 324, 329, 335, 336, 337, 338, 346, 351, 352, 353, 354, 355, 357, 358, 359, 363, 364, 371, 372, 376, 379, 382, 383, 384, 385, 391, 402, 404, 405, 406, 408, 409, 410, 411, 414, 415, 416, 417, 419, 423, 430, 432, 434, 437, 438, 439, 442, 443, 444, 445, 446, 449, 450, 451, 458, 459, 462, 469, 473, 478, 481, 492, 493, 494, 495, 496, 497, 498, 500, 501, 502, 506, 507, 512, 514, 519, 523, 524, 530, 531, 532, 535, 536, 538, 539, 541, 542, 545, 549, 550, 556, 557 fanatic, 490 fanatical, 200, 211 fanaticism, 68, 199, 201, 327, 355, 361 Fanaticism, 199, 537, 546 fanatics, 47, 109, 520 Fanny, 444 fantasy, 442 Far, 165, 253, 276, 436, 481, 491, 510, 520, 531, 552 Farabee, 472 Farkas, 60 farm, 29, 73, 84, 85, 104, 137, 142, 161, 175, 183, 185, 186, 187, 189, 190, 192, 204, 206, 218, 221, 224, 225, 227, 229, 230, 233, 239, 240, 245, 246, 261, 264, 267, 272, 283, 284, 285, 286, 287, 289, 290, 291, 293, 296, 305, 307, 308, 313, 323, 329, 335, 344, 346, 372, 374, 376, 379, 385, 399, 409, 410, 413, 416, 425, 427, 428, 437, 444, 458, 463, 468, 472, 476, 486, 495, 496, 499, 522, 523, 535, 538, 549, 554, 555 farmed, 132, 439 farmer, 104, 141, 198, 199, 202, 229, 232, 239, 243, 287, 432, 490, 496, 553 farmers, 26, 188, 287, 323 Farmersville, 223, 229, 418 farmhouse, 542, 557 Farmington, 371, 372, 499 farms, 216, 230, 286, 287, 414 Farms, 463 fast-talking, 360 father, 24, 30, 51, 52, 61, 79, 80, 84, 93, 97, 104, 105, 115, 119, 128, 131, 132, 133, 134, 144, 150, 152, 163, 164, 166, 168, 174, 175, 176, 182, 185, 186, 203, 210, 211, 213, 214, 215, 218, 220, 221, 222, 226, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 238, 239, 241, 245, 246, 247, 257, 261, 264, 265, 270, 283, 284, 290, 293, 297, 298, 306, 307, 310, 321, 323, 328, 331, 336, 341, 351, 354, 361, 364, 373, 374, 375, 376, 378, 396, 407, 408, 411, 412, 416, 418, 423, 430, 431, 434, 435, 440, 442, 448, 450, 451, 453, 454, 456, 457, 458, 461, 462, 463, 464, 466, 467, 468, 469, 472, 474, 477, 480, 493, 496, 497, 502, 508, 509, 512, 514, 515, 518, 519, 522, 523, 528, 529, 532, 538, 539, 540, 543, 555, 558 father-in-law, 61, 174, 186, 306, 341, 376, 448, 450, 464, 540, 543, 558 fathers, 18, 144, 199, 251, 351, 359, 360 Faulring, 483, 501 Fawn, 15, 47, 48, 49, 88, 159, 160, 167, 211, 270, 315, 429, 440, 455, 478, 486, 493, 543 Fayette, 128, 204, 233, 329, 331, 332, 345, 379, 380, 381, 382, 492, 541, 549 federal, 131, 207, 472 feeling, 135, 201, 316, 553 feelings, 151, 173, 174, 363, 443 fees, 395 fellow-Mormon, 477 fellowship, 100, 162, 341 fellow-townsmen, 57 female, 215, 318, 406, 411, 545 females, 405, 406 Ferguson: David Ferguson (a ward of S. Rigdon, 1820s, Pittsburgh), 103, 335, 336 Bartimeus Ferguson (early NY newsman), 242 James and Mary Ferguson (parents of David Ferguson), 335, 462 n.32 Thomas Stuart Ferguson (auth. see biblio.), 443 n.4 Fergusson: W. A. Fergusson & Co. (pub. see biblio.) 488 n.43, 549 n.4 Ferree, 472 fiction (see also lit. index, various titles): writers of fiction are liars (acc. To S. Rigdon), 118 fight, 85, 182, 464 fighting, 320, 455 Fillerup, 552 Fillmore, 472 financial, 17, 26, 28, 81, 83, 94, 119, 142, 148, 192, 197, 232, 377 Findlay, 472, 473 Finney, 157 fire, 60, 72, 100, 148, 228, 267, 269, 319, 393, 394, 444, 445, 461, 470, 508, 556 firearms, 71, 72 fireplace, 100, 163 fireside, 225, 227, 238, 243, 310 firm, 27, 91, 119, 120, 121, 144, 145, 164, 165, 166, 248, 250, 264, 265, 351, 357, 463, 470, 474, 475, 515 Firm, 175, 248, 510 firma: terra firma, 397 firsthand, 150, 181, 207, 237, 243, 258, 301, 355 Fish, 294, 376, 418, 514 Fishing, 520 Fiske, 247, 261, 493, 513 fit, 49, 64, 89, 111, 122, 170, 241, 244, 302, 348, 456, 489, 502, 539 fits, 68, 83, 96, 142, 170, 257, 295, 310, 348 Fitch, 517, 519 Flatbush, 515 Flats, 313, 390 fleecing, 359, 480, 510 Flint, 553 Flora, 415, 535 Florence: Florence Smith (ed. see biblio), 507 n.29, 508 n.39 Flower, 159, 479 Follett, 504, 505, 507, 508, 511, 513, 516, 522, 526, 543 Follett's, 526 follies, 315 follow, 73, 183, 202, 217, 225, 268, 308, 346, 398, 399, 405, 487, 532 followed, 24, 28, 32, 52, 78, 102, 121, 122, 159, 189, 199, 216, 230, 233, 259, 269, 270, 277, 317, 357, 398, 462, 486, 493, 526, 538, 554 followers, 68, 72, 103, 184, 185, 188, 189, 190, 192, 243, 246, 287, 335, 348, 360, 389, 462, 463, 477, 537, 538, 544, 545 following, 18, 24, 26, 32, 39, 40, 44, 47, 60, 61, 63, 64, 69, 71, 96, 105, 109, 114, 119, 120, 121, 122, 131, 134, 137, 140, 141, 156, 158, 161, 180, 189, 199, 218, 219, 221, 233, 257, 263, 266, 267, 270, 275, 277, 284, 295, 300, 301, 305, 317, 321, 328, 330, 331, 332, 340, 342, 353, 354, 355, 357, 359, 360, 381, 389, 396, 397, 401, 413, 426, 427, 433, 443, 449, 454, 461, 465, 466, 468, 471, 475, 480, 482, 486, 487, 499, 500, 503, 504, 509, 510, 519, 520, 528, 530, 538, 543, 551 Folly, 466 fool, 92, 183, 360, 488, 489, 490, 503, 552 foolish, 75, 328, 372 foolishness, 316 foolscap, 91, 92, 123, 124, 369, 455, 456 Foote, 554 forbid, 302 forbidden, 178, 234 forbiddingly, 315 Ford, 502 Fordham, 552 forehead / foreheads: 123, 126, 260, 400, 486 foreman, 149, 191, 228, 251, 256, 257, 512, 522 forest, 67, 84, 180, 445 Foreword, 300, 539 forfeited, 325 forge, 26, 40, 43, 44, 45, 51, 52, 84, 86, 96, 140, 141, 432, 440, 453 forged, 268, 361 forgery, 74, 116 Fork, 457 Forman, 441 Forrest, 430 Forscutt, 509 Fort, 272, 274, 505 fortifications, 43, 84, 87, 107 forts, 42, 71, 107, 310, 313 fortune, 165, 218, 222, 234, 264, 269, 277, 327, 373, 375, 381, 396, 456, 468, 499, 500, 508 fortune-teller, 222, 499, 500 fortune-telling, 375, 381 Forty Years a Typo, 257, 512 Fosdick, 342 Foster, 13, 14, 429, 472 Found, 27, 28, 31, 32, 37, 38, 40, 44, 45, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 55, 58, 59, 60, 63, 71, 74, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 106, 107, 108, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 137, 140, 142, 144, 147, 149, 154, 165, 174, 176, 177, 197, 210, 299, 352, 357, 358, 363, 368, 369, 401, 437, 451, 454, 457, 476, 552, 554 Foundation, 454 founded, 14, 24, 25, 41, 42, 48, 100, 142, 147, 171, 235, 242, 247, 255, 308, 362, 445, 459, 464, 467, 479, 489, 508, 512, 518 founder, 14, 17, 23, 209, 243, 494, 512, 541, 545 Founder, 492 founding, 18, 28, 161, 177, 227, 254, 271, 329, 343, 358, 360, 472, 527, 528 foundry, 79, 510 foundrys, 510 Fowler, 417 Francis, 541 Francois, 555 Frank, 212, 433, 492, 534, 555, 557 Franklin, 224, 226, 227, 228, 229, 233, 235, 250, 251, 252, 253, 254, 255, 256, 257, 258, 259, 260, 261, 263, 264, 266, 267, 270, 278, 279, 296, 298, 300, 363, 368, 385, 412, 415, 421, 427, 453, 454, 469, 472, 485, 494, 512, 513, 514, 515, 516, 517, 518, 519, 520, 522, 524, 527, 528, 538, 539 Fraser's, 375, 530 fraternity, 281 Fraternity, 525 fraud, 34, 54, 55, 169, 170, 188, 233, 239, 355, 364, 506 frauds, 245 fraudulent, 270, 550 freak, 325 Fred, 393 Frederic, 181, 182, 192, 486 Frederick, 189, 248, 322, 369, 370, 449, 454, 504, 509, 513, 520, 534, 543 Fredericktown, 470, 476 Fredonia (NY) Censor, 454, 484, (misspelled �Freedonia�), 485 Freedom: Freedom, Cattaraugus Co., NY, 249, 252, 418, 420, 426, 496, 497, 502, 509, (LDS Church at) 514, (first brick house at) 525 Freedom/Farmersville area (NY), 418 Freedom-Buffalo (40 mi.), 509 Freedom-Canandaigua (80 mi.), 509 Freedom to Ellicottville (63 mi.), 426 Freedom to Livonia (45 mi.), 426 Freedonia (see Fredonia) Freeman (surname): Theron Freeman, 338 Freeman (see Palmyra Freeman, also biblio.) Freeman's Oath: Edward Cowdery took at Tunbridge, VT, 1794, 406 Freemason, 251, 467 Freemasons, 229, 268, 270 Freemasonry, 229, 266, 269, 270, 304, 476, 524, 525, 526, 527 Freeport, 217, 218, 224, 385, 414, 420, 496 Free-thinker, 443 French, 128, 131, 147, 216, 402, 472, 487, 492, 513, 524 frenzy, 201 frequented, 28, 91, 103, 104, 124, 197, 216, 268, 278, 404 Friedman, 503 friend, 10, 33, 63, 65, 67, 78, 108, 113, 122, 127, 128, 134, 135, 154, 159, 165, 221, 222, 226, 228, 233, 242, 244, 254, 255, 259, 263, 267, 271, 273, 276, 279, 292, 296, 315, 317, 319, 326, 336, 345, 348, 357, 358, 362, 395, 401, 430, 452, 457, 460, 463, 477, 478, 492, 500, 501, 506, 519, 531, 532 friendly, 57, 113, 143, 153, 255, 260, 298, 302, 328, 467, 541, 551 friends, 27, 36, 51, 54, 70, 72, 80, 83, 102, 105, 108, 119, 126, 132, 154, 155, 164, 166, 175, 177, 180, 190, 192, 204, 205, 209, 211, 212, 226, 228, 229, 252, 253, 255, 261, 273, 277, 295, 298, 301, 326, 327, 345, 352, 360, 391, 398, 435, 480, 500 Friends, 501, 549 Friendship, 315, 336, 353, 358, 488, 549, 551 Friendship Sesquentennial, 549 Friendship Sesquicentennial, 488 Friendship Sesqui-Centennial, 549 Friendship Standard, 551 Frisbie, 213, 220, 359, 493, 494, 498, 501 frontier, 26, 99, 170, 212, 214, 216, 217, 219, 230, 257, 286, 403, 404, 413, 457, 516, 558 Frontier, 531 frontispiece, 487 front-page, 511 Frost, 160 frothed, 483 fruit, 156, 201, 229, 478, 532, 535 Ft., 274, 472 Fuller, 212, 213, 229, 260, 261, 263, 264, 402, 413, 415, 419, 493, 494, 513, 522, 523 Fullmer, 375 Fulton, 412, 414, 496 Fultons, 412, 496 Fun Facts, 548 funds, 149, 192, 490 funeral, 277, 286, 334, 337, 385, 451, 482 funerary, 360, 442 Funk, 441, 451, 471 furnace, 52 future, 16, 82, 83, 85, 93, 196, 198, 225, 235, 242, 243, 253, 276, 308, 326, 355, 501 futurity, 111, 318 G gab: D. P. Hurlbut was reportedly full of gab, 74 (misspelled gall), 435 Gaines, 279, 516 gall (see gab) Gamaliel, 246, 507 Gandhi: Mohandas Gandhi (quote from), 356 gang, 112, 186, 227, 229, 261, 510 Ganson: James Ganson (charged with crime in NY), 524 n.133 gap, 93, 96, 210, 308, 349 gaps, 235, 346, 348, 349 garbled, 532 Garden, 542 Gardner, 535 Garfield, 44, 447, 543 Garret: Garret Purnee (of Sodus, Wayne Co., NY), 325 Garrit Brass (d. 1837, OH), 363 Garrit (Garet) Brass (d. 1837, OH), 481 n.43 Garrit (see Garret) Gaston: Rev. James E. Gaston (of Warren, OH), 467 n.69, 480 n.40 Gates, 213, 260, 407, 415, 419 gathering, 55, 73, 165, 168, 331 Gauge: Gauge of Philosophy (nickname for W. W. Phelps), 430 n.3 Gazette, 72, 117, 167, 278, 410, 445, 449, 463, 464, 467, 468, 469, 470, 475, 477, 481, 505, 506, 507, 511, 513, 514, 518, 524, 528, 538 Gazetteer, 344, 353, 493, 501, 513, 516, 557 gazing, 382, 530 Gear, 455 Geauga, 46, 57, 59, 70, 131, 336, 338, 339, 342, 434, 435, 437, 439, 443, 447, 448, 461, 473, 481, 524, 548 Gee: George Gee (LDS, Thompson, OH, 1830s), 35, 436 n.48 Gen., 365, 440, 511 Genealogical, 442, 446, 453, 471, 492, 513, 516, 519, 532, 534, 555, 557 genealogy, 404, 494, 557 Genealogy, 215, 250, 261, 298, 404, 405, 406, 407, 409, 416, 474, 492, 493, 494, 495, 496, 498, 499, 500, 502, 507, 508, 509, 511, 512, 513, 514, 515, 516, 519, 534, 535, 538, 539, 555, 557, 558 General, 44, 52, 139, 272, 365, 404, 432, 461, 464, 499, 529, 552 Genesee, 216, 218, 224, 228, 251, 252, 254, 255, 256, 265, 266, 278, 279, 283, 359, 384, 403, 409, 411, 414, 418, 419, 420, 421, 422, 423, 495, 512, 514, 515, 522, 525, 531, 538, 554, 557 Geneseo, 217, 411, 412, 413, 420, 423, 426, 496, 512, 513 Geneva, 198, 233, 296, 298, 299, 300, 422, 426, 446, 461, 483, 484, 512, 513, 514, 538, 539 gentile, 160, 193, 520 Gentile, 190, 361, 545 gentiles, 29, 461 Gentiles, 392 Gentleman, 397 genuine, 81, 155, 201, 251, 322, 358, 402 geographical, 86 geography, 87, 88, 453 Geography, 84 Geo., 513 George, 9, 13, 35, 99, 128, 131, 132, 133, 156, 160, 167, 188, 267, 276, 280, 281, 285, 318, 353, 358, 402, 429, 432, 434, 435, 436, 438, 439, 443, 449, 451, 453, 457, 472, 474, 477, 479, 485, 488, 507, 518, 522, 531, 535, 544, 552, 553 German, 172, 538 Gertrude: Gertrude Van Rensselaer Wickham (auth. see biblio.), 507 n.29 get-rich-quick, 544 giant, 191 giants, 446 Gibson, 511 Gibsonburg, 73, 166, 435 Giddings, 275, 529 Giddins, 525, 529 Gideon: Gideon Granger (1767-1823 -- SS�s land business partner in OH), 139, 432 n.12 Gilbert, 191, 192, 250, 317, 319, 322, 379, 380, 431, 504, 511, 544, 550 Giles, 287, 337, 338 Gillespie, 544 Girard, 168 girl, 71, 323, 392, 412, 446, 496, 499, 501 girls, 215, 224, 261, 285, 405, 499, 522 Givens, 369, 554 Glass, 228, 396, 419, 494 glass-looking, 375, 376, 523, 530, 539 Gleanings, 464, 467, 543 Glendale, 492 Globe-Democrat, 549 Gnosis, 526 God, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 18, 24, 30, 35, 36, 71, 84, 86, 155, 169, 170, 172, 175, 177, 178, 186, 192, 202, 205, 227, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 261, 262, 265, 289, 296, 299, 303, 307, 308, 313, 314, 315, 351, 355, 356, 358, 364, 365, 376, 377, 380, 394, 436, 454, 466, 480, 482, 483, 488, 520, 529, 542, 544, 551, 552, 554 God's, 10, 11, 12, 169, 178, 230, 261, 262, 265, 307, 308, 358, 364, 376, 482, 544 godhead, 192, 489 Goff, 535 gold, 23, 71, 178, 186, 229, 232, 240, 265, 302, 310, 315, 316, 317, 320, 323, 327, 374, 375, 376, 417, 506, 530, 544 Gold / Golden Bible (see also Mormon Bible, and lit. index) JS�s Golden Bible measured nearly six inches in thickness, 24 JS resurrected Spalding's Manuscript Found as the Golden Bible, 33 Henry Lake read the LDS Golden Bible in 1832-33, 44-5, John N. Miller�s memory of SS�s writings compared with LDS Gold Bible, 46 Hill Cumorah in NY was earlier known as Gold / Golden Bible Hill, 183, 192, 198-201, 294 , 327 JS made a league with the spirit to obtain the Gold Bible, 219 O. Cowdery was JS�s chief scribe in translating the Golden Bible, 234 Martin Harris anticipated the profits to be made in printing the Gold Bible, 240 Orsamus Turner felt O. Cowdery�s imagination accounted for the Golden Bible, 244 Orsamus Turner felt SS�s writings a possible supplement to Gold Bible, 244 Newly published Book of Mormon called Golden Bible in OH in 1830, 245-6, 506 n.26 O. Cowdery and JS originated Golden Bible as a �string of jargon,� 246 JSS�s family called JS�s book of plates �the Golden Bible,� 322, 346 as late as 1880s S. Rigdon family called the BoM �the Golden Bible,� 354-5, 549 n.5 the JSS family and local money-diggers known as the Gold Bible Co., 358 Egbert B. Grandin first turned down a proposition to print the Golden Bible, 379 JS�s work in bringing forth the BoM called �the Gold Bible business,� 387 in title of E. D. Howe�s 1834 book, the BoM called the �Golden Bible,� 437 n.57 1839 pub. of SS�s widow�s statement entitled �Origin of� Golden Bible,� 440 n.80 J. H. Kennedy called the coming forth of the BoM, the Gold Bible delusion, 490 n.12 1830 series of articles in Palmyra Reflector entitled �Gold Bible�,� 499 n.43, 546 n.38 1830 article in Palmyra Reflector called Martin Harris a Gold Bible witness, 502 n.52 1831 article in Ohio newspaper called BoM "Something New -- Gold Bible," 502 n.52 Orsamus Turner called the Book of Mormon, the Gold Bible, 506 n.25 as early as 1827 newspapers reported discovery of a Golden Bible, 543 n.16 discovery of Golden Bible reported in Palmyra paper, June 1829, 543 n.17 Gold Bible, 5, 45, 183, 191, 219, 240, 244, 358, 387, 499, 502, 506, 546 Gold-Bible, 490 golden, 24, 180, 183, 185, 186, 187, 198, 202, 203, 295, 296, 297, 379, 491 Goodell, 286, 337, 482 Goodell's, 337 Goodwin, 526 Gorden, 68, 473 Gordon, 175, 197, 198, 207, 294, 326, 333, 346, 464, 489, 490, 491, 537, 546 Gorham, 258, 485, 498, 500, 503, 504, 506, 513, 517, 536, 539, 546 Goshen, 422 Gospel / gospel: �Minister of the Gospel� (title used by Mormon preachers), 32 D. P. Hurlbut and Orson Hyde preach LDS gosepl in PA, 35 missionaries preach Gospel in Aron Wright�s cabin, OH, 67 S. Rigdon ordained Minister of the Gospel, 1820, OH, 101, 285, 312 Campbellite Gospel restoration movement, 170 LDS believe JS�s first vision began gospel restoration, 177 S. Rigdon �obeyed the Gospel� (converted to LDS), 1830, 205 O. Cowdery�s privations for the gospel�s sake, 305 S. Rigdon spoke on restoration of the ancient gospel, 1830, 313 S. Rigdon first to preach LDS gospel at Palmyra, NY, 1830, 323 Emily Coburn Austin: �a course of gospel labor commenced�) 328 The Gospel of the Ages (see biblio.), 491 n.3 gossip, 103, 296, 475, 499 Gould, 52 Gov., 434 govern, 32, 477 governed, 50, 283 government, 82, 169, 170, 192, 226, 304, 431, 456, 470 governor, 524 Governor, 272, 273, 464, 516 governs, 201 Gowanda: North Gowanda (prev. Lodi), NY, John Cowdery in, 1826-28, 217, 518 n.102 South Gowanda, NY, John Cowdery in, 1826-29, 420 South Gowanda, NY, John Cowdery in, 1830-66, 421 Grace, 493 graduate, 107, 390, 439, 457 graduated, 431, 464, 468, 477 Grafton, 507 Graham, 465, 470 Grambo: Lippincott, Grambo & Co. (pub. see biblio.), 469 n.77 grammar, 439, 442 grammatical, 126 Grand, 101, 270, 339, 340, 341, 429, 475, 497, 526, 528, 529, 530 grandchild, 488 grandchildren, 353, 410, 557 granddaughter, 298, 442, 495 grandfather, 213, 214, 250, 354, 387, 412, 496, 557 Grandin, 191, 250, 317, 348, 379, 380, 501, 504, 506, 541, 549 Grandison, 53, 365, 438, 553 grandmother, 133, 213, 260, 431 grandnephew, 224, 557 grandniece, 51, 59, 451 grandson, 224, 324, 354, 387, 409, 413, 414, 495, 514, 557 granduncle, 132, 266, 403, 405, 419, 423, 493, 514 Granger, 139, 248, 432, 449, 475, 509 Grant, 159, 172, 479, 483, 542 Grantham, 407, 495 Gratz, 506 grave, 27, 128, 202, 240, 351, 430, 474, 505, 553 graves, 446, 474 gravesite, 131 graveyard, 474 Gray, 339 Grayson, 522, 556 Great, 177, 188, 217, 218, 219, 221, 381, 430, 445, 483, 484, 552 great-aunt, 213 great-grand-daughter, 415 great-grandmother, 431 Grecian: Grecian and Roman history (Rigdon�s knowledge of), 458 n.7 Greek, 127, 187 Green, 149, 267, 313, 433, 477, 525, 526, 528, 534, 543 Green(e), 267, 525, 526, 528, 534 Greene, 189, 286, 406, 448, 535 Greencastle, IN, 96 Greenfield, 468 Greensburg, 286, 287, 289, 337, 535 Greenwood, 522, 523, 535 greeny, 182 Gregg, 288, 291, 295, 319, 347, 349, 402, 472, 522, 536, 537 Gregory: Frederic Gregory Mather (1844-1925), 181 Griffin: Mr. Griffin (Trumbull Co., OH), 534 n.3 Grimston: Rev. George Grimston Cookman, 13-14 grist, 190 gristmill, 64, 68, 432, 459 Grolier's Multi-Media Encyclopedia (see biblio.), 465 n.52 grove, 177, 178, 179, 202, 219, 328, 492 Grove, 131, 471, 473 Groveland, 223, 224, 252, 253, 254, 266, 412, 413, 416, 418, 502, 513, 514 Grover: Charles Grover (1891 statement), 443 n.6 Growth, 525, 534 guard, 190, 240, 275, 456 guarded, 71, 72, 185, 239, 351, 456 guardian, 24, 103, 221, 222, 227, 335, 373, 374, 376, 380, 468 guardianship, 336 guarding, 299, 371, 375, 530 guide, 216, 217, 230, 403, 404, 409 Guilpert, 433, 463, 477, 479, 483 guilty, 102, 155, 168, 272, 273, 320, 326, 395, 461, 526, 528, 529, 530 Gulf: Gulf Summit, Broome Co., NY, 508 n.39 gullible, 17, 46, 232, 296, 308, 359, 538 gun, 215, 318 guns, 72, 318 Gunn, 340, 493 Gunnell: Wayne C. Gunnell (see Biblio.), 480 n.31 Gustavus (Trumbull Co., OH), 286, 535 Gustavus-Greensburg area (Trumbull Co., OH), 535 H habit, 94, 171, 210, 286, 287, 312, 317, 502 habits, 75, 84, 495 Haddam, 216, 422, 493, 494, 535 Hadley: Jonathan A. Hadley (early newsman, NY � see biblio.), 543 n.17 Haffelfinfer: Claxton, Remson and Haffelfinfer (pub. see biblio.), 502 n.46 Haigh: David Haigh (indicted 1827, NY), 272 Hail (see Hale) Halbert, 266, 524 Hale, 73, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 232, 234, 293, 306, 374, 375, 377, 378, 381, 448, 450, 501 (Hil) 501, 502, 523, 530, 540, 542 half-brother, 284, 496 half-century, 447 half-fare, 428 half-sister, 410 half-sisters, 209, 212, 228, 540 half-way, 275, 362, 379, 468, 557 Hall, 275, 393, 432, 439, 447, 459, 482, 542, 543, 548, 555 Halsey, 204, 491 Hamblin, 206, 207 Hamden, 342 Hamilton, 122, 127, 225, 241, 254, 265, 271, 272, 455, 465, 471, 503, 504, 505, 507, 508, 510, 511, 512, 513, 517, 518, 520, 522 Hamley, 207 Hamlin, 206, 499, 500 Hananniah, 438 Hancock, 440, 466, 522 Hand: Thankful Halsey Hand (md. P. P. Pratt, 1826), 204, (died 1837) 491 n.16 By the Hand of Mormon (see biblio.), 554 n.1 History of Joseph [Corroden] Kingsbury as Written by his own Hand (see biblio.) 554 n.2 Hand St. (Pittsburgh, PA), 120 hand-presses, 191 handwriting, 60, 61, 64, 66, 79, 93, 97, 158, 179, 191, 280, 447, 450, 456, 545 handwritten, 61, 64, 68, 337, 370, 439, 445, 482, 496, 497, 503, 505, 517, 528, 533, 557 hand-written, 473, 550 Hanna: Hanna (Ana) Montogmery Wight (md. Aron Wright, 1800, OH), 67, 466 Hannah (first name): Hannah Tanner (d. 1827, OH), 338 Hannah (surname): William Herbert Hanna (auth. see biblio), 466 n.61 Hans, 458 Hanson, 440, 549 harassment, 230, 232, 295, 376, 377, 443, 538 Harbinger, 354, 460, 482, 483, 542, 548 Harbison, 478 Harbor: Conneaut Harbor (Ashtabula Co., OH), 84 Fairport Harbor (Geauga Co., OH), 428 Harbor street (Conneaut, OH), 438 n.64 Harcourt, 492 Harford, 131, 157, 158, 474 Harley, 409, 508, 558 Harmon, 313, 458, 483 Harmony, 211, 232, 234, 262, 263, 264, 271, 293, 296, 297, 300, 301, 305, 306, 307, 308, 330, 332, 333, 356, 372, 374, 377, 378, 380, 381, 382, 397, 486, 487, 502, 521, 522, 523, 527, 528, 538, 539 Harold, 551 Harper, 96, 184, 372, 444, 457, 502 Harper's, 96 Harpersfield, 96, 445, 446 Harriet, 69, 343, 499, 525, 535, 544 Harrington, 67 Harris, 32, 161, 162, 186, 187, 188, 192, 198, 199, 202, 203, 232, 233, 234, 239, 240, 243, 267, 276, 277, 296, 299, 300, 301, 302, 303, 304, 306, 307, 308, 311, 320, 322, 324, 347, 348, 356, 358, 360, 371, 376, 386, 387, 391, 396, 400, 404, 447, 450, 454, 471, 479, 480, 486, 487, 488, 490, 492, 502, 503, 504, 506, 522, 524, 531, 532, 538, 539, 540, 541, 542, 545, 551, 552, 555, 556 MH (Martin Harris), 371, 376, 377, 378, 379, 380, 381 Martin Harris met all of Mark Twain�s qualifications for a fool, 360 Harrises, 276 Harrisburg, 455 Harrison, 17, 105, 134, 137, 175, 292, 319, 321, 336, 352, 357, 376, 429, 483, 484, 490, 539, 544, 553 Harry, 492 Hart, 505 Hartford, 101, 408, 413, 414, 415, 417, 421, 431, 459, 494, 513, 535, 536, 557 Hartland, 216, 260, 284, 403, 405, 406, 407, 408, 410, 413, 414, 494, 495, 509, 535 Hartley, 501, 549 Hartshorn, 53, 441 Hartwick, 31, 54, 55, 59, 77, 122, 398, 451, 465 Hartwicks, 55 harvest, 141, 229, 261, 287, 320, 333, 343, 347, 522, 536 harvested, 347 Harvey, 258, 441, 508, 518, 519, 538 Haskell, 439 Haskins, 507, 508 Hatch, 519, 551 hatred, 193, 448 haunt, 397 haunts, 385 Haute, 276, 531 Haven, 113, 115, 116, 117, 466, 467 Haviland, 444 Hawaii, 60, 77, 96, 429, 452, 477 Hawthorn, 468 Hayden, 171, 310, 342, 390, 447, 459, 466, 467, 482, 542, 547, 548, 555 Hayes, 521 hay-field, 189 Hays', 337 hazel, 182, 183, 220, 492 hazel-rod, 220 headquarters, 7, 17, 34, 382, 427, 430 headstone, 430 healer, 198 health, 25, 27, 68, 107, 123, 129, 134, 142, 152, 164, 253, 260, 265, 362, 431, 464, 493, 551 healthy, 125, 127, 134, 163, 230 hearsay, 116, 117, 149, 244, 318, 325, 481 heart, 30, 70, 134, 172, 180, 198, 261, 400, 452, 456 Heart and Mind: Heart and Mind: The Newsletter of Gospel Truth Ministries (see biblio.), 454 n.24 hearth, 323 hearthstone, 180 heaven, 10, 230, 297, 399 Heaven, 172, 303, 529, 543 heavenly, 190 Heber: Heber C. Kimball (LDS apostle), 156, (md. Hulda Barnes), 435-6 n.45 Hebraistic: SS�s Roman story not written in sham Hebraistic, 89 Hebrew (language & script): S. Rigdon reportedly studied it as a youth, 127 Prof. Anthon sees inverted Hebrew characters in transcript, 187 Urim and Thummim, Hebrew words, 430 n.3 Dr. Horwitz teaches it in Pittsburgh in 1815, 468 n.77 "Professor Sexias, the Hebrew Bible, and the Book of Abraham,� (see biblio.) 552 n.21 Hebrews (see lit. index) Hector, 361 hegira, 545 heir, 508, 530 heirs, 221, 444 Helen, 499 hellish, 397, 399 Helper, 556 Heman, 334, 514, 548 Hemenway, 493, 497, 501, 514 hemp, 393 Hen Peck Hill, Palmyra, NY, 191 henchmen, 160 Hendrix, 549 Henrietta, 423 Henry, 13, 26, 29, 45, 48, 50, 51, 52, 53, 61, 64, 66, 86, 109, 141, 187, 198, 201, 269, 294, 327, 417, 430, 432, 439, 444, 453, 470, 489, 508, 525, 535, 536, 547, 552 Henshaw, 289 Herald, 245, 247, 387, 429, 431, 432, 433, 435, 450, 458, 469, 479, 489, 492, 497, 503, 506, 508, 509, 528, 533, 540, 542, 544, 550, 554 Herald-Western, 431 herb, 220 herbal, 355, 509 herbalist, 214 Herbert, 466 heresies, 153, 461 heresy, 153 heretic, 299 heretical, 449 Heritage, 463, 480 Herkimer, 71, 439 Hermetic: "Joseph Smith: America's Hermetic Prophet," (see biblio.), 526 n.148 hero, 46, 90, 250 heroes, 41 Heroes, 445 heroic, 457 heroine, 246 herring: (see red herring) Herrington, 340, 341 Hervy, 492 Hess, 488, 549, 551 Hezekiah: Hezekiah Ripley (early NY newsman), 251, 278 by Hezekiah A. Salisbury (1789-1856), 507 n.35 hid, 155, 186, 200, 294, 326 hidden, 23, 75, 118, 139, 160, 182, 222, 223, 232, 233, 239, 268, 306, 314, 320, 322, 369, 371, 373, 374, 375, 376, 377, 383, 387, 526, 530 hide, 106, 210, 219, 262, 356, 362, 404, 461 hideout, 218 hides, 377 hiding-place, 184 hierarchy, 7, 156, 277, 442 hieroglyphic, 180, 384, 554 hieroglyphic-like, 384 hieroglyphics, 24, 186, 187, 188, 198, 203, 232, 233, 306, 376, 377, 383, 386, 538, 554, 555 Hieroglyphique, 555 hieroglyphs, 386, 387 High, 33, 35, 161, 276, 288, 358, 529, 531, 544 High Council, 358, 531 High Priest, 33, 276, 529, 531, 544 High Priests, 35, 161, 288 Highlander, 556 Highlands, 468 Highlites, 461 highway, 67, 557 Hiland, 237, 493, 497, 501, 503 Hilands, 468 hill, 23, 24, 86, 178, 183, 184, 185, 201, 202, 231, 232, 234, 289, 294, 295, 323, 327, 351, 358, 373, 374, 375, 376, 454, 501, 537 Hill, 183, 185, 191, 198, 201, 221, 239, 240, 293, 294, 321, 326, 327, 343, 368, 374, 375, 404, 481, 484, 493, 494, 507, 510, 523, 528, 533, 537, 542, 545, 546, 550 hills, 99, 198, 200, 220, 229, 294, 326 Hills, 544 Hillsborough, 219 Hillsdale, 317, 320, 438 hillsides, 183 Hine, 399, 436, 450, 486, 488, 539, 555 Hinkle / Hinkelites: George M. Hinkle (early LDS & Hinkelite leader), 479 n.30 Hinman, 528 Hiram, 51, 52, 60, 61, 66, 171, 288, 380, 382, 444, 447 hired, 29, 86, 229, 292, 316, 395, 521 hireling, 316, 544 hireling shepard, 316, 544 hiring, 292, 358, 521 historian, 29, 46, 48, 68, 78, 80, 100, 120, 155, 159, 181, 203, 207, 210, 213, 218, 220, 237, 242, 267, 273, 281, 288, 353, 356, 359, 364, 369, 395, 402, 435, 436, 443, 449, 453, 463, 473, 481, 485, 489, 491, 496, 497, 503, 514, 521, 525, 526, 528, 554, 556 historians, 43, 99, 103, 139, 155, 207, 209, 210, 237, 287, 308, 314, 362, 369, 389, 447, 525 historical, 9, 10, 17, 18, 25, 28, 30, 40, 41, 42, 43, 45, 48, 52, 58, 62, 65, 69, 107, 108, 109, 126, 141, 142, 227, 255, 280, 357, 358, 367, 462, 482, 485, 489, 520, 550, 551 Historical, 82, 83, 97, 159, 337, 353, 396, 430, 432, 433, 436, 437, 440, 441, 442, 443, 444, 445, 447, 449, 451, 452, 455, 456, 458, 459, 461, 464, 465, 468, 469, 470, 472, 473, 474, 476, 477, 478, 481, 482, 483, 484, 485, 488, 489, 492, 493, 494, 497, 501, 504, 505, 506, 511, 513, 514, 516, 521, 524, 525, 534, 535, 536, 543, 544, 549, 554 histories, 29, 100, 119, 175, 198, 203, 252, 362, 379, 385, 405, 484, 527, 549 History, 4, 15, 29, 47, 75, 121, 126, 159, 175, 177, 180, 181, 204, 211, 214, 271, 322, 329, 331, 334, 342, 344, 353, 367, 375, 394, 402, 410, 411, 416, 429, 431, 432, 433, 434, 435, 436, 437, 438, 439, 440, 441, 442, 444, 445, 446, 447, 448, 453, 454, 455, 458, 459, 460, 461, 463, 464, 465, 466, 467, 468, 469, 471, 474, 475, 477, 478, 479, 480, 481, 482, 483, 484, 485, 486, 487, 488, 489, 491, 492, 493, 494, 495, 496, 497, 498, 500, 501, 502, 503, 504, 505, 506, 507, 508, 509, 510, 511, 512, 513, 514, 515, 516, 517, 518, 519, 520, 521, 522, 523, 525, 526, 527, 528, 531, 532, 534, 535, 536, 537, 538, 539, 540, 541, 542, 543, 544, 546, 547, 548, 549, 552, 553, 554, 555, 556, 557, 558 HOAX, 401 hoaxes, 556 Hockhocking, 408, 419, 495 Hocking, 408, 409 Hocus Pocus (magical trickery): J. J. Moss proficient in, 393 Hodges, 35 Hoe's, 191 Hogan, 525, 526 Holbrook, 58, 69, 448 Holcomb, 447 Holdship, 470 holes, 185, 200, 318 Holland, 241, 260, 323, 403, 409, 411, 412, 415, 431, 483, 503, 505, 507, 517, 556, 557 Holley, 454 Hollis, 96, 97 Holliston, 113, 116 Hollistown, 113 Holly, 454 Holmes, 72 holograph, 396, 452, 453, 455, 456, 462, 509 holy, 11, 12, 75, 111, 112, 168, 318, 398, 399, 520 home, 23, 44, 49, 54, 67, 79, 83, 99, 104, 119, 121, 122, 127, 141, 153, 166, 168, 177, 178, 182, 185, 209, 213, 215, 220, 230, 237, 239, 263, 264, 268, 273, 278, 280, 283, 287, 288, 290, 292, 295, 297, 298, 303, 304, 305, 312, 316, 319, 320, 321, 324, 331, 332, 337, 338, 342, 343, 345, 353, 362, 363, 373, 374, 375, 376, 379, 382, 385, 390, 395, 405, 413, 415, 425, 448, 449, 451, 469, 472, 474, 478, 485, 488, 497, 499, 502, 508, 519, 523, 532, 541, 549, 553 Homer: W[illiam]. H. Homer persuaded Martin Harris to come to UT, 479 Michael W. Homer (auth. see biblio.) 527 n.148 homes, 136, 287, 481 homestead, 393, 437 Hon., 33, 62, 63, 64, 434, 441 Hond (see Fond in lit. index) honest, 10, 15, 50, 70, 91, 106, 116, 117, 124, 144, 185, 195, 205, 239, 261, 311, 499, 519, 532 honestly, 359 honesty, 551 Honesty, 356, 551 Honolulu, 77, 452 honor, 128, 273, 363, 457, 472 Honorable, 462, 528 hope, 12, 27, 46, 70, 74, 127, 134, 253, 264, 265, 273, 301, 304, 355, 357, 440 hopeful, 105, 140, 469 hopes, 26, 226, 229, 240, 489, 516, 551 Hopkins, 105, 119, 143, 175, 463, 470 Horace (see also lit. index): Mrs. Dr. Horace Eaton (auth. see biblio.), 491 n.16 Horizon, 548 horse, 32, 119, 170, 190, 192, 276, 284, 301, 302, 335, 380, 425, 506, 518 horses, 427 horseback, 163, 312, 425 Horton, 513 Horwitz, 468 Hosea: The Diary of Hosea Stout (see biblio.), 531 n.169 hostelry, 439 hostile, 35, 264, 472 hotbed, 476 Hotchkin, 484 hotel, 127, 134, 161, 441, 499 Hough, 527 Houghton, 480, 492, 525 house, 34, 37, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 48, 52, 55, 58, 62, 67, 71, 72, 84, 91, 95, 97, 101, 106, 112, 114, 120, 122, 123, 124, 125, 127, 129, 134, 148, 162, 163, 172, 173, 185, 186, 187, 192, 205, 226, 238, 254, 290, 291, 292, 297, 301, 305, 306, 311, 314, 315, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 323, 324, 328, 337, 341, 347, 348, 352, 370, 371, 373, 376, 383, 399, 400, 401, 431, 439, 462, 469, 473, 481, 483, 486, 497, 504, 509, 517, 525, 532, 536, 546, 556, 557 houses, 85, 175, 183, 313, 461 houseboy, 515 housed, 66, 198, 494 household, 132, 133, 142, 218, 234, 238, 239, 240, 241, 254, 341, 378, 431 households, 445 Howard (first name): Howard A. Davis (co-author � see biblio.), 1, 3, 4, 455 n.38, 479 n.19 Howard Allen (pub. see biblio), 451 n.50 Howard A. Barron (auth. see biblio.), 548 n.97 Howard (surname): Dr. Nahum Howard (d. 1841, OH), 43, 49, 52, 53, 438 n.64, 439 n.71, 441 n.83, 444 n.14 Nathan Howard (bro. of Nahum � names often confused): 51, 441 n.83 Richard P. Howard (auth. see biblio), 432 n.21, 509 n.40 Harriet Howard Walters (md. Luman Walters, 1819, VT), 499 n.44 Howe, 39, 44, 46, 47, 49, 51, 58, 59, 60, 63, 64, 68, 69, 70, 71, 73, 74, 75, 77, 78, 79, 80, 85, 87, 88, 109, 111, 113, 117, 122, 131, 135, 143, 144, 151, 154, 165, 166, 167, 168, 175, 181, 195, 196, 197, 198, 203, 247, 265, 322, 345, 347, 358, 363, 365, 368, 369, 390, 393, 402, 435, 437, 438, 439, 441, 442, 443, 444, 448, 450, 451, 452, 453, 454, 464, 465, 466, 473, 476, 478, 480, 481, 482, 486, 489, 491, 492, 493, 502, 508, 513, 523, 528, 530, 531, 533, 536, 537, 539, 540, 542, 543, 545, 550, 551 Howlett, 212, 418 Hubbel, 129 Hubbell, 537 Hudson, 446, 520 Hugh, 369, 490, 506, 550 Hulbert, 32, 35, 266, 448, 524 Hulda, 435, 449 Huldah, 213, 407, 494, 495 Hull, 107, 464 Hull's, 107 human, 10, 11, 27, 29, 81, 82, 84, 106, 201, 299, 307, 383, 393, 446 humankind, 177 Humboldt (see von Humboldt) humbug, 221, 239 humorous, 36, 45, 48, 134, 180, 447 hunt, 314 Hunt, 528 hunter, 215, 450, 557 Hunter, 214, 216, 429 hunters, 265, 430, 450 hunting, 121, 215, 265, 314, 490 Huntington, 434, 450, 493, 497, 509, 513, 514, 515, 516, 529, 534, 538, 540, 557 Huntington's, 434 Hurd, 431, 465, 480 Hurlbert, 57, 58 Hurlburt, 31, 47, 55, 57, 70, 196, 441, 449, 524 Hurlbut, 30, 31, 32, 34, 35, 36, 38, 39, 40, 41, 43, 44, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 86, 87, 88, 90, 93, 99, 106, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 114, 117, 122, 131, 140, 143, 144, 145, 149, 151, 155, 165, 166, 167, 168, 175, 176, 181, 195, 196, 197, 198, 203, 276, 288, 292, 303, 304, 347, 355, 363, 369, 393, 433, 435, 436, 437, 438, 439, 441, 442, 443, 444, 447, 448, 449, 450, 451, 452, 464, 465, 466, 476, 480, 481, 482, 486, 490, 502, 504, 507, 524, 528, 530, 533, 536, 550, 554 Hurlbut/Howe: D. P. Hurlbut and Eber D. Howe (witnesses to events, 1833-34), 181 Hurlbut's, 34, 35, 36, 38, 39, 47, 48, 50, 51, 52, 54, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 64, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 87, 93, 99, 106, 149, 151, 165, 166, 167, 195, 196, 304, 355, 436, 437, 439, 443, 444, 448, 449, 450, 452, 465, 481, 490 hurlings, 54, 75, 490 Huron, 343 Hurst, 466 husband, 34, 49, 53, 54, 58, 78, 96, 102, 105, 106, 109, 110, 113, 117, 122, 133, 134, 140, 142, 152, 156, 163, 165, 188, 189, 213, 233, 234, 239, 267, 280, 281, 299, 301, 302, 305, 327, 352, 353, 358, 361, 377, 381, 409, 410, 415, 417, 421, 451, 457, 480, 488, 490, 494, 495, 506, 529, 532, 540 husband's, 53, 54, 58, 122, 165, 189, 280, 299, 352, 410, 451 Hussey, 485 Hussy, 180, 181 hut, 545 Hutchins, 464 Hwy., 557 Hyatt, 505 Hyde, 33, 34, 35, 62, 63, 71, 72, 156, 159, 160, 167, 172, 343, 360, 434, 435, 436, 438, 449, 483, 514, 531, 543, 548, 553, 554 hypnotic, 392 hypocrisy, 355 hypocrite, 391, 490 hypocrites, 74, 201 hypocritic, 199 hypocritical, 246 hypodermically, 509 hypothesis, 49, 206, 257, 265, 278, 295, 300, 305, 334, 337, 526, 554 Hyram: Hyram Rathbun (Moravian 1851, OH; later LDS), 450 n.42 Hyrum, 34, 35, 156, 180, 182, 191, 204, 231, 233, 234, 238, 270, 289, 290, 292, 293, 305, 306, 307, 314, 323, 360, 369, 370, 372, 373, 375, 377, 378, 379, 380, 381, 382, 435, 447, 448, 449, 522, 523, 527, 537, 541, 544, 549 hysteria: War of 1812 hysteria in OH, 432 n.15 I Iago (S. Rigdon as � see lit. index): identical, 90, 108, 116, 386 identically, 505 identification, 31, 60, 454 identified, 29, 90, 92, 149, 188, 216, 218, 220, 242, 244, 252, 258, 292, 334, 360, 403, 420, 449, 497, 506, 508, 509 identifies, 10, 87, 137, 140, 299, 334, 485, 499, 507 identify, 14, 39, 74, 211, 258, 277, 322, 347, 383, 386, 398, 416, 492 identifying, 12, 165, 243, 387, 455, 456, 556 identities, 491, 528 identity, 15, 61, 206, 347, 518 idiosyncrasies, 447 idleness, 84, 453 idler, 382, 397 idol, 464 idolaters, 84 idolatrous, 114, 115 idolize, 143, 225 ignorance, 199, 201, 222 ignorant, 23, 47, 68, 110, 112, 182, 202, 219, 222, 243, 246, 313, 314, 467 ignored, 81, 338, 362, 490 IL, 361, 375, 450, 466, 467, 476 ill, 25, 68, 123, 129, 233, 252, 265, 352, 364, 377, 431, 440, 449, 461, 464, 510, 531 Ill., 157, 395, 396, 416, 440, 466, 488, 509, 521, 544, 551 Illinois, 113, 133, 154, 172, 187, 288, 353, 395, 396, 439, 463, 478, 487, 521, 522, 536, 550, 558 illegal, 481 illegible, 62, 545 illegitimate, 196, 442, 459 illicit, 436 illiterate, 74, 435, 450 illness, 66, 89, 123, 170, 175, 508, 512 illuminating, 73, 128, 262, 544 illumination, 81, 273, 448, 468 illusions, 394 illustrated, 538 Illustrating, 458 Illustrations, 269, 281, 524, 525, 526, 527, 534 imagination, 39, 107, 124, 126, 200, 244, 446 imaginative, 180, 312, 487 imitating, 453 immaculate, 545 immature, 487 immersed, 11, 340, 341, 390, 535 immersion, 190 immigrants, 87 immigrated, 132, 509 immoralities, 111 immorality, 130, 131 immortalized, 196, 481 impartially, 369 impeach, 355 implicit, 109, 113, 353 imposing, 31, 433, 434 Imposition, 437 impossible, 10, 89, 117, 137, 143, 195, 281, 287, 309, 322, 342, 349, 487, 518 imposter, 278, 320 imposters, 240 impostor, 13, 222 impostors, 222, 498, 500 imposture, 18, 241, 325, 348, 551 impostures, 219 improprieties, 31, 192, 449, 450 inaccurate, 504 inactivity, 223, 453, 497, 528 Inc., 445, 511 incantations, 222, 239, 442 incarcerated, 440 incarceration, 529 incensed, 100, 440, 490 incite, 520 incompetent, 29, 128, 174, 433 incomplete, 81, 96, 259, 456, 527 incongruous, 555 inconsequential, 529 inconsistencies, 10, 73 inconsistency, 44, 50, 164 inconsistent, 13, 487 incorect, 396 incorporate, 439 incorporated, 97, 508, 517 incorporation, 492 incorrectly, 299, 301, 349 indecipherable, 386 Indenture, 531 independence, 89, 498, 536, 537 Independent, 439, 443, 494 in-depth treatment of the occult (by D. M. Quinn, 1987), 493 India (Capt. Kidd�s voyage to in 1697), 484 Indian, 24, 27, 47, 49, 67, 68, 78, 85, 97, 157, 162, 163, 216, 287, 309, 312, 313, 317, 363, 438, 446, 472, 484, 540, 542 Indians, 23, 27, 33, 40, 43, 44, 47, 48, 49, 50, 60, 67, 81, 84, 89, 152, 227, 230, 383, 403, 472, 478, 540 Indiana, 96, 276, 412, 531 IN, 408, 409, 417, 425 indigence, 453 indiscretion, 315 induce, 37, 302, 311 indulge, 312, 453 industrious, 195, 198, 200, 238, 318, 367, 490 inexplicably, 262, 447 infamous, 484 infant, 132, 186, 187, 442 infatuation, 189, 464 Infidel, 398 infidels, 36, 437 infirmities, 469 influence, 11, 47, 112, 171, 174, 206, 266, 290, 356, 460 influenced, 103, 117, 166, 174, 200, 283, 352, 489 influential, 16, 17, 43, 54, 509, 528, 531 Ingersal, 545 Ingersol, 318, 319 Ingersoll, 169, 320, 322, 347, 376, 446, 482, 539, 545 Ingersols, 319 ingratitude, 351, 526 inhabitants, 38, 42, 46, 78, 79, 82, 86, 96, 108, 119, 180, 183, 190, 222, 240, 309, 315, 323, 452 inhabited, 60, 82, 126 inheritance, 174, 336 inherited, 463, 464, 557 initial, 39, 127, 177, 279, 365, 431, 556 initials, 492 initiated, 73, 101, 216, 268, 271, 389, 404, 494, 527 initiations, 524 ink, 69, 81, 92, 237, 239, 247, 255, 256, 260, 517, 518 inking, 279 ink-stamped, 92 in-laws, 73, 223, 285, 385, 405, 417, 418, 419, 423, 424 inn, 133 innkeeper, 64, 246, 507 innocent, 112, 358, 361, 400, 440 innocently, 327 Inquirer, 480, 502 insane (mentality of W. W. Phelps in 1872) , 490 n.8 inscribed, 401 inscription, 90, 187, 397, 401, 402, 430, 493, 556 Inscriptions, 534 insight, 73, 83, 147, 361, 387, 460 insolvency, 218, 416, 497, 502 inspiration, 79, 81, 387, 446 inspired, 43, 62, 65, 143, 204, 245, 270, 370, 381, 484, 544 inspiring, 515 instability, 170, 542 Institute, 543 instruct, 453 instructions, 178, 258, 379, 518, 519, 553 Instructor, 434, 457, 477 Instructors, 491 instrument, 24, 240, 506 insulting, 520 integrity, 51, 73, 115, 232, 435, 519 intellectual, 170, 196, 264, 467 intelligence, 74, 526, 538 Intelligencer, 122, 125, 505, 552 intelligent, 112, 113, 124, 125, 163, 168, 201, 294, 450, 487, 533 intemperance, 450 intercourse, 167, 322, 436 interest, 28, 61, 62, 96, 97, 107, 108, 121, 131, 149, 165, 198, 211, 224, 227, 230, 232, 242, 253, 258, 263, 268, 271, 300, 314, 316, 358, 383, 404, 425, 468, 471, 475, 481, 490, 502, 508, 512, 530, 553 interested, 33, 34, 97, 108, 156, 227, 231, 260, 289, 301, 310, 314, 316, 317, 363, 453, 481, 513 interesting, 38, 47, 69, 87, 121, 122, 128, 140, 147, 156, 197, 209, 218, 220, 221, 250, 263, 264, 265, 271, 275, 289, 304, 314, 325, 328, 348, 432, 449, 453, 475, 526, 541, 545 Interlaken (NY): History of Genesee County, NY, pub. at, 1985 (see biblio.), 525 n.134 internal, 311, 520 International, 251, 443 interpolated, 435 interpolations, 232, 402 interposition, 202 interpret, 167, 222, 230, 305, 348 interpretation, 87, 168, 187, 250, 364, 453 interpreted, 7, 36, 87, 170, 363, 445, 476, 485 interpreter, 240 interrogate, 311 interrogation, 479 interview, 41, 50, 63, 104, 106, 113, 135, 143, 144, 151, 152, 166, 180, 213, 222, 317, 328, 349, 355, 402, 440, 441, 488, 545, 550, 551 interviewed, 44, 49, 86, 117, 149, 273, 444, 545 interviews, 29, 62, 63, 66, 181, 198, 389, 550 intimacies, 322 intimacy, 105, 135, 138, 156, 165, 166 intimate, 52, 62, 64, 90, 135, 226, 244, 253, 292, 358, 501, 506, 545 intimately, 103, 125 intimates, 180 intrigue (of Jos. Smith Sr.), 199 intriguing, 151, 221, 262, 269, 359, 363, 435, 488 introduction, 53, 54, 109, 116, 177, 196, 302, 433, 441, 444, 454, 479, 481, 482, 491, 492, 502, 537, 544, 553, 554 introductory, 451 intruders, 520 invasion, 507 invented, 39, 311 Inventing, 485, 505, 521, 523 invention, 29, 36, 39, 53, 90, 180, 202, 436 investigate, 32, 33, 39, 61, 121, 167, 204, 205, 296 investigation, 15, 39, 104, 128, 131, 135, 156, 205, 390, 465, 473 investigations, 14, 18, 58, 181, 471 investigator, 73 investigators, 15, 369 investor, 232, 348 investors, 432 invisible, 263, 264 Iowa, 334, 433, 479, 525, 531, 542, 548, 549 IA, 439, 443, 510, 544, 554 Ira: Ira H. Allen (ed. see biblio.) 171, 482 n.9, Ira J. Friedman (pub. see biblio.), 503 n.7 Rev. Ira Eddy (early Meth. Min., OH), 555 n.1 irate, 361, 506 Ireland, 383, 474 Irish, 386, 387 iron, 26, 79, 185, 200, 202, 257, 294, 397, 494 Irvine, 477 Irving, 118 Is There No Help for the Widow's Son?, 527 Isaac: Isaac Hale (JS�s father-in-law), 73, 184-5, 306, 374, 378, 448 n.38, 450 n.44, 502 n.46, 523 n.125, 540 n.65, 542 n.67 Isaac King (neighbor of S. Rigdon in PA), 104 Isaac Craig (assoc. of R. Patterson, Jr. in PA), 135, 156, 158, 463 n.42, 470 n.83, Isaac Morley (early LDS in OH), 313, 344, 348, 544 n.26 Isaac Butts, 334, 547 n.62 Isaac Clark Pray (auth. see biblio.), 489 n.7 Isaac Riley (assoc. of B. Franklin Cowdery), 515 n.71 Island, 430 Islands, 484 Isles Comores (see Comoros) isms, 251 Israel (first name � see also lit. index): Israel A. Smith (auth. see biblio), 387 issue, 17, 30, 48, 58, 59, 102, 121, 122, 140, 144, 156, 160, 174, 175, 228, 242, 255, 296, 298, 317, 367, 443, 451, 452, 464, 466, 469, 475, 499, 504, 511, 514, 515, 517, 518, 522, 523 issued, 241, 254, 278, 279, 325, 326, 348, 382, 448, 465, 495, 514 issues, 254, 259, 375, 389, 450, 451, 466, 473, 474, 510, 511, 512, 515, 518, 537, 538, 543 isthmus, 87, 453 italics, 405, 417 Ithaca, 191, 414, 440, 498 itinerant, 243, 244, 257, 259, 331, 491, 508, 520 itinerary, 427 Ivins, 552 ivory, 191 J J. W. Vose, 557 Jabes, 405, 495, 557 Jabez, 215, 217, 224, 250, 284, 405, 406, 408, 409, 415, 495, 514 Jabish, 408 Jachin and Boaz (early exposure of Freemasonry), 525 n.526 Jacinto, 549 Jackson, 31, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 83, 85, 149, 212, 248, 267, 275, 432, 436, 437, 444, 451, 453, 520, 529 Jacksonville, 395 Jacob: Jacob van Seman (early res. of Amity, PA, d. 1834), 131, 473 n.105 Jacob J. Skinner, 183, 185 Dr. Jacob N. Cowdery, Sr. (d. 1820), 214-9, 224, 250, 266, 284, 359, 403, 405-16, 419-20, 493 n.14, 494 n.22-3, 495-6 n.25-31, 515 n.70, 518 n.102, 535 n.4, 556-7 n.1-2, 558 n.9, n.11 Jacob Cowdery, Jr., 216, 403, 406-12, 416-7, 420, 495 n.30, 496 n.31, 556-7 n.1 Jacob �Jake� Cowdery III, 495 n.25, 557 n.2 Jacob Mann, 251 Jacob, Perne, 325 Jacob Young, 432 Jacob Whitmer, 447 n.33 Jacob Willson, 502 n.48 Jacobs road, Youngstown, OH, 535 n.8 jail, 69, 219, 222, 242, 266, 269, 271, 272, 273, 274, 326, 382, 440, 488, 500, 505, 510, 529 jailed, 269 jailhouse, 274 Jake Cowdery (see Jacob Cowdery III) James: James Harrison Kennedy (see also biblio.), 17 , 27, 44, 68, 69, 78, 81, 105, 131, 132, 144, 150, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 165, 175, 176, 197, 198, 203, 207, 226, 241, 247, 249, 250, 251, 266, 285, 294, 317, 326, 330, 333, 335, 339, 346, 375, 389, 390, 393, 395, 405, 414, 429, 431, 432, 438, 439, 441, 443, 447, 452, 453, 455, 456, 458, 459, 462, 463, 464, 467, 468, 472, 477, 478, 480, 483, 484, 489, 490, 491, 493, 495, 497, 507, 510, 511, 512, 524, 527, 535, 537, 540, 543, 544, 546, 553, 556, 557 Jas., 156 Jamestown, 34 Jan, 136, 157, 321, 393, 536, 550 Jane, 179, 293, 468, 469, 515, 535 Jared: Jared Darrow (in Wm. Morgan Affair), 272, 326 Jared Carter (early LDS), 369 Jar, 393 jargon, 222, 246 Jean, 555 Jedediah: Jedediah M. Grant (early LDS leader � see also biblio.), 159, 172, 479 n.22, n.26, 483 n.14 Jefferson, 4, 267, 432, 464, 468, 472, 480, 481, 540 Jeffery, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 176 Jeffries, 159 Jelly, 129 Jenkin, 344 Jennings, 371, 372 Jenson, 492 Jeremiah: Jeremiah Brooks (S. Rigdon�s father-in-law), 101, 174, 461 n.30 Dr. Jeremiah Brooks, Jr., 460 n.23 Jeremiah Munger (ed. see biblio.), 519 Jeremy, 527 Jerold, 443 Jerome, 54, 55, 451 Jerry, 216, 403, 409, 411, 412, 556, 557 Jersey, 251, 419, 463, 492, 496 Jerusha, 375, 537 Jesse, 38, 68, 113, 114, 122, 306, 314, 361, 389, 437, 447, 471, 488, 490, 502, 524, 540, 551, 556, 557 Jessee, 80, 81, 485, 504, 522, 552, 554 Jesus (biblical Messiah; son of Mary, etc. � see also lit. index): mentioned in Foreward, 9-12 LDS professions regarding, 37, 178-9, 361, 433 n.32, Jew / Jews (see lit. index) Jewish Sanhedrin: 37 Jewett, 247, 272, 273, 505, 508, 528 JN, 405 Jno. Jno E. Whiteside (auth. see biblio), 457 n.2 Jo, 34, 58, 72, 161, 162, 169, 197, 219, 222, 238, 239, 243, 244, 290, 292, 321, 323, 324, 396, 397, 398, 399, 400, 450, 486, 499, 506, 555 Jo's, 321, 324, 450, 564 Job (first name): Job J. Brooks, 372 job / jobs (list not yet compiled) Job Printer / Office: E. A. Cooley, Book and Job Printer, 511 n.54 Herald Steam Book & Job Office (see biblio), 542 n.69 Joe, 128, 130, 155, 157, 182, 183, 184, 188, 199, 202, 203, 220, 264, 275, 277, 291, 306, 318, 322, 327, 346, 351, 354, 365, 461, 478, 545, 549 Joel: Joel Cowdery, Sr., 216, 407-12, 414, 416, 420, 495 n.30 Joel Roberts, 343 Joel K. Noble, 381, 395, 398 Joel Chamberlain, 395 Joel Conkey, 407 Joel van Meter Stratton (auth. see biblio.), 459 n.14 Col. Joel Ferree, 472 n.102 John, 9, 13, 26, 30, 34, 38, 40, 41, 46, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 60, 64, 70, 79, 80, 83, 85, 86, 87, 88, 100, 101, 104, 108, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 120, 130, 131, 133, 134, 136, 137, 140, 141, 142, 143, 151, 152, 154, 155, 156, 157, 160, 189, 191, 213, 216, 217, 218, 219, 224, 225, 227, 228, 245, 246, 247, 248, 250, 251, 255, 256, 257, 268, 271, 272, 273, 275, 277, 284, 285, 287, 292, 313, 317, 329, 330, 337, 343, 351, 353, 364, 378, 379, 385, 395, 403, 406, 408, 411, 412, 413, 414, 415, 419, 420, 421, 422, 423, 432, 433, 437, 438, 439, 441, 442, 443, 444, 447, 449, 450, 451, 454, 457, 458, 459, 460, 461, 462, 464, 465, 468, 472, 473, 474, 475, 476, 477, 478, 479, 483, 488, 489, 496, 497, 504, 507, 508, 509, 511, 513, 518, 520, 525, 526, 527, 531, 535, 536, 537, 543, 544, 548, 549, 550, 552, 554, 555, 557, 558 John-Marsh, 246, 507 Johns, 268, 269, 280, 526 Johnson, 19, 25, 189, 190, 212, 251, 285, 288, 343, 344, 363, 430, 436, 438, 514, 536 Johnston, 91, 134, 136, 137, 430, 455, 474, 475, 535 join, 25, 172, 177, 178, 185, 212, 230, 270, 328, 331, 335, 360, 373, 391, 415, 416, 491, 511 joined, 34, 119, 161, 172, 189, 200, 204, 228, 268, 286, 294, 306, 312, 323, 327, 329, 354, 399, 413, 442, 451, 466, 480, 486, 488, 508, 514, 527, 528, 557 Joining, 361 joins, 342 Jonah: Jonah D. Simonds (brother-in-law to Warren Cowdery. 1814-182?), 423 Jonathan, 70, 78, 105, 119, 143, 151, 165, 175, 197, 209, 211, 250, 314, 336, 352, 357, 361, 395, 396, 405, 406, 421, 422, 438, 471, 492, 494, 499, 511, 514, 521, 543, 557 Jones, 394, 438, 444, 491 Joplin, MO, (pub. site of Seceder and Christian Union Advocate � see biblio.), 466 Jos., 165 Joseph, 13, 15, 17, 18, 23, 24, 26, 28, 29, 30, 32, 34, 35, 36, 41, 44, 47, 48, 49, 51, 53, 57, 58, 59, 67, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 75, 86, 87, 88, 90, 97, 99, 103, 109, 119, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 128, 134, 137, 145, 147, 148, 150, 151, 154, 155, 156, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 168, 172, 173, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 192, 193, 195, 196, 197, 198, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 209, 210, 211, 213, 217, 220, 221, 222, 223, 225, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243, 248, 250, 259, 260, 261, 262, 263, 264, 265, 269, 270, 271, 275, 276, 277, 278, 288, 289, 291, 292, 293, 294, 295, 296, 297, 299, 300, 301, 302, 303, 305, 306, 307, 308, 309, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 328, 329, 330, 331, 332, 334, 344, 346, 347, 348, 351, 352, 355, 356, 357, 358, 359, 360, 361, 362, 363, 365, 367, 368, 369, 370, 371, 374, 375, 376, 377, 378, 380, 381, 383, 384, 385, 386, 387, 391, 392, 395, 404, 407, 415, 417, 423, 425, 426, 429, 430, 432, 433, 434, 435, 436, 438, 439, 440, 441, 442, 443, 444, 445, 446, 447, 448, 449, 450, 451, 454, 455, 456, 457, 458, 464, 465, 466, 467, 468, 469, 471, 472, 473, 476, 477, 478, 479, 480, 481, 482, 483, 484, 485, 486, 487, 488, 489, 490, 491, 492, 493, 494, 495, 496, 498, 500, 501, 502, 503, 504, 506, 507, 508, 509, 511, 512, 520, 521, 522, 523, 524, 526, 527, 529, 530, 531, 534, 536, 537, 538, 539, 540, 541, 542, 543, 544, 548, 549, 551, 552, 553, 554, 555 Josephine, 488 Josephs, 522 Joseph's, 35, 178, 179, 180, 204, 211, 213, 225, 228, 231, 232, 233, 234, 241, 260, 261, 263, 270, 275, 277, 289, 292, 293, 297, 299, 300, 301, 305, 306, 307, 308, 314, 316, 319, 347, 360, 392, 467, 469, 478, 492, 500, 523, 537, 539, 540, 541, 542, 549 Josephus: Josephus Nelson Larned (auth. see biblio.), 507 n.33 Joshua: Joshua Stafford, 276, 530 n.167 Joshua Forman, 441 n.86 Joshua Wilbur (1824-ca. 1905 � auth. see biblio.), 503 n.7, 505 n.18, n.21-22, 517 n.89 Joshua Smith, 527 n.150 Josiah: Josiah Spalding, Jr. (bro. of SS), 25-7, 81-3, 121-2, 176, 431 n.10, 432 n.16, 454 n.25, 471 n.86 Josiah Spalding, Sr. (1729-1809 -- father of SS), 93, 456 n.41 Josiah Stowell (assoc. of JS), 189, 275, 293, 374-6, 380, 395, 501 n.46, 521 n.114, 522 n.125, 530 n.165 Josiah Jones (anti-LDS in Kirtland, OH), 394, 438 n.68, 491 n.20 Josiah Gilbert Holland (auth. see biblio.) 431 n.9 Josiah St. John (1792-1857), 509 n.39 Journal, 159, 243, 246, 278, 345, 374, 433, 434, 436, 443, 450, 457, 466, 481, 482, 485, 494, 498, 501, 505, 506, 507, 508, 514, 515, 521, 526, 527, 530, 538, 548, 552 journalist, 198, 317, 430 journals, 211, 360, 448 Journals, 483, 531, 536, 550, 553 journey, 27, 40, 41, 42, 43, 204, 205, 237, 269, 277, 284, 315, 331, 378, 380, 384, 448, 451, 476, 541, 546 journeyed, 226, 348 journeyman, 225, 243, 244, 247, 249, 251, 255, 271, 368, 508, 512 journeymen, 259, 280, 520 Jr., 41, 53, 57, 87, 88, 104, 105, 128, 131, 134, 135, 152, 156, 158, 160, 162, 163, 164, 166, 175, 177, 182, 192, 198, 204, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 221, 233, 238, 276, 284, 296, 314, 336, 375, 390, 398, 402, 403, 406, 407, 408, 409, 410, 411, 412, 415, 416, 417, 419, 420, 421, 422, 430, 431, 433, 438, 447, 450, 453, 454, 455, 457, 458, 463, 464, 468, 469, 470, 471, 474, 478, 480, 484, 489, 491, 493, 494, 495, 496, 498, 505, 506, 508, 520, 522, 523, 527, 530, 538, 539, 547, 551, 556, 557, 558 JS, 371, 372, 373, 374, 375, 376, 377, 378, 379, 380, 381, 382 JSS, 371, 372, 373, 374, 375, 376, 378, 381, 382 Juanita, 531 Judaism: S. Rigdon added Judaism to SS�s novel , 390 Judeo-Christian: Mormonism�s place within Judeo-Christian tradition, 15 Judge, 25, 33, 58, 59, 64, 68, 69, 71, 168, 213, 260, 263, 264, 272, 273, 289, 303, 359, 362, 392, 395, 396, 399, 402, 407, 434, 435, 438, 447, 498, 521, 522, 530, 555 judges, 481 judging, 310 judgement, 283 judgment, 171, 184, 315, 372, 392, 464 judgments, 42 judicial, 33, 505 Judson: Thomas Judson vs. Luman W. Waters (law suit, NY, 1829), 500 n.44 Jugegsah, 545 juggler, 227 juggling, 222, 500 jugling, 391 Julia Giles (md. John G. Smith, OH, 1826), 287, 337 June: June S. Parfitt (auth. see biblio.), 500 n.44 junior, 284, 294, 408, 480, 522 Junior, 72, 516, 527, 528 Junius, 422 jury, 410, 411, 467, 481 juries, 410 jurisdictional, 431 justice, 25, 70, 72, 112, 219, 254, 321, 325, 381, 395, 434, 435, 472, 473, 481, 498, 516, 524, 530, 534, 553 Justice, 66, 69, 359, 375, 381, 400, 434, 435, 446, 448, 486, 500, 531, 535 justices, 521, 533 justified, 11, 147, 169, 364 justify, 147 justifying, 154 Justin, 411 Justus, 213, 220, 221, 228, 498 juvenile, 239, 504 juxtaposed, 387 K Kan., 482 Kansas, 412, 462, 538 Kanesville, 531 Karl: Karl Keller (art., Dialogue, 1966 � see biblio.) , 457 n.3 Kay & Brother (pub. � see biblio.), 438 n.60 Kee, 126, 535 Keifer, 471 Keller: Karl Keller (art., Dialogue, 1966 � see biblio.) , 457 n.3 Kelley, 181, 291, 292, 317, 347, 355, 402, 441, 450, 458, 467, 482, 498, 528, 532, 533, 536, 537, 543, 545, 548, 549, 550, 556 Kelleys, 181 Kelliwog, 406 Kellogg, 435 Kenmore, 511 Kennebec, 438 Kennedy, 17, 429, 483, 485, 490, 553 Kent, 337, 338, 341, 451, 459, 462, 493, 507, 547 Kentucky KY, 335 Ky., 463, 522, 529, 546, 556 Kerr, 339 Ketchem, 280 Ketchum, 280, 281, 507 kettle, 264 kettles, 229 key, 32, 59, 64, 140, 216, 277, 278, 329, 363, 367, 389, 449 Keyes, 52, 432 Keziah, 214, 215, 411, 494, 497, 499 Kidd, 484 kidnap, 272 kidnapped, 231, 279, 282, 289 Kidnapping, 525 kill, 58, 72, 318, 450 Killawog, 557 killed, 184, 269, 361, 365, 416, 440, 450, 495, 526 Killikelly, 464, 467 killing, 26, 59, 488 Kimball, 156, 431, 435 kind, 25, 26, 44, 91, 110, 118, 130, 147, 170, 187, 227, 240, 260, 298, 316, 318, 533, 552 kindly, 69, 110, 112, 134, 157, 241, 551 kindness, 453, 523 king, 457 King, 24, 27, 67, 81, 83, 104, 192, 272, 395, 430, 431, 432, 435, 502, 545 King, Nehemiah (ca. 1775-1832): Dr. Nehemiah King was first physician in Conneaut, OH, 33, 434 n.37, 444-5 n.14-15 Dr. Nehemiah King attended Orson Hyde�s preaching in Conneaut, in 1832, 62-4 Nathan King (bro. of Nehemiah), Aron Wright, and Seth Harrington built Conneaut-Ashtabula rd., 67 Dr. Nehemiah King conducted 1811 census of Conneaut (see biblio.), 83, 440 n.79, 465 n.53 Dr. Nehemiah King org. Agricultural Soc. of Ashtabula Co., OH. in 1822-23, 434 n.37 Amos Kellogg succeeded Nehemiah King as Assoc. Justice of Ashtabula Co., OH, 435 n.37 Dr. Nehemiah King was an Ashtabula Justice of the Peace before Aron Wright, 435 n.37 Dr. Nehemiah King surveyed land for SS near Conneaut, before 1811, 444 n.14 kingdom, 10, 11, 190, 450 Kingdom, 192 kingdoms, 455 King's, 33, 83, 444, 465, 502 Kingsbury, 409, 414, 415, 416, 420, 495, 554 Kingsburys, 495 Kingsley's, 530 Kingston, 380 Kingsville, 97, 168 Kinsman, 246, 286, 507 Kirk, 152, 153 Kirkham, 541 Kirtland, 31, 34, 35, 37, 38, 43, 57, 58, 62, 71, 72, 103, 161, 162, 174, 188, 198, 204, 205, 248, 249, 256, 259, 288, 289, 290, 291, 310, 313, 316, 324, 325, 329, 339, 340, 341, 342, 343, 344, 345, 359, 361, 362, 365, 368, 369, 385, 389, 390, 392, 394, 401, 425, 426, 435, 436, 440, 447, 448, 449, 450, 458, 473, 476, 480, 481, 482, 484, 487, 490, 491, 492, 493, 497, 498, 500, 506, 509, 510, 511, 514, 515, 520, 529, 536, 538, 540, 541, 543, 544, 546, 549, 550, 553, 554, 556, 557 Kirtland-Buffalo, 509 Kirtlands, 289 Kitty, 216, 499 knavery, 246 Knickerbocker, 455, 474, 477 Knight, 188, 189, 190, 206, 231, 263, 289, 327, 328, 329, 330, 332, 375, 376, 377, 378, 380, 381, 395, 400, 491, 501, 502, 522, 549, 552 Knights, 266, 358, 445, 524 Knopf, 29, 367, 429, 440, 455, 478, 486, 493, 543 know, 9, 11, 14, 35, 38, 42, 43, 49, 50, 71, 75, 80, 83, 96, 104, 106, 110, 112, 119, 120, 123, 135, 142, 144, 145, 149, 151, 153, 156, 166, 168, 173, 174, 191, 198, 199, 204, 206, 207, 214, 216, 242, 243, 244, 246, 247, 249, 261, 266, 272, 275, 280, 297, 310, 314, 318, 319, 320, 323, 324, 332, 349, 351, 363, 392, 393, 396, 399, 403, 404, 405, 425, 442, 500, 501, 503, 516, 532, 533, 538, 540 knowing, 113, 121, 151, 197, 209, 259, 351, 444, 513, 522 knowledge, 12, 28, 38, 74, 97, 106, 110, 129, 130, 140, 149, 150, 151, 164, 176, 181, 182, 201, 211, 219, 237, 238, 244, 250, 257, 258, 259, 261, 273, 288, 301, 306, 310, 311, 314, 325, 398, 446, 453, 458, 466, 497, 500, 551, 555 known, 10, 15, 17, 24, 26, 28, 29, 32, 36, 38, 39, 40, 41, 47, 52, 54, 63, 67, 70, 81, 86, 91, 92, 97, 99, 100, 101, 103, 105, 106, 108, 111, 117, 118, 121, 122, 128, 129, 131, 132, 133, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 144, 145, 151, 159, 161, 164, 166, 176, 177, 179, 181, 183, 185, 191, 197, 198, 199, 205, 206, 207, 210, 211, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 222, 226, 227, 229, 231, 234, 235, 245, 247, 248, 250, 253, 254, 255, 256, 258, 259, 260, 264, 265, 268, 269, 270, 271, 275, 276, 277, 278, 279, 284, 286, 287, 288, 289, 290, 293, 294, 296, 297, 299, 307, 311, 314, 317, 322, 326, 334, 346, 347, 349, 356, 358, 359, 360, 362, 363, 381, 385, 387, 390, 402, 403, 431, 434, 439, 441, 444, 446, 447, 449, 456, 459, 460, 463, 467, 468, 469, 470, 474, 477, 478, 480, 482, 490, 496, 499, 500, 501, 510, 512, 513, 517, 520, 526, 529, 533, 537, 539, 545, 555, 556, 557 Know-Nothing (nickname for American Party, 1850s), 519 n.106 knows, 119, 130, 179, 201, 306, 317, 462, 466, 503 Knox, 344, 558 Kurt: Rev. Kurt van Gorden (contributor), 68, 473 n.105 L La., 511, 546, 550 Laban: Laban Clark (1778-1868), 213, Ladd, 527 Lake, 7, 17, 23, 26, 45, 48, 50, 51, 52, 53, 60, 61, 64, 66, 68, 84, 86, 109, 141, 156, 162, 183, 191, 200, 218, 225, 240, 249, 286, 317, 319, 324, 325, 353, 354, 358, 374, 375, 384, 389, 390, 394, 417, 418, 428, 429, 430, 432, 433, 434, 435, 436, 439, 440, 441, 442, 443, 444, 450, 451, 453, 454, 457, 459, 462, 466, 475, 476, 477, 478, 479, 480, 482, 483, 484, 485, 488, 490, 491, 492, 493, 494, 501, 504, 505, 509, 510, 514, 522, 526, 527, 531, 532, 536, 537, 538, 542, 543, 544, 549, 551, 552, 553, 554, 556 lakeshore, 225, 557 Lamanites (American Indians so called by LDS � see also lit. index) Lamanite Indian squaw, 162 1830 preaching to native Americans (Lamanites), 382 Lamb, 161, 479, 493 Lambden, 165 Lambdin, 70, 78, 90, 105, 106, 119, 120, 121, 122, 126, 134, 135, 137, 138, 143, 144, 145, 151, 154, 165, 166, 175, 176, 197, 336, 352, 353, 357, 361, 463, 464, 468, 470, 478 Lambert, 511, 550 Lamb's, 161, 479 Lamoni (BoM character and town in IA) RLDS pub. house location (see biblio.), 334, 542 n.69, 548 n.99, 549 n.109 Lamoni (IA) Independent Patriot (see biblio.), 439, 443 n.6 Lance, 526 land, 26, 27, 33, 40, 41, 42, 45, 70, 82, 84, 87, 139, 141, 169, 170, 186, 214, 216, 217, 238, 260, 263, 285, 289, 323, 372, 374, 403, 405, 406, 407, 409, 412, 414, 415, 416, 421, 432, 434, 435, 437, 438, 439, 440, 444, 445, 453, 454, 457, 462, 463, 474, 483, 497, 508, 509, 512, 520, 522, 534, 535, 546, 556, 557 Land, 26, 217, 260, 325, 398, 403, 409, 411, 412, 415, 432, 454, 507, 534, 535, 556, 557 landed, 45, 50, 82, 86, 87, 454 landing, 84, 87, 454 landlord, 148, 530 Landmarks, 265, 496, 517, 519, 524 landowner, 287, 414, 509 lands, 372, 431 landscape, 93, 456 Lane, 373, 474, 485 Lang, 260, 263, 264, 362, 402, 520, 522, 523 language, 28, 36, 111, 115, 123, 124, 167, 171, 198, 222, 246, 297, 359, 387, 396, 435, 436, 458, 468, 481, 517, 538 Lansing, 450 Lapham, 438 LaPosta, 475 larceny, 266 Larry, 485, 494, 546 Larson, 443 Lathrop, 503, 511 Latin (see also lit. index): Sidney Rigdon proificent in, 127 SS probably knew the language, 129 Walters the Magician used it, 222 latter, 23, 34, 38, 70, 71, 74, 85, 104, 120, 131, 140, 142, 152, 156, 191, 197, 204, 215, 221, 263, 268, 275, 284, 300, 326, 332, 346, 348, 352, 356, 435, 440, 457, 458, 466, 468, 475, 497, 511, 512, 517, 518, 526, 529 Latter Day, 7, 14, 37, 111, 115, 181, 334, 430, 433, 458, 478, 482, 484, 498, 509, 520, 536, 543, 548, 549, 556 Latter-day, 4, 7, 9, 15, 16, 17, 18, 28, 29, 31, 162, 209, 430, 433, 444, 448, 454, 479, 482, 484, 491, 492, 520, 521, 537, 544, 552, 553, 554, 556 Launius, 554 Laura, 345 law, 10, 11, 25, 49, 61, 70, 75, 83, 91, 101, 102, 104, 113, 139, 142, 157, 163, 170, 174, 185, 186, 189, 190, 212, 219, 221, 228, 230, 232, 234, 238, 258, 260, 263, 265, 271, 273, 274, 275, 300, 306, 310, 329, 336, 341, 353, 365, 376, 402, 410, 419, 420, 423, 440, 448, 450, 451, 460, 462, 464, 465, 466, 469, 474, 475, 477, 479, 499, 511, 513, 531, 540, 541, 543, 551, 558 laws, 35, 45, 73, 120, 170, 223, 285, 385, 405, 417, 418, 419, 423, 424, 523 Law, 10, 11, 12, 139, 156, 254, 362, 397, 478, 495, 552, 553 Laws, 494 Lawrence, 161, 229, 293, 306, 318, 319, 320, 347, 462, 482, 492, 527 Lawson, 272, 275, 529 law-student, 189 lawsuit, 435 lawsuits, 268, 484 law-suits, 238 Lawton, 275 lawyer, 80, 272, 279, 322, 393, 397, 490, 524, 532, 533 lawyers, 272, 395 Lawyer: William S. Lawyer, 557 n.6 lazy, 29, 104, 397 LDS, 7, 14, 23, 78, 104, 140, 177, 192, 203, 248, 354, 375, 387, 389, 390, 402, 425, 430, 435, 438, 448, 451, 458, 461, 462, 466, 484, 485, 488, 489, 491, 492, 498, 501, 503, 511, 532, 536, 537, 538, 541, 544, 549, 554, 556 Le Roy (see LeRoy) leader, 24, 160, 183, 238, 264, 278, 508, 521 leaders, 13, 45, 84, 108, 196, 203, 263, 264, 328, 329, 330, 461, 466, 484, 520, 526 leadership, 7, 158, 159, 539, 540, 551 leading, 12, 41, 42, 67, 77, 81, 121, 160, 162, 169, 170, 192, 220, 310, 314, 361, 362, 404, 488 leather, 92, 120, 135 leather-bound, 120 Lebanon, 495, 496 Lebbeus, 284, 414, 417, 421, 534 Lebeas, 534 lecture, 37, 40, 53, 58, 74, 382, 450, 458 lectured, 72, 74, 435 Lecturer, 527 lectures, 39, 43, 167, 457, 468 ledger, 223, 252, 266, 413, 456, 494, 496, 502, 513, 524, 525 ledgers, 92, 120, 338, 455 ledgerdemain, 391 Lee, 53, 375, 514, 551 Leffingwell, 453 leg, 189, 275, 314, 375, 397, 496, 530 legal, 26, 64, 69, 92, 103, 119, 120, 167, 234, 242, 275, 308, 330, 381, 407, 437, 440, 441, 468, 470, 480, 484, 499, 511, 522 legally, 150, 481 legend, 488, 500, 537 legends, 270, 309, 484 legendary, 216 Legg, 237, 492, 493, 503, 540, 541 legible, 439 legion, 241 legions, 185 Legislature, 97, 434, 494 legislatures, 524 legitimate, 36, 196 Leicester, 224, 251, 252, 412, 413, 420, 421, 422, 423, 512, 515 Leland, 461, 478 Lemnon, 534 Lemuel: Lemuel Durfee, Sr., 308, 374, 523 n.125 Lemuel Durfee, Jr., 523 n.125 Lemuel Cowdery, 409 Lemuel Fulton, 414 Lemuel Kingsbury, 420, 523 Leonard, 29, 161, 203, 439, 490, 537 leper, 75 Le Roy, 419, 514 Leroy, 229, 266, 413 LeRoy, 224, 226, 228, 252, 254, 265, 266, 267, 268, 278, 279, 414, 418, 419, 421, 494, 495, 513, 514, 524, 528 LeRoy-Batavia, 254 Lester, 87, 88, 92, 433, 453 letter, 14, 30, 49, 54, 55, 61, 63, 64, 65, 66, 73, 74, 79, 81, 82, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 100, 103, 104, 106, 109, 110, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 128, 129, 130, 131, 135, 138, 140, 142, 150, 152, 156, 157, 160, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 171, 174, 176, 196, 224, 242, 249, 250, 253, 259, 262, 267, 273, 275, 288, 303, 305, 306, 310, 311, 315, 316, 319, 332, 337, 341, 347, 349, 355, 359, 362, 372, 379, 395, 396, 397, 398, 402, 407, 429, 432, 433, 435, 436, 439, 440, 441, 444, 448, 450, 454, 455, 456, 457, 458, 459, 460, 462, 463, 465, 466, 467, 471, 472, 475, 476, 477, 480, 481, 483, 490, 493, 494, 497, 498, 499, 502, 503, 505, 507, 508, 509, 514, 515, 518, 519, 521, 522, 523, 526, 530, 531, 532, 537, 538, 540, 541, 544, 546, 550, 554, 555 Letterbook, 544 letters, 47, 53, 68, 73, 91, 116, 132, 135, 136, 137, 138, 142, 187, 191, 196, 212, 248, 253, 265, 283, 339, 361, 389, 390, 402, 416, 443, 447, 448, 451, 456, 473, 475, 491, 499, 503, 514, 515, 516, 518, 529, 535, 537 letter-writer, 95 letter-writing, 259 Levi: Levi Sartwell (stage manager, Cleveland, OH), 427 Lewis, 77, 267, 270, 272, 281, 432, 505, 517, 518, 524, 525, 526, 528, 529, 530, 532, 534 Lewiston, 242, 274, 427 Lexington, 463 liaison, 481 liar, 39, 54, 110, 118, 140, 320, 436 liars, 32, 74, 110, 118, 121, 167, 510 libel, 102, 312 Liber, 521, 523, 557, 558 liberally, 31, 487 Liberty, 67, 251, 285, 470, 510, 535, 550 libraries, 118, 119, 144, 175, 352, 467 Library, 4, 60, 66, 68, 69, 92, 99, 104, 144, 175, 198, 335, 353, 354, 396, 433, 435, 438, 441, 442, 443, 444, 445, 446, 447, 450, 452, 455, 457, 459, 461, 462, 463, 464, 468, 469, 470, 471, 472, 475, 477, 479, 480, 483, 484, 488, 490, 493, 494, 497, 498, 502, 504, 509, 511, 512, 513, 514, 515, 516, 518, 521, 522, 523, 525, 527, 528, 529, 533, 534, 536, 537, 538, 540, 544, 545, 547, 549, 551, 554, 555, 557 Library-Archives, 441, 498, 509, 515, 523, 528, 533, 536, 537, 540, 544, 545, 555 license, 32, 100, 158, 495, 535 licensed, 25, 100, 468, 491 licenses, 130 lie, 32, 37, 39, 52, 110, 111, 112, 118, 140, 159, 174, 191, 193, 204, 224, 242, 270, 296, 320, 364, 436, 448, 453, 466, 505, 519 lies, 50, 54, 59, 110, 111, 112, 113, 118, 119, 167, 168, 186, 207, 269, 286, 320, 353, 355, 425, 460, 467, 493 life, 10, 11, 12, 13, 25, 32, 42, 51, 67, 70, 71, 72, 81, 84, 101, 104, 107, 126, 128, 129, 131, 158, 160, 162, 164, 169, 172, 181, 182, 189, 193, 196, 209, 210, 212, 213, 226, 228, 230, 233, 235, 237, 242, 243, 251, 254, 259, 260, 263, 264, 273, 304, 306, 308, 309, 316, 346, 356, 360, 361, 362, 363, 367, 368, 371, 385, 392, 440, 444, 449, 450, 458, 460, 467, 470, 472, 478, 480, 481, 487, 489, 490, 493, 503, 508, 509, 521, 537, 551, 553, 555, 558 Life, 15, 429, 436, 438, 446, 455, 457, 461, 464, 465, 466, 468, 474, 476, 477, 478, 486, 493, 514, 525, 526, 538, 539, 543, 546, 547, 548, 549 lifelong, 529 Light, 399, 441, 451, 471, 472, 485, 525 Lights, 335, 430 Lighthouse, 442 lightning, 185, 199, 416, 495 likelihood, 87, 127, 307, 308, 315, 456 Lillie, 324, 325, 333, 348, 498 line, 64, 84, 85, 94, 95, 96, 140, 191, 218, 225, 238, 293, 356, 371, 372, 374, 375, 396, 397, 407, 408, 426, 427, 439, 496, 500, 554 lined, 323 linen, 112, 363 lines, 14, 26, 28, 95, 179, 233, 268, 273, 285, 427, 466 linguist, 383 linguistic, 383, 453 Linus, 321, 444, 476 Lion, 396, 397 lions, 556 Lippincott, 469, 475, 486 Lippincott's, 486 liquor, 181, 182, 230, 279, 459 Lisbon, 339, 340, 506 Lisle: Lisle Twp., Broom Co, NY, 406-7, 422, 423 list, 30, 50, 132, 136, 138, 140, 141, 181, 339, 375, 412, 415, 431, 444, 445, 458, 465, 473, 475, 476, 484, 491, 492, 495, 496, 497, 499, 518, 537 List, 5, 49, 136, 372, 437, 440, 473, 474, 502, 547 listed, 38, 102, 131, 207, 218, 255, 266, 271, 325, 344, 405, 406, 408, 414, 415, 416, 430, 434, 437, 442, 444, 448, 449, 458, 459, 472, 473, 493, 496, 499, 500, 511, 524, 527, 556, 557, 558 listing, 453, 458, 511 lists, 132, 136, 138, 139, 181, 222, 223, 255, 372, 410, 411, 417, 445, 467, 473, 475, 476, 496, 497, 499, 519, 527, 528, 535, 537, 540, 557 Litchfield, 216, 406 literary, 75, 86, 87, 147, 232, 354, 452, 465, 470, 512 Literary, 248, 465, 472, 510 literate, 252, 267, 451 literature, 86, 100, 369, 435, 450, 556 Literature, 486 litigate, 234 Littell's Living Age, 519 Little: Little Valley, Cattaraugus Co., NY, 513 n.63 little-known, 314 Liverpool, 225, 342, 430, 451, 484, 521, 552 Livingston, 218, 413, 418, 420, 421, 423, 497, 502, 512, 513, 514, 515, 525, 527 Livingstone, 489 Livonia, 420, 425, 426 Loammi, 100, 170 Lobrion, 421 Lockport, 226, 227, 228, 241, 242, 243, 244, 254, 255, 256, 257, 258, 259, 267, 271, 272, 275, 277, 278, 300, 326, 422, 503, 505, 507, 508, 509, 511, 512, 513, 516, 517, 525, 528, 529, 534 Lockport Balance, 243, 505 Lockwood, 512 Lodge, 265, 267, 268, 269, 270, 271, 272, 275, 278, 475, 488, 497, 525, 526, 527, 528, 530, 531 lodges, 270 Lodges, 527 Lodi, 217, 421, 496, 518 log, 26, 212, 238, 290, 313, 323, 371, 372, 472, 545 logic, 90, 256, 356 logical, 61, 250, 305, 316, 334, 356, 368, 369 logically, 18, 93, 273, 348 London, 463, 498, 501, 540 long, 14, 15, 17, 23, 24, 26, 31, 50, 55, 60, 63, 66, 68, 69, 70, 73, 79, 82, 92, 96, 97, 107, 108, 117, 119, 121, 136, 140, 150, 151, 160, 164, 165, 175, 200, 201, 203, 211, 215, 219, 221, 222, 225, 227, 230, 231, 239, 242, 252, 259, 262, 268, 286, 294, 296, 297, 306, 312, 313, 314, 315, 316, 319, 326, 327, 329, 331, 346, 352, 353, 358, 364, 368, 369, 393, 394, 416, 441, 442, 445, 446, 449, 456, 459, 463, 472, 483, 508, 529, 533, 538, 545, 546, 550, 552, 553 loose + noun (see also low + noun): looseCowdery (appelation for Lyman Cowdery, Esq. In NY), 533 n.176: Lorain: Amherst, Lorain Co., OH, 342 (misspelled Loraine) Elyria, Lorain Co., OH, 342, 343 (misspelled Loraine) Lord / Lords�s (honorific for biblical Jesus / resurrected Messiah): 11, 116 Lord / Lords�s (Christian God the Father): 70, 74, 185, 186, 205, 275, 287, 303, 307, 314, 315, 316, 323, 382, 391, 466, 487 n.42, 488 n.43 Lord's Supper (LDS sacrament of communion): 391 Loren: Rev. Loren Cowdery, 422, 496 n.31 Lorenzo, 288, 290, 291, 292, 295, 317, 319, 320, 321, 333, 346, 347, 349, 385, 498, 536, 537, 545, 550 Lorin: Lorin Gould (early res. of Conneaut, OH, 52 Lost, 33, 51, 52, 91, 123, 125, 126, 319, 435, 542 Loton, 272 Louis, 1, 4, 157, 158, 159, 160, 345, 417, 453, 458, 479, 482, 498, 516, 536, 543, 547, 549, 550, 556 Louisa, 507 Louise, 212, 439, 493 Louisville, 14, 335, 529, 546, 548 lounger, 237, 239 lounging, 54, 202, 238, 275 love, 43, 62, 65, 71, 75, 328, 436, 500, 539 lover, 36, 279 loves, 251 low + noun (see also loose + noun): low family (appelation for JSS family in NY), 324 low pettifogger (appelation for Lyman Cowdery, Esq. in NY), 633 n.176 low shacks (appelation for Lyman Cowdery family in NY), 532 n.176 Lowe, 435 Lower, 468, 471, 472, 474, 505 Lowry: Hugh Lowry (ed. Ashtabula (OH) Journal, 1830s), 506 n.26 Lt., 472 Luccinda (see Lucinda) Lucinda, 267, (Luccinda) 267, 276, 277, 280, 281, 358, 526, 531, 532, 534, 535 luck, 230, 254, 503 Luckhardt, 475 Lucy, 29, 179, 182, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 233, 234, 258, 263, 291, 293, 297, 299, 301, 304, 305, 372, 375, 378, 380, 381, 384, 407, 409, 415, 420, 423, 454, 480, 484, 485, 486, 491, 492, 495, 502, 503, 506, 519, 523, 536, 539, 542, 545, 552 Lucy's, 305, 407, 480, 485, 519 lude: lewd (spelled lude) woman (with D. P. Hurlbut, 1833), 72 Ludico, 216, 217, 406, 410, 411, 496, 515 Lutico, 216, 406, 496 ludicrous, 126, 361 Ludlow, 492 Ludlum, 474 Luke: Luke Johnson (early LDS apostle), 288, 363 Luke Miller (early res., Conneaut, OH), 445 n.17 Luke P. Wilson (auth. see biblio.), 453 n.24 Lum: Lum Walters or L. Walter (see Luman Walter(s)), 500 n.44 Luman, 219, 221, 227, 228, 232, 284, 414, 417, 497, 499, 500, 502 luminaries, 489 lurid, 35, 168, 192, 232 Luse, 341, 548 lust, 452 Luther: Luther Tucker (1802-1873 -- newsman, NY), 241, 504 n.10 Luther Dille, 341 Lutheran: Our Savior's Lutheran Church in St. George, UT, 429 Lutico (see Ludico) Lydia, 213, 216, 260, 407 lying, 54, 110, 117, 118, 166, 262, 364, 435, 450 Lyman, 156, 212, 213, 214, 220, 221, 229, 231, 234, 253, 270, 271, 292, 293, 300, 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 315, 316, 342, 343, 344, 345, 394, 409, 415, 418, 439, 499, 511, 513, 522, 524, 528, 532, 533, 544 Lyon, 328, 505 Lyons, 207, 234, 302, 419, 463, 499, 502, 509 Lyons/Arcadia, 419 M m/s, 456 macabre, 373 Macedon, 206, 207, 376 Machiavellian, 364 Mack, 29, 179, 182, 211, 213, 260, 293, 301, 378, 384, 385, 407, 415, 423, 484, 491, 495, 503, 506, 536, 539, 542, 552, 555 MacKay, 15 Macmillan, 492 Macoy, 525, 534 mad, 483 Madison, 46, 271, 344, 375, 439, 443, 447, 455, 459, 461, 462, 465, 471, 476, 477, 480, 484, 493, 494, 528, 546, 547 madness, 201 Madsen, 487 magazine, 259, 272, 389, 519 Magazine, 375, 430, 433, 447, 451, 464, 465, 468, 472, 477, 478, 483, 484, 486, 494, 497, 514, 530, 534, 538, 552, 553 magic, 186, 187, 219, 228, 314, 316, 502 Magic World View, 493, 494, 522, 544 magical, 86, 221, 222, 540 Magician, 218, 219, 221 magistrate, 67, 73, 74, 302, 322, 446, 539 magnificent, 184, 369 magnified, 70, 506 Magus, 220, 229 Mahomet, 202, 454, 476 Mahoning, 101, 286, 313, 337, 339, 341, 343, 345, 347, 416, 459, 460, 534, 535 maiden: Rebecca Johnston Eichbaum�s vivacity of a maiden, 134 maiden name of Lucy Smith was Mack, 182 Martin Harris the maiden LDS convert, 202 maiden Emma Hale courted by JS, 293 Ludico / Lutico Crosman� maiden sister of William Crosman, 496 n.31 maiden name of Jacob Cowdery Sr.'s mother: Damon, 558 mail, 113, 119, 136, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 176, 214, 240, 242, 243, 286, 303, 330, 352, 357, 385, 415, 416, 427, 431, 468, 475, 476, 549 mails, 134, 137, 253, 475 Mail-Stage, 536 Main, 125, 371, 519 Maine: Dr. Nahum Howard (died 1841) was originally from Kennebec, Maine, 438 n.64 main-stream, 325 Maj., 319 Majesty, 264 Major, 191, 192, 216, 217, 403, 472 maker, 517 male, 38, 132, 214, 215, 405, 406, 494, 497 males, 83, 141, 143, 406, 444 malicious, 29, 159, 174, 433 mal-treating, 502 man, 11, 27, 28, 36, 37, 46, 68, 70, 75, 81, 82, 96, 100, 107, 108, 110, 111, 116, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 125, 126, 127, 129, 140, 145, 149, 150, 151, 152, 156, 158, 159, 161, 163, 165, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 177, 186, 187, 189, 200, 201, 202, 206, 210, 211, 216, 220, 221, 231, 235, 238, 241, 243, 247, 251, 253, 272, 273, 275, 276, 294, 296, 303, 305, 316, 318, 319, 320, 322, 325, 327, 328, 347, 354, 358, 360, 361, 362, 363, 384, 386, 387, 389, 392, 394, 397, 398, 399, 403, 414, 435, 437, 445, 446, 447, 448, 449, 451, 452, 453, 456, 458, 464, 465, 467, 469, 470, 478, 483, 486, 488, 489, 498, 500, 503, 510, 519, 526, 527, 529, 530, 532, 536, 539, 546, 552, 553 manage, 141, 293, 463 managed, 29, 55, 71, 117, 121, 197, 281, 307, 357, 384, 445, 482, 508, 530, 541, 556 manager, 126, 157, 427 managers, 195 manages, 554 managing, 511, 517 Manchester, 57, 182, 200, 201, 207, 209, 219, 222, 234, 238, 263, 265, 275, 283, 288, 291, 293, 294, 295, 307, 327, 339, 346, 371, 373, 374, 375, 376, 377, 378, 380, 381, 382, 385, 425, 427, 428, 466, 492, 497, 500, 523, 530, 537, 541, 543, 549 Manchester/Palmyra, 57 maneuvering, 335 Manhattan, 508 Manhood: Life and Reminiscences From Birth to Manhood (see biblio.), 455 n.38, 474 n.112 manipulating, 360 manipulative, 489 mankind, 36, 85, 110, 167, 312, 364, 365, 436 Mannasaugas Indians, 67 Mann's, 251 Mansion, 64, 277, 370, 439 mantle, 219, 238, 239, 243, 506 Mantua, 171, 287, 336, 337, 338, 342, 543 manufacture, 120, 312, 455, 551 manufactured, 91, 355, 391, 393 manufacturer, 247, 455 manufacturers, 470 manufacturing, 120, 468 manuscrip, 379, 541 manuscript, 25, 28, 30, 31, 37, 38, 39, 44, 45, 47, 48, 49, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 66, 68, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 99, 103, 108, 109, 114, 115, 121, 122, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 130, 131, 144, 148, 149, 152, 153, 154, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 163, 164, 175, 176, 177, 188, 192, 196, 197, 203, 210, 229, 231, 233, 234, 244, 245, 250, 268, 274, 279, 280, 281, 291, 295, 299, 306, 307, 310, 311, 321, 322, 339, 347, 352, 357, 363, 364, 369, 370, 377, 379, 380, 383, 384, 385, 386, 387, 390, 392, 398, 401, 433, 434, 444, 445, 451, 452, 453, 454, 455, 461, 471, 474, 479, 480, 501, 506, 522, 523, 526, 537, 538, 539, 540, 541, 546, 554, 558 Manuscript, 27, 28, 31, 32, 37, 38, 40, 44, 45, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 55, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 63, 64, 71, 74, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 99, 106, 107, 108, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 130, 131, 137, 140, 142, 144, 147, 149, 154, 163, 165, 174, 176, 177, 197, 210, 299, 352, 357, 358, 363, 368, 369, 378, 385, 386, 387, 401, 432, 437, 451, 452, 453, 454, 455, 456, 457, 471, 476, 484, 490, 491, 503, 506, 536, 542, 554 Manuscript Found, 27, 28, 31, 32, 37, 38, 40, 44, 45, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 55, 58, 59, 60, 63, 71, 74, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 106, 107, 108, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 137, 140, 142, 144, 147, 149, 154, 165, 174, 176, 177, 197, 210, 299, 352, 357, 358, 363, 368, 369, 401, 437, 451, 454, 457, 476, 554 Manuscript Story, 31, 38, 55, 57, 59, 60, 63, 64, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 99, 131, 142, 368, 432, 437, 451, 452, 453, 454, 455, 456, 471, 554 manuscripts, 43, 46, 52, 58, 61, 65, 78, 79, 87, 94, 97, 106, 113, 149, 150, 197, 244, 274, 281, 358, 520, 551 map, 290 Map, 289, 457, 534, 535, 555 maple, 257, 319, 321, 346, 372, 517, 548 maps, 289, 405, 417, 462, 534, 535, 555 Maps, 534 Marcah, 535 Marcellus, 253, 514, 515, 516 March, 26, 30, 34, 38, 61, 66, 67, 71, 100, 102, 105, 106, 109, 113, 122, 123, 129, 141, 152, 156, 178, 180, 181, 191, 192, 203, 212, 214, 231, 248, 249, 252, 253, 255, 258, 265, 266, 268, 271, 275, 278, 286, 291, 292, 293, 299, 305, 307, 308, 311, 318, 319, 321, 322, 324, 325, 333, 338, 340, 341, 342, 344, 346, 348, 374, 375, 376, 378, 380, 381, 383, 396, 402, 409, 410, 425, 426, 432, 434, 435, 436, 439, 440, 443, 447, 448, 450, 454, 455, 457, 458, 462, 464, 467, 469, 470, 471, 476, 479, 480, 482, 484, 485, 490, 492, 495, 497, 498, 502, 503, 505, 509, 510, 512, 514, 515, 516, 518, 520, 521, 522, 523, 524, 527, 528, 530, 531, 536, 537, 539, 540, 542, 543, 544, 547, 548, 549, 551, 552, 553, 555, 556 mare, 411 Margaret, 246, 469, 472, 507 margin, 94, 397 Maria, 34, 71, 168, 214, 247, 410, 435, 447, 450, 480, 481, 493, 507, 514 Mariah, 212 Marie, 212, 215, 493, 497 Marietta, 410, 411 Marino, 450, 493, 497, 509, 513, 514, 515, 516, 529, 534, 538, 540, 557 Marion, 558 marital, 131 Mark, 102, 281, 360, 387, 462, 482, 514, 527, 552 Mark Masters, 281, 514, 527 Market, 27, 120, 463, 469, 470, 510 markings, 387 marks, 191, 202, 211, 308, 407, 456, 462 Marlborough, 250 Maroni (see Moroni) Marquardt, 485, 505, 521, 523, 552 marriage, 54, 105, 107, 122, 139, 168, 213, 214, 215, 216, 338, 339, 340, 351, 404, 407, 413, 417, 418, 420, 451, 459, 463, 465, 472, 474, 480, 494, 495, 499, 509, 534, 535 marriages, 66, 341, 459 Marriages, 338, 341, 342, 343 married, 25, 54, 67, 101, 105, 109, 132, 134, 162, 165, 168, 174, 185, 186, 196, 204, 209, 210, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 223, 224, 247, 260, 267, 276, 285, 293, 323, 336, 351, 358, 375, 392, 394, 396, 406, 407, 410, 413, 419, 421, 437, 439, 441, 442, 445, 446, 456, 457, 458, 459, 465, 468, 472, 474, 477, 480, 492, 493, 494, 496, 499, 507, 508, 511, 512, 514, 515, 527, 532, 535, 537, 544, 545, 555, 558 marries, 343, 375, 377, 406, 407, 410, 411, 412, 413, 522 Marriott, 353, 554 marry, 71, 411, 499 marrying, 530, 536 Marsh, 189, 246, 507 Marshall, 375, 440, 530 Martha, 40, 41, 49, 50, 83, 142, 179, 293, 299, 437, 460, 465, 507, 514 Martin, 4, 13, 32, 161, 162, 186, 187, 188, 192, 198, 203, 232, 233, 234, 239, 240, 243, 249, 296, 299, 300, 301, 302, 306, 307, 308, 311, 320, 324, 356, 358, 360, 371, 376, 377, 380, 386, 391, 396, 400, 404, 447, 450, 470, 480, 486, 487, 488, 489, 490, 492, 503, 504, 506, 511, 519, 524, 538, 540, 541, 542, 545, 552, 555 Martin Harris met all of Mark Twain�s qualifications for a fool, 360 Martindale, 438 Martius, 266, 515 Marty, 266, 515 martyr, 192, 266, 488 Martyr, 529, 546 martyrdom, 465 martyred, 269 marvelous, 75, 239, 262, 397, 398 Marvin, 494, 510 Mary, 19, 132, 133, 141, 152, 206, 213, 215, 216, 217, 250, 298, 335, 339, 404, 410, 449, 462, 472, 473, 474, 492, 494, 495, 496, 511, 516, 534, 539, 555 Maryland, 131, 156, 470, 474 masked, 268 Mason, 270, 278, 280, 283, 304, 335, 375, 487, 509, 512, 513, 516, 517, 524, 525, 527, 528, 529, 531, 533, 534, 557 Masons, 229, 230, 231, 265, 268, 270, 271, 272, 279, 280, 281, 282, 289, 488, 497, 508, 524, 525, 526, 527, 528, 531, 532, 533 Masonic, 198, 223, 251, 267, 268, 269, 270, 273, 274, 275, 277, 278, 280, 281, 283, 304, 476, 488, 490, 511, 514, 516, 525, 526, 527, 528, 529, 534, 546 Masonry, 269, 281, 282, 524, 525, 526, 527, 528, 529, 534, 544 Mass., 108, 116, 261, 405, 406, 408, 431, 442, 451, 493, 496, 513 Massachusetts, 54, 106, 107, 113, 250, 314, 419, 431, 441, 442, 452, 453, 494, 512, 557 MA, 4, 154, 251, 405, 406, 431 MA/NY, 406 massacre, 431 Massie, 478 Master, 14, 25, 154, 271, 475, 516, 527, 528, 529, 530 Masters, 530 masterminds, 271 masthead, 511, 518 matches, 453 maternal, 251, 415, 513 Mather, 9, 181, 182, 192, 273, 429, 486 Mathews, 340 Mathilda, 25 Matilda, 19, 20, 25, 59, 79, 80, 86, 106, 109, 110, 116, 133, 150, 163, 352, 431, 438, 441, 442, 452, 467, 474, 477 Matthew: Matthew S. Clapp (early Campbellite minister in OH), 111, 524, 544 Matthews: Robert J. Matthews (auth. see biblio), 159 Miss Matthews (md. Oct. 27, 1827, OH), 340 Matthews-Northrop Works (pub. see biblio), 524 n.132, 525 n.135 (misspelled Mathew), 544 n.28 mattress, 268, 526 Max, 506 May: May Olive Cowdery (Warren Cowdery�s daughter), b. 1823, NY, 514 n.68 May Flower: in 1844 S. Rigdon laid over at St. Louis aboard steamship May Flower, 159, 479 n.26 Mayflower: O. Cowdery's maternal ancestor, Edward Fuller, was a Pilgrim aboard the Mayflower, 513 n.66 mayor, 154 McCleary, 525 McClellan / McClellin (see McLellin) McClurg, 496 McConnell, 251, 513 McCormick, 285, 413, 535 McCrea, 469 McCullan: Mr. McCullan of Amity, PA, 556 n.3 McFarland, 464, 540, 554 McGuffey, 535 McIntosh, 498 McKee, 78, 90, 91, 122, 126, 127, 128, 129, 134, 163, 164, 165, 176, 352, 455, 471, 472, 480, 535 McKee's, 127, 352, 472 McKiernan, 364, 462, 482 McKinstry, 20, 54, 59, 79, 80, 108, 114, 115, 117, 150, 163, 164, 165, 442, 443, 452, 464, 477 McKune, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 190, 374 McLean, 361, 552 McLeland (see McLellin) McLellin, William E.: in 1831 he was present when revelations prepared for the press, 248 (msp. McClellan) in 1832 he attempted to convert Erastus Cowdery, 288 (msp. D. McClellin), 363 (msp. McClellin) in 1845 he differed with S. Rigdon in sentiment, 553 n.25 (msp. McLeland) in 1846 he said S. Rigdon had in him hypocrisy, dishonesty and fanaticism, 355 in 1846 he went Shalersville, Ohio with his family, 550 n.8 (msp. McClellin), 355 (msp. McClellin) in 1870 he wrote letter to JSIII (see biblio.), 509 n.41 (msp. McClellan) Journals of William E. McLellin (see biblio.), 536 n.13 (msp. McClellin) McMillan's, 472 MD, 97, 152, 154, 158, 250, 266, 401, 442, 474, 507, 509, 527, 543, 556 Md., 156, 157, 470, 474 Means, 301, 335, 463 Mecca, 225, 230, 284, 285, 286, 287, 289, 385, 414, 416, 417, 421, 422, 534, 535, 536, 554 mechanic, 517 media, 383 medical, 100, 217, 223, 226, 229, 252, 266, 413, 457, 472, 494, 495, 496, 502, 513, 514, 525 Medical, 266, 439, 487, 495, 514 medicated, 391 medicinal, 441, 478 medicine, 97, 129, 214, 217, 224, 355, 449, 457, 472, 487, 514 meeting, 31, 33, 43, 44, 50, 63, 70, 101, 108, 153, 163, 166, 172, 173, 204, 205, 206, 207, 230, 239, 248, 271, 286, 287, 289, 306, 307, 313, 331, 336, 337, 338, 339, 340, 341, 342, 343, 344, 345, 346, 347, 357, 358, 360, 361, 362, 381, 392, 394, 438, 439, 464, 467, 477, 490, 499, 500, 520, 524, 531, 540, 549, 552 meeting house, 337 meetinghouse, 100, 101, 153, 461 meetings, 34, 44, 67, 139, 177, 183, 201, 229, 231, 239, 268, 279, 286, 287, 330, 340, 341, 344, 360, 373, 391, 426, 477, 485, 546 megalomania, 170 megalomaniac, 192 Mehitabel, 558 Mehling, 19, 215, 216, 250, 298, 299, 403, 404, 405, 406, 407, 409, 416, 492, 493, 494, 495, 496, 499, 502, 511, 512, 513, 514, 515, 516, 519, 534, 535, 538, 539, 555, 557, 558 Meigs, 224, 225, 408, 409, 411, 412, 414, 415, 416, 417, 420, 472, 495, 496, 518, 555, 556, 558 melancholy, 170, 171 member, 35, 69, 85, 111, 156, 161, 171, 215, 243, 255, 266, 270, 271, 272, 275, 276, 328, 329, 378, 384, 432, 437, 442, 445, 447, 449, 455, 460, 467, 468, 472, 475, 500, 507, 511, 514, 526, 527, 528, 531, 533, 553 members, 9, 16, 31, 34, 51, 53, 59, 69, 101, 107, 113, 154, 159, 167, 175, 178, 180, 192, 205, 206, 213, 218, 224, 229, 248, 266, 270, 271, 284, 286, 316, 327, 331, 352, 402, 431, 434, 449, 450, 464, 481, 484, 491, 492, 495, 496, 504, 524, 527, 528, 539, 549, 553 membership, 9, 35, 100, 461, 516, 527, 550 Membership, 382 Memoir, 446, 519 Memoirs, 170, 482, 489, 548 memorabilia, 556 memorandum, 113, 483, 492 Memorial, 68, 137, 353, 442, 444, 452, 453, 455, 471, 476, 488, 513, 549, 557 memories, 46, 91, 122, 138, 141, 164, 349, 352, 370 memory, 4, 14, 41, 46, 81, 85, 89, 99, 117, 123, 125, 134, 136, 138, 149, 155, 160, 163, 164, 187, 243, 262, 277, 284, 299, 347, 437, 452, 453, 454, 493, 502, 533 men, 11, 43, 47, 72, 74, 75, 79, 105, 112, 128, 144, 153, 156, 162, 172, 173, 175, 188, 191, 200, 201, 211, 220, 225, 233, 245, 252, 263, 266, 268, 287, 299, 308, 314, 318, 319, 320, 321, 354, 364, 377, 380, 399, 431, 454, 471, 485, 486, 498, 499, 500, 511, 516, 520, 524, 527, 538, 539 Mennonites, 538 mental, 73, 127, 140, 170, 199, 362 mentally, 488 mentor, 170, 219, 221, 228, 466 Mentor, 38, 44, 103, 161, 286, 287, 311, 312, 330, 331, 337, 338, 339, 340, 341, 342, 343, 344, 345, 346, 347, 348, 353, 363, 394, 425, 427, 428, 481, 482, 483, 491, 543, 548 Mentor-Buffalo, 330 mercantile, 25, 286, 337, 338 merchant, 100, 159, 160, 285, 472 merchants, 285 Mercury, 477, 502, 512, 516 Mercy, 421 Merrill, 488, 549 Mervin, 525 Mesmeric, 392 message, 12, 15, 18, 118, 230, 328, 367 Messenger, 179, 248, 249, 262, 275, 436, 451, 459, 465, 481, 483, 485, 489, 504, 510, 511, 514, 515, 521, 537, 540, 546, 552 messengers, 367, 551 Messers, 110, 466 Messrs, 109, 130, 389, 476 Messiah: death and resurrection of God; Jesus the Messiah, proclaimed, not proven, 10 JS the second Messiah who was to reveal this word [BoM] to the world, 202 metal, 228, 262, 399, 486 metallic, 180 metaphysician, 214, 219, 250 Metcalf, 552 meteoric, 154 method, 11, 46, 299, 378, 477 Methodism, 239 Methodist, 34, 53, 58, 69, 111, 153, 178, 184, 238, 267, 345, 373, 394, 448, 484, 511, 532, 550 Methodists, 178, 391, 398, 484, 538 methodology, 73 methods, 9, 16, 50, 357, 358, 440 Mexican, 187 Mfg., 493 MH (see Harris, Martin) MI, 512, 519, 550 Mich., 438, 450, 498, 550 Michigan, 72, 253, 258, 317, 320, 321, 383, 384, 415, 421, 454, 480, 503 Michael: Michael Morse, 190 Michael Marquardt (auth. see biblio.), 485 n.34, 505 n.18, 552 n.21 D. Michael Quinn, 491 n.20, 522 n.123, 538 n.42 Michael E. Homer (auth. see biblio.), 527 n.148 Michael T. Walton (auth. see biblio), 552 n.21 Microfilm, 433, 443, 556 middle-aged, 316 Middlebury, 494 middleman, 160 Middlesex, 408, 557 Middletown, 213, 217, 220, 493, 494, 497, 498, 501, 528 midnight, 54, 239, 261, 330, 331, 508 midsummer, 39 Mifflin, 480, 525 migrate, 409, 412, 416 migrated, 23, 137, 204, 284, 415, 495, 558 migrates, 413 migrating, 286, 495 migration, 24, 133, 384, 404, 409, 430 MIGRATIONS, 403, 404 Mike, 21 Milan, 499 milched, 460 milching, 461 Mile, 399, 471, 472, 473, 474 miles-per-day, 378 miles-per-hour, 427 military, 216, 403 militia, 213, 215, 217, 403, 440 milked, 211, 488 milking, 461 mill, 64, 68, 75, 187, 190, 246, 470, 478, 518 Mill, 119, 468 Millar, 62, 66, 439, 445 Millard, 488, 513 Millennial, 309, 354, 434, 447, 451, 460, 482, 483, 484, 491, 531, 538, 542, 543, 548 Millennium, 390 Miller, 46, 48, 50, 51, 52, 60, 64, 79, 80, 86, 87, 88, 90, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 128, 176, 228, 229, 230, 266, 268, 269, 273, 274, 278, 279, 280, 281, 283, 352, 445, 455, 456, 471, 472, 524, 525, 526, 531, 534, 551 Millers, 439 Mills, 489 Milly, 410 Milton, 429, 503 Minard, 549 mine, 71, 189, 263, 264, 311, 329, 392, 399, 486, 521 Miner, 494 mineral, 264 Mineral, 508 Minerva: At Manchester, Walters sacrificed a cock (a bird [sacred] to Minerva), 219 mines, 375, 530 mining, 262 minion, 331 minister, 13, 25, 100, 118, 152, 225, 273, 285, 312, 328, 331, 338, 401, 431, 448, 450, 465, 468, 472, 477 ministers, 118, 152, 459, 469, 551 ministerial, 175, 384 ministering, 100 Ministries, 454 ministry, 18, 25, 52, 101, 139, 204, 335, 460, 461 Minn., 498 Minneapolis, 498 Minnifter, 456 minor, 93, 94, 103, 181, 235, 264, 274, 335, 384, 433, 441, 468, 469, 470, 479, 493, 516, 530, 540, 545 Minor, 440 minority, 153, 335, 356, 461 minutes, 44, 114, 317 Minutes, 447, 459, 461, 467, 482, 484, 491, 514, 524, 547, 552 miracle, 100, 172, 230, 381 miracles, 169, 186, 189, 313, 360, 361, 390 miraculous, 197, 358 mischief, 328 misconduct, 34, 154, 435 misdemeanor, 359, 505, 528 misdemeanors, 530 misfortunes, 440 misinterpreted, 118, 466 misled, 449, 523 misprinted, 117, 465, 515 misprints, 339 mis-reported, 483 misrepresented, 50, 51, 54, 181, 355, 466, 550 Miss, 130, 137, 463, 468 missing, 78, 79, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 161, 176, 188, 288, 291, 295, 301, 352, 411, 449, 457, 483, 501, 502, 505, 509, 527, 557 mission, 34, 35, 55, 57, 169, 178, 183, 205, 206, 221, 228, 288, 331, 343, 344, 345, 448, 449, 466, 538 missionaries, 9, 34, 166, 391, 484, 485 missionary, 17, 33, 34, 161, 315, 382, 425, 468, 477 Missionary, 67, 329, 332, 546, 548 Mississippi, 82, 454, 505 MO, 4, 248, 538, 549 Mo., 430, 432, 433, 436, 441, 444, 466, 481, 492, 496, 498, 503, 509, 514, 515, 520, 521, 523, 528, 532, 533, 536, 537, 540, 544, 545, 550, 554, 555 Missouri, 7, 160, 162, 186, 209, 212, 249, 253, 256, 259, 265, 276, 329, 353, 430, 453, 490, 491, 509, 515, 516, 520, 531, 532, 546, 550 Missourians, 160, 520 misspell, 482 misspells, 497 mistake, 58, 70, 88, 135, 140, 311, 506 mistakes, 320, 527 mistaken, 32, 74, 93, 158, 160, 311, 334, 396, 439, 507, 538 mistakenly, 256, 337, 407, 416, 461, 495, 496, 513, 522, 536, 554 mistranscribed, 495 mistranscription, 527, 557 mistress, 277, 352, 532 misused, 466 Mitchell, 198, 203, 311 Mitchill, 383, 386, 387 Mitchener, 505 mitigate, 457 M'Kee, 126 mob, 261, 268, 330, 332, 440, 490, 509, 520 Moderators, 440 Mohammed, 202 Mohawk, 396, 407, 555 Mohawks, 407 Mohocks Branch, 555 molding, 489 monarch, 515 monastic, 387 money, 42, 43, 47, 54, 59, 62, 65, 75, 89, 91, 92, 110, 118, 124, 127, 151, 155, 157, 160, 161, 165, 182, 184, 188, 192, 198, 200, 201, 203, 210, 211, 212, 213, 220, 221, 222, 225, 226, 227, 229, 231, 232, 238, 239, 241, 246, 259, 261, 262, 263, 264, 265, 269, 270, 274, 275, 276, 278, 293, 294, 295, 302, 303, 307, 308, 314, 316, 317, 322, 323, 325, 326, 327, 336, 346, 347, 354, 356, 358, 359, 372, 374, 375, 376, 377, 378, 381, 397, 398, 407, 430, 461, 478, 479, 480, 490, 491, 492, 497, 499, 500, 502, 503, 506, 508, 518, 519, 521, 522, 523, 524, 530, 537, 541, 544, 545, 556 money digger, 54, 75, 238, 314, 521, 545 money-digger, 227, 293, 322, 358, 521 money diggers, 201, 222, 294, 295, 327, 544 money-diggers, 229, 231, 232, 261, 263, 264, 265, 294, 316, 346, 372, 374, 377, 522, 537 money-digging, 200, 203, 210, 211, 212, 213, 221, 225, 226, 229, 232, 259, 262, 263, 264, 265, 275, 294, 295, 316, 317, 347, 372, 374, 376, 377, 381, 407, 491, 492, 497, 499, 500, 502, 508, 523, 524, 530 money-making, 239, 325, 478, 506 monies, 308, 542 monks, 383 monomaniac, 239 Monongahela, 475 Monroe, 218, 265, 413, 417, 418, 422, 423, 444, 496, 497, 512, 519, 524 Monsarrat, 529, 546 Monson, 54, 55, 106, 108, 109, 114, 116, 431, 441, 442, 451, 452, 464, 465 Monterey, 324 Montgomery, 67, 445, 446, 464 Monthly, 442, 451, 467, 538, 552 Montpelier, 474 Monument, 472, 473 moon, 502 moonshine, 110, 118 Moore, 433, 458 Moore's, 458 Moral, 465 morality, 149 More, 38, 73, 343, 379, 381, 447 Morgan, 229, 230, 231, 251, 265, 266, 267, 268, 269, 270, 271, 272, 273, 274, 275, 276, 277, 278, 279, 280, 281, 283, 289, 300, 304, 326, 358, 362, 382, 387, 414, 441, 505, 507, 520, 524, 525, 526, 527, 528, 529, 530, 531, 532, 533, 534, 537, 544 Morgans, 276 Moriah, 527 Morley, 313, 344, 348, 391, 544 Morley's, 313, 344, 544 Mormon, 1, 4, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 23, 24, 25, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 55, 57, 58, 61, 62, 63, 65, 66, 68, 69, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 77, 80, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 92, 96, 97, 99, 101, 103, 104, 106, 108, 109, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 119, 121, 123, 124, 125, 128, 130, 135, 136, 138, 139, 140, 141, 147, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 166, 167, 171, 172, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, 179, 181, 186, 188, 190, 191, 192, 193, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 210, 211, 212, 218, 221, 222, 234, 235, 239, 240, 242, 244, 245, 246, 248, 249, 250, 258, 259, 261, 263, 264, 269, 270, 275, 277, 287, 288, 290, 291, 292, 295, 296, 299, 300, 304, 305, 308, 309, 310, 311, 312, 313, 314, 315, 317, 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324, 326, 327, 328, 329, 330, 331, 332, 333, 334, 344, 345, 348, 349, 351, 352, 355, 356, 358, 359, 360, 361, 362, 363, 364, 365, 368, 369, 370, 377, 379, 380, 381, 382, 386, 387, 389, 390, 391, 392, 395, 396, 399, 401, 402, 404, 425, 429, 430, 431, 432, 433, 434, 435, 436, 437, 438, 440, 441, 442, 443, 444, 445, 447, 448, 449, 450, 451, 452, 453, 454, 455, 456, 457, 458, 461, 462, 463, 464, 465, 466, 467, 471, 472, 475, 477, 478, 479, 480, 481, 482, 483, 484, 485, 486, 487, 488, 489, 490, 491, 492, 493, 494, 497, 498, 499, 500, 501, 503, 504, 506, 508, 509, 510, 511, 514, 515, 521, 522, 523, 524, 526, 527, 528, 529, 531, 532, 536, 537, 538, 539, 540, 541, 542, 543, 544, 545, 546, 547, 548, 549, 550, 551, 552, 553, 554, 556 Mormon Bible / Mormons� new Bible (see also Gold / Golden Bible, and lit. index) Book of Mormon a new Bible, based upon SS�s Manuscript Found, 43 Artemas Cunningham said Mormon Bible outlines taken from SS�s writings, 46 Henry Lake and others requested SS�s writings be compared to Mormon Bible, 53, 108 Aron Wright recognized SS�s fictional history in the Mormon Bible, 65 Josiah Spalding believed the pattern of SS�s novel used to from Mormons� bible, 100 1839 statement alleged Mormon Bible adapted from SS�s writings, 108-9 Joseph Miller and neighbors conjectured SS was the real author of Mormon Bible, 125 John Thompson remembered names in SS�s writings later used in Mormon Bible, 130 Cephas Dodd never saw SS�s writings nor the Mormon Bible, 130 Rev. John Winter said S. Rigdon made Mormon Bible from SS�s manuscript, 152 JS and associates made their new Bible from SS�s Manuscript Found, 179 lost pages of �translation,� might be a totally different Bible than BoM, 188 Lucy Harris disparaged JS�s old (ancient Nephite) Bible, 192 S. Rigdon reported as the author of the Mormonites� new Bible, 198-203 due to female interferance some of JS�s new Bible disappeared, 202 Wm. Lang said O. Cowdery greatly helped in producing Mormon Bible, 263 S. Rigdon visited JSS family prior to publication of the Mormon Bible, 317 S. Rigdon came to Palmyra (in Dec. 1830) to �preach the Mormon Bible,� 319, 349 Able Chase claimed knowledge about the production of the Mormon Bible, 321-2 J. J. Moss said no doubt that S. Rigdon linked SS�s book and Mormon Bible, 390 JS considered the author of the new [Mormon] Bible, 397 1885 article by former Conneaut res., entitled �The Mormon Bible,� 453 n.16 1831 article said Martin Harris called BoM an anti-Masonic Bible, 524 n.130 JSS in 1830 reportedly said the BoM was a new Bible, 529 n.161 even in his 1876 obituraries, S. Rigdon was cited as author of Mormon Bible, 551 n.11 Mormon Thought, 433, 457, 482, 485, 494, 498, 508, 521, 527, 538, 550, 552 Mormonism, 9, 11, 14, 15, 18, 29, 36, 37, 38, 39, 47, 50, 51, 52, 53, 55, 58, 61, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 77, 81, 97, 107, 109, 110, 113, 116, 122, 156, 157, 160, 162, 165, 166, 170, 171, 174, 177, 179, 180, 181, 182, 189, 191, 195, 196, 198, 199, 201, 210, 213, 220, 235, 237, 238, 242, 243, 244, 258, 259, 270, 288, 296, 303, 308, 310, 312, 313, 319, 321, 322, 324, 326, 329, 334, 347, 349, 355, 358, 359, 360, 361, 363, 364, 369, 387, 389, 390, 392, 393, 398, 429, 433, 436, 437, 438, 439, 440, 441, 443, 444, 447, 451, 452, 453, 454, 461, 464, 471, 472, 473, 476, 477, 478, 479, 480, 482, 483, 485, 486, 487, 488, 489, 490, 491, 492, 493, 494, 498, 499, 502, 503, 504, 505, 506, 516, 520, 521, 522, 523, 525, 526, 527, 530, 535, 536, 537, 538, 539, 540, 542, 544, 545, 546, 549, 552, 553 Mormonism Unvailed, 38, 39, 77, 109, 195, 196, 347, 369, 437, 438, 439, 443, 444, 452, 453, 454, 464, 473, 476, 478, 480, 482, 486, 489, 493, 502, 523, 530, 536, 537, 539, 540, 542, 545 Mormonism Unveiled, 51, 393, 552 Mormonism-Shadow, 433 Mormonite, 359 Mormonites, 198, 201, 359, 394, 442, 454, 490, 491, 537, 552 Mormons, 9, 11, 13, 15, 16, 17, 29, 30, 31, 32, 34, 35, 38, 51, 53, 58, 59, 69, 71, 74, 75, 77, 80, 81, 87, 108, 114, 116, 130, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 160, 162, 166, 167, 168, 177, 178, 186, 187, 189, 190, 192, 195, 207, 213, 241, 242, 248, 249, 256, 261, 264, 276, 286, 287, 288, 289, 295, 299, 306, 313, 325, 328, 329, 332, 348, 354, 361, 368, 389, 390, 392, 393, 398, 399, 401, 430, 432, 436, 440, 441, 447, 458, 461, 465, 466, 467, 471, 476, 479, 480, 481, 484, 486, 488, 489, 491, 499, 504, 506, 509, 514, 520, 524, 525, 526, 530, 531, 532, 544, 546, 547, 550, 551, 553, 556 Morning, 175, 199, 201, 248, 249, 433, 449, 450, 483, 484, 490, 510, 514, 537, 546 Moroni (alleged angelic messenger � see also lit. index): Angel Moroni allegedly first visits JS in NY, in 1823, 23, 178, 183, 293, 373 Angel Moroni also referred to as Nephi in some early LDS statements, 373, 484 n.24 JS claimed to have returned golden plates to Angel Moroni in 1829, 380 JS reportedly at first referred to his angel visitor as Thum Moroni, 484 n.24 morphine, 390, 509 Morris, 273, 421, 473, 485, 494, 503, 525, 529, 530, 532, 534, 536, 546 Morris's, 485 Morristown, 251 Morse, 84, 189, 190, 391, 438, 465 Morse's, 84 mortgage, 192, 264, 308, 372, 374, 497, 522 mortgages, 26, 379 Moscow, 224, 251, 252, 266, 278, 412, 413, 421, 422, 423, 512, 515 Moses: Moses Cowdery, Sr. (1731-1813), 284, 406, 408 (sp. Cowdy) Moses Cowdery, Jr. (d. 1861), 408 (sp. Cowdy), 414, 416, 421-2, Mosquito, 286 Moss, 68, 343, 361, 389, 390, 393, 394, 447 mother, 29, 55, 80, 104, 105, 132, 150, 163, 179, 180, 182, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216, 228, 234, 238, 239, 241, 245, 251, 260, 264, 265, 290, 292, 298, 299, 301, 307, 309, 320, 323, 336, 351, 373, 375, 378, 390, 392, 407, 412, 417, 442, 451, 472, 493, 496, 511, 539, 558 mother-in-law, 451 motivated, 39, 75, 143, 162, 214, 432, 488, 523 motivation, 71, 176, 305, 307, 367 motive, 47, 49, 153, 168, 175, 278, 312 motives, 55, 106, 109, 167, 367, 392 motto, 513 mound, 27, 81, 82, 85, 127, 462 mounds, 40, 41, 42, 49, 71, 84, 85, 107, 124, 163, 309, 310, 313, 445, 446, 454, 487 Mount, 88, 344, 453 Mountain, 216, 544 mountains, 148, 218, 219, 220, 361 mouth, 14, 63, 67, 82, 133, 141, 149, 172, 258, 355, 409, 454, 469, 483 mouths, 258, 356 mouthpiece, 73 movement, 16, 47, 103, 166, 170, 196, 212, 213, 220, 286, 304, 335, 340, 491 movements, 161, 184, 197, 199, 201, 244, 411, 412 Movements, 460, 467, 477, 478 Mr., 29, 31, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 45, 47, 49, 53, 54, 55, 62, 66, 70, 73, 75, 80, 84, 87, 91, 93, 96, 97, 99, 104, 105, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 114, 115, 116, 118, 119, 120, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 143, 144, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 168, 171, 174, 176, 184, 185, 187, 188, 191, 196, 205, 206, 210, 238, 244, 246, 247, 250, 257, 259, 280, 286, 312, 317, 318, 321, 324, 325, 328, 329, 333, 334, 346, 347, 348, 353, 354, 355, 361, 380, 390, 396, 398, 430, 431, 433, 434, 436, 437, 438, 439, 440, 441, 442, 447, 448, 451, 455, 456, 460, 461, 462, 465, 472, 474, 475, 477, 478, 481, 483, 490, 491, 498, 501, 504, 506, 510, 511, 516, 517, 518, 522, 530, 532, 533, 536, 541, 543, 545, 550, 553, 556 Mrs., 15, 19, 27, 54, 55, 58, 60, 61, 77, 79, 93, 96, 105, 106, 108, 109, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 122, 123, 129, 130, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 143, 149, 150, 151, 152, 155, 157, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 174, 175, 176, 184, 185, 187, 188, 189, 190, 192, 212, 215, 234, 238, 239, 241, 244, 246, 281, 284, 290, 291, 299, 303, 323, 324, 333, 343, 347, 348, 362, 376, 398, 402, 409, 417, 421, 423, 438, 440, 441, 442, 444, 446, 451, 452, 457, 464, 465, 466, 467, 471, 474, 475, 477, 480, 481, 487, 488, 491, 495, 497, 506, 507, 511, 532, 539, 542, 549, 552, 553 Ms, 49, 122, 441, 442, 540 MS, 124, 337, 437, 440, 441, 443, 444, 465, 476, 482, 538 Ms., 49, 122, 441, 442 Mss, 89 Mt., 421, 527, 558 Mt. Vernon, 558 Mudd, 92, 444, 452, 455 Multi-Media, 465 mummies, 58 Munger, 228, 258, 515, 519 Munson, 131 murder, 57, 273, 363, 481, 488, 529 murdered, 160, 184, 231, 269, 282, 289, 430, 526 murmur, 203 museum, 44, 464 musical, 171, 500 musician, 430 Musser: Joseph Musser (auth. Mormonism, 1895, VT?), 494 n.17 mutilated, 373 mutual, 153, 263, 357, 387, 461 Myrick: Rev. Osborne Myrick (early minister in VT), 494 mysteries, 188, 246, 529, 551 mysterious, 39, 124, 149, 169, 227, 238, 240, 283, 306, 322, 323, 347, 358, 387 mystery, 17, 202, 209, 210, 369, 383, 446, 520, 551 mystic, 180, 271 mysticism, 177 mystification, 392 mystique, 314, 489 myth, 23, 30, 59, 489 Myth: �A Myth of Onanda, or Treasure Hunters of the Genesee,� by Geo. H. Harris (see biblio), 522 n.124 The Myth Makers, by Hugh Nibley, 1961 (see biblio), 490 n.15 The Myth of the Manuscript Found, by Geo. Reynolds, 1883 (see biblio), 457 n.1, The Myth of William Morgan, by Samuel H. Wandall, 1943 (see biblio), 525 n.135 mythical, 203, 516 myth-makers: LDS myth-makers ignore Rigdon and lionize Smith, 489 n.45 myths: James G. Bennett�s 1832 reports only �reflect myths� about BoM, 203 N Nachor Corning md. Phoebe Wilson, OH, 1828, 341 Nahum, 43, 49, 438, 439, 441, 444 Naked, 399, 435, 440, 441, 443, 448, 450, 452, 477, 479, 489, 506, 507, 535, 536, 539, 542, 543, 544, 545, 546, 547, 548, 549, 553 Naked Truths, 399, 435, 440, 441, 443, 448, 450, 452, 477, 479, 489, 506, 507, 535, 536, 539, 542, 543, 544, 545, 546, 547, 548, 549, 553 name, 17, 31, 36, 37, 39, 46, 49, 57, 68, 74, 83, 87, 92, 105, 106, 109, 110, 111, 114, 115, 116, 118, 120, 121, 124, 125, 126, 129, 132, 138, 141, 143, 144, 147, 150, 151, 154, 155, 161, 164, 165, 166, 181, 182, 183, 196, 201, 218, 222, 235, 241, 242, 245, 246, 251, 252, 254, 258, 263, 268, 280, 294, 304, 305, 319, 320, 321, 322, 325, 327, 336, 357, 358, 363, 373, 386, 392, 394, 395, 402, 430, 433, 436, 444, 445, 448, 449, 453, 454, 458, 465, 466, 467, 473, 475, 476, 481, 482, 484, 489, 492, 494, 495, 496, 497, 498, 499, 502, 505, 507, 508, 511, 512, 513, 514, 518, 519, 520, 521, 526, 532, 533, 535, 545, 552, 553, 556, 557, 558 named, 25, 52, 64, 67, 113, 125, 126, 127, 132, 133, 144, 160, 162, 175, 178, 188, 199, 206, 215, 229, 231, 243, 253, 260, 271, 280, 289, 301, 308, 314, 317, 336, 347, 358, 363, 412, 418, 438, 439, 442, 453, 454, 474, 496, 505, 519, 527, 532, 553, 557 names, 28, 40, 41, 43, 45, 47, 49, 62, 63, 65, 72, 80, 88, 89, 107, 114, 115, 130, 134, 143, 145, 221, 229, 245, 246, 255, 256, 318, 355, 396, 405, 431, 444, 445, 454, 473, 476, 484, 492, 499, 527, 531, 558 namesake, 495 Nancy, 154, 156, 338, 410, 433, 535 narrative, 28, 74, 90, 92, 107, 184, 190, 310, 329, 487 Narrative, 525, 526, 534, 554 Narrative of the Anti-Masonic Excitement, 526 Narratives, 484 narrow, 87, 140, 201, 294, 327, 454 nasty, 318 Nathan, 51, 52, 67, 381, 438, 441, 459 Nathaniel, 198, 213, 215, 407, 408, 458, 508, 518 Natick, 494 nation, 13, 24, 82, 107, 198 nations, 18, 40, 86, 126, 358, 531, 532 National, 455, 474, 525, 535 native, 211, 382, 396, 431 nature, 10, 18, 29, 46, 118, 121, 143, 147, 166, 172, 180, 182, 201, 261, 299, 314, 316, 364, 454, 459, 485, 533 Nature, 506 Nauvoo, 114, 154, 155, 156, 157, 159, 172, 187, 207, 270, 277, 355, 361, 370, 467, 478, 479, 489, 494, 527, 531, 532, 541, 552, 554 Neal, 503, 522, 556 necromancer, 500 necromancy, 211 necromantic, 197 Neely, 375, 530 Neely's, 530 ne'er-do-well, 267 Nehemiah (see also King, Nehemiah): Judge Nehemiah Allen was member of anti-Mormon group in OH, in 1833-34, 438 n.68 , ,, 445, 465 neighbor, 10, 33, 65, 95, 104, 122, 187, 267, 276, 317, 359, 401, 452, 518 neighborhood, 42, 52, 57, 96, 130, 179, 183, 184, 189, 190, 199, 202, 222, 292, 296, 301, 305, 318, 319, 324, 475, 485, 545, 546 neighboring, 101, 185, 285, 381, 395, 437, 458, 549 neighbors, 27, 29, 51, 54, 67, 71, 79, 83, 107, 109, 112, 132, 168, 187, 226, 238, 240, 266, 288, 297, 302, 322, 323, 345, 377, 384, 385, 398, 450, 452, 473, 490, 491, 500, 514 neighbour, 452, 453 Nelson, 284, 311, 507, 531, 534, 535 nephew, 131, 162, 416, 420, 494, 515, 558 nephews, 260 Nephi (angel or celestialized man associated with coming forth of BoM � see also lit. index): Orsamus Turner said angel directed JS to record "engraved by Mormon, the son of Nephi," 240 JS said Nephi (or Angel Moroni) appeared to him in 1823 and directed him to the plates, 373 Some early LDS sources identify JS�s angel as �Nephi,� 484 n.24 Nephite Record (alleged engraved plates containing BoM text � see also lit. index): the true origin of JS's Nephite Record may never be completely unraveled, 387 �Unearthed Records of the Nephites�: fraudulent reference to SS�s writings, 401 Nephites (see lit. index): n'er-do-wells, 219 Nevin, 431, 469 New, 13, 23, 25, 26, 29, 31, 32, 33, 34, 44, 48, 53, 54, 57, 58, 60, 67, 71, 72, 77, 78, 80, 82, 84, 106, 107, 108, 109, 122, 126, 129, 141, 152, 153, 155, 160, 167, 175, 177, 180, 181, 183, 185, 186, 188, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 209, 210, 211, 214, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 229, 231, 233, 237, 241, 243, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 254, 257, 264, 265, 267, 270, 272, 273, 284, 287, 288, 291, 292, 293, 295, 296, 301, 304, 306, 311, 315, 317, 320, 323, 324, 325, 327, 331, 332, 334, 335, 336, 339, 340, 344, 345, 346, 347, 349, 353, 355, 357, 358, 359, 361, 362, 367, 374, 375, 377, 379, 382, 383, 385, 386, 389, 390, 391, 400, 404, 408, 409, 411, 412, 415, 417, 419, 421, 422, 423, 425, 426, 429, 431, 432, 434, 436, 438, 440, 441, 442, 443, 444, 451, 454, 455, 458, 463, 465, 466, 467, 469, 471, 472, 474, 476, 477, 478, 479, 480, 483, 484, 485, 486, 488, 489, 490, 491, 492, 493, 495, 496, 497, 499, 500, 502, 503, 504, 505, 506, 507, 508, 509, 510, 511, 512, 513, 514, 515, 516, 517, 518, 519, 521, 522, 523, 524, 525, 526, 527, 529, 530, 534, 537, 538, 542, 543, 544, 546, 547, 549, 550, 551, 552, 553, 554, 555, 556, 557 New Hampshire: SS entered the sophomore class at Dartmouth College, in Hanover, NH, in 1782, 25 Luman Walters escaped from jail at Hillsborough Co., NH, in 1818, 219 Manchester, NH (pub. loc. see biblio), 500 n.44 Grantham, NH (Cowdery family in), 407, 495 n.30 Acworth, NH, 481 n.44, Clarmont, NH, 493 n.17, Lebanon, NH � JSS moved family to in 1812, 495 n.29, 406 n.30 New York, 13, 23, 25, 26, 29, 31, 34, 44, 48, 53, 54, 57, 58, 60, 67, 71, 72, 77, 78, 80, 82, 84, 107, 122, 126, 129, 141, 155, 160, 167, 175, 177, 180, 181, 183, 185, 186, 188, 197, 198, 199, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 209, 210, 211, 214, 216, 217, 218, 220, 221, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 231, 233, 237, 241, 243, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 257, 264, 265, 267, 270, 272, 273, 284, 287, 288, 291, 292, 293, 295, 296, 301, 304, 306, 311, 315, 317, 320, 323, 324, 325, 327, 331, 332, 334, 336, 339, 344, 345, 346, 347, 349, 353, 355, 357, 358, 359, 361, 362, 367, 374, 375, 377, 379, 382, 383, 385, 386, 389, 390, 391, 400, 404, 408, 409, 411, 412, 415, 417, 419, 421, 422, 423, 425, 426, 429, 431, 434, 436, 440, 441, 442, 443, 444, 451, 455, 458, 465, 466, 467, 469, 471, 474, 476, 477, 478, 480, 483, 484, 485, 486, 488, 489, 490, 491, 492, 493, 495, 496, 497, 499, 503, 504, 505, 507, 508, 509, 510, 511, 512, 513, 515, 516, 517, 518, 519, 521, 523, 524, 525, 526, 527, 529, 534, 537, 538, 543, 544, 546, 547, 549, 550, 551, 552, 553, 554, 555, 556, 557 N.Y., 211, 298, 317, 321, 381, 406, 422, 451, 496, 504, 513, 524, 525, 548, 549, 550 N. Y., 58, 71, 157, 237, 291, 321, 322, 324, 354, 385, 394, 395, 403, 405, 406, 407, 411, 412, 413, 422, 423, 425, 426, 437, 439, 441, 442, 445, 446, 468, 485, 487, 488, 494, 495, 496, 497, 498, 500, 502, 503, 505, 508, 509, 511, 513, 514, 518, 519, 521, 525, 526, 528, 530, 534, 536, 542, 543, 544, 551, 556 NY, 57, 204, 222, 241, 258, 353, 373, 375, 406, 407, 408, 409, 410, 412, 413, 414, 415, 416, 431, 442, 454, 476, 484, 491, 492, 496, 497, 498, 499, 502, 504, 505, 507, 510, 512, 513, 514, 516, 517, 518, 519, 520, 522, 525, 527, 528, 540, 543, 549, 552, 557 NYC, 525 New York Mail Stage, 426 Newark, 204, 206, 207, 220, 416, 417, 499 newborn, 215, 316 Newcomb, 100, 258, 459, 518, 519, 538 Newel, 31, 53, 172, 206, 329, 381, 400, 438, 439, 484, 491 Newell, 327, 328, 330, 365, 553 Newport, 227, 228, 229, 256, 257, 258, 264, 279, 415, 422, 504, 512, 516, 517, 518, 519, 522, 523 News, 4, 23, 375, 430, 435, 436, 450, 454, 466, 480, 532, 542, 550, 551, 554 Newsletter, 454 newsman, 197, 294, 346, 389 newspaperman, 248 newspaper, 102, 108, 114, 120, 127, 129, 148, 174, 195, 198, 210, 226, 227, 237, 241, 245, 247, 252, 254, 256, 257, 268, 279, 281, 283, 296, 314, 372, 383, 415, 441, 465, 466, 470, 485, 512, 515, 516, 517, 522, 526, 543 newspapers, 113, 136, 178, 199, 226, 230, 249, 251, 255, 259, 268, 276, 279, 383, 385, 441, 458, 467, 468, 470, 511, 515, 527, 537, 540, 543, 555 Niagara, 242, 246, 249, 255, 272, 274, 422, 463, 503, 504, 505, 506, 507, 508, 509, 511, 512, 513, 516, 517, 524, 525, 526, 529, 534, 546 Nibley, 369, 490, 510, 531, 550, 551 Nicholas, 271, 273, 274, 522, 523, 530 Nichols, 393 nickname, 390, 457, 544, 556 niece, 54, 162, 390, 442, 451, 480, 495 Niles' Register, 555 Nineveh, 189, 190, 399, 555 No., 434, 499, 507, 522, 525, 531, 546, 552 Noble, 381, 395, 396, 398, 399, 400, 407, 475, 521, 530, 555, 556 nobleminded, 465 Nobles, 400, 486, 555 nocturnal, 210, 372 Noel, 488, 549 no-holds-barred, 478 nominal, 505 nominating, 516 non- Masons nonattendance, 381 non-Cowdery, 494 nonexistent, 50, 311, 369, 466 non-Mormon, 30, 33, 43, 109, 181, 192, 389, 440, 491, 498 non-Mormons, 29, 461 non-payment, 497 nonsense, 533 Norfolk, 494, 512 Norman-French, 492 north, 26, 86, 87, 101, 183, 185, 188, 190, 191, 217, 225, 226, 229, 238, 260, 277, 285, 286, 289, 337, 338, 342, 371, 408, 410, 412, 413, 415, 423, 446, 457, 505, 518, 557 North, 17, 23, 24, 27, 40, 46, 50, 86, 88, 100, 159, 285, 368, 423, 437, 454, 458, 511 north-central, 342 northeast, 46, 120, 184, 281, 285, 306, 344, 374, 413, 457, 463, 493, 499 northeastern, 34, 38, 103, 166, 181, 285, 336, 431, 434, 481, 524 northern, 67, 126, 182, 201, 218, 256, 279, 289, 413, 479, 538 Northern, 249, 450, 494, 510, 518 Northumberland, 414 northwest, 132, 254, 267, 285, 385, 415, 418, 494 Norwich, 414, 464, 496 notarized, 53, 369, 466 Notary, 322, 324 notation, 64, 253, 337, 482 Notation, 373 Note, 74, 87, 94, 175, 196, 246, 248, 291, 293, 297, 334, 337, 339, 340, 342, 344, 345, 372, 392, 404, 407, 428, 452, 473, 496, 508, 515, 521, 522, 542 notebook, 528, 533, 550 noted, 30, 36, 47, 49, 88, 94, 104, 118, 137, 151, 164, 172, 179, 185, 213, 285, 286, 294, 304, 327, 347, 383, 384, 429, 430, 437, 453, 457, 459, 464, 465, 466, 471, 473, 488, 499, 502, 511, 519, 526, 549, 550, 556 notes, 66, 77, 105, 106, 113, 143, 199, 203, 232, 241, 335, 375, 433, 440, 441, 442, 444, 448, 454, 470, 476, 478, 479, 482, 491, 492, 497, 528, 533, 537, 544, 548, 550, 553, 554, 556, 557 Notice, 118, 120, 255, 275, 336, 373, 461, 470, 477, 502 notoriety, 108, 239, 461, 490, 506 notorious, 37, 57, 58, 112, 168, 213, 362, 436, 492 Nott, 25, 129, 431 novel, 28, 31, 32, 37, 41, 42, 45, 48, 81, 82, 83, 90, 91, 96, 97, 99, 123, 125, 128, 130, 142, 169, 176, 357, 363, 393, 476, 488 novels, 86 nuisance, 382, 397 O O., 44, 71, 248, 267, 281, 286, 310, 394, 399, 438, 505, 510, 517, 524, 525, 534, 552 Oakland, 374, 435, 443, 452, 477, 489, 506, 535, 542 oar, 397 oath, 72, 196, 273, 302, 359, 365, 399, 481, 486, 553 Obadiah: Col. Obadiah Johnson was SS�s commander in Revolutionary War, 25 Rev. Obadiah Newcomb (early pastor of Pittsburgh First Baptist Church, 100 Obadiah Fuller, O. Cowdery's first cousin (ca. 1783-1825), 229, 260-1, 263-4, 415, 419, 522 n.125 Obadiah Spalding served with SS in Revolutionary War, 430 Obadiah Dogberry (see Cole, Abner) Obediah: Obediah Gates md. Huldah Cowdery, 213 obedient, 302, 457 Oberlin, 77, 78, 89, 92, 444, 452, 455, 512 obese, 436 obey, 328 obit., 519 obituary, 66, 103, 502, 509, 515, 551 objections, 30, 31, 99, 167, 272, 389, 520 oblivion, 147, 269, 476 obscene, 111, 167, 436 obscure, 25, 47, 103, 305, 314, 363, 384, 403, 499, 555 obscurity, 267, 537 Observatory, 226, 242, 254, 256, 503, 505, 517 Observer, 467, 519 occult, 211, 219, 220, 227, 259, 271, 314, 357, 359, 429, 493, 502 Occult, 429, 530 Ocean, 431, 484 O'Connor, 464 Odd-Fellows, 251 offense, 266 offensive, 467 office, 34, 38, 66, 68, 77, 105, 106, 108, 110, 118, 119, 120, 122, 125, 127, 130, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 142, 143, 149, 150, 154, 157, 158, 160, 161, 176, 191, 192, 228, 239, 241, 242, 243, 249, 250, 251, 252, 254, 257, 258, 260, 266, 279, 298, 303, 339, 372, 375, 383, 392, 410, 415, 416, 470, 473, 474, 475, 476, 481, 490, 492, 499, 503, 504, 507, 508, 509, 511, 515, 516, 517, 518, 519, 520, 524, 525, 535, 540, 544, 549, 551, 552, 556 Office, 136, 139, 434, 451, 462, 474, 477, 482, 491, 498, 505, 513, 517, 518, 542 officer, 403, 440 officers, 41, 159, 302, 323, 395, 457, 477, 511 offices, 44, 120, 136, 139, 256, 277, 279, 463, 470, 473, 516, 537 official, 27, 66, 75, 101, 120, 136, 138, 167, 177, 204, 207, 326, 334, 385, 436, 444, 459, 465, 474, 475, 479, 484, 492, 520, 531, 537, 539, 540, 549 officials, 369, 370, 476, 524 officially, 154, 178, 381, 430, 501, 517 officiating, 67, 465 offspring, 224 Ogden, 443 ogham, 386 O'Hara, 469 OH, 39, 44, 60, 71, 72, 96, 97, 117, 167, 171, 249, 314, 339, 345, 408, 409, 410, 411, 412, 413, 414, 415, 416, 432, 438, 445, 448, 449, 451, 457, 480, 489, 490, 491, 497, 499, 502, 503, 506, 511, 512, 543, 548, 550, 552, 555 Ohio, 26, 28, 31, 34, 36, 37, 40, 41, 48, 49, 51, 52, 54, 55, 57, 58, 59, 61, 67, 68, 70, 72, 73, 75, 77, 78, 81, 84, 89, 97, 100, 101, 103, 105, 107, 117, 120, 126, 128, 130, 131, 132, 133, 139, 140, 141, 142, 152, 157, 158, 160, 161, 162, 163, 166, 171, 172, 186, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 206, 210, 212, 216, 218, 223, 224, 225, 230, 231, 232, 233, 235, 241, 243, 244, 245, 247, 248, 249, 254, 256, 259, 260, 263, 271, 284, 285, 286, 288, 289, 290, 291, 293, 294, 295, 300, 303, 311, 312, 313, 324, 325, 327, 328, 330, 331, 334, 336, 337, 338, 339, 340, 341, 342, 343, 344, 346, 348, 353, 354, 355, 356, 357, 363, 369, 382, 383, 384, 385, 389, 391, 392, 393, 398, 401, 402, 403, 404, 408, 409, 410, 411, 412, 413, 414, 415, 416, 417, 418, 419, 420, 421, 422, 423, 424, 425, 426, 427, 428, 431, 432, 434, 435, 436, 437, 438, 439, 440, 441, 443, 444, 445, 446, 447, 448, 451, 452, 454, 455, 456, 458, 459, 461, 462, 464, 465, 467, 469, 472, 473, 476, 478, 479, 480, 481, 482, 483, 484, 489, 493, 494, 495, 496, 498, 506, 507, 511, 514, 516, 518, 520, 524, 526, 534, 535, 536, 537, 540, 542, 543, 544, 545, 546, 547, 549, 550, 552, 554, 555, 556, 557, 558 Ohios, 398 oil, 199, 393 Olds, 340 Olean, 224, 225, 251, 254, 266, 512, 516, 517, 524, 554 Olio, 255, 512, 513, 515, 516, 517, 518, 519, 520, 522, 524, 528, 534, 538, 539 Olive, 212, 215, 268, 278, 414, 416, 514 Oliver, 5, 19, 26, 32, 42, 48, 60, 64, 75, 92, 160, 184, 186, 187, 204, 205, 206, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 217, 218, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235, 237, 238, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252, 253, 254, 255, 256, 257, 258, 259, 260, 261, 262, 263, 264, 265, 266, 267, 269, 270, 271, 275, 278, 279, 280, 283, 284, 285, 286, 287, 288, 289, 290, 291, 292, 293, 294, 295, 296, 297, 298, 299, 300, 301, 303, 304, 305, 306, 307, 308, 310, 314, 321, 327, 329, 330, 331, 332, 337, 345, 346, 356, 357, 358, 359, 361, 362, 363, 368, 369, 370, 371, 372, 378, 384, 385, 396, 402, 403, 404, 405, 410, 412, 413, 415, 416, 417, 423, 425, 438, 442, 447, 449, 450, 451, 492, 493, 494, 495, 496, 497, 502, 503, 506, 509, 510, 511, 513, 514, 515, 516, 518, 519, 520, 521, 522, 523, 524, 528, 529, 531, 532, 533, 534, 536, 537, 538, 539, 540, 541, 546, 550, 551, 554, 555 Oliver's, 209, 210, 212, 213, 214, 215, 217, 218, 220, 221, 223, 225, 227, 229, 234, 235, 243, 244, 248, 250, 252, 253, 257, 259, 260, 261, 263, 264, 265, 266, 270, 271, 284, 285, 288, 289, 293, 297, 298, 299, 303, 305, 308, 356, 358, 362, 363, 402, 405, 410, 415, 416, 417, 493, 494, 502, 510, 513, 515, 516, 519, 522, 524, 531, 540, 541, 551 omission, 104, 487 omissions, 177, 460 omniscient, 482 Onanda, 522 Onandaga, 122 Oneida, 246, 507 Onondaga, 53, 54, 55, 80, 389, 441 Ontario, 182, 201, 202, 214, 217, 218, 223, 240, 241, 247, 272, 275, 290, 291, 298, 372, 406, 410, 414, 417, 419, 420, 421, 422, 484, 492, 494, 496, 497, 498, 500, 504, 510, 512, 513, 523, 527, 530, 543, 550, 557, 558 opiates, 509 opium, 390, 544 opponent, 440 opposed, 31, 37, 119, 158, 164, 179, 251, 299, 305, 374, 392, 402, 405, 453, 476 opposer, 503 opposing, 89, 158, 549 opposite, 31, 34, 69, 172, 189, 190, 290, 323, 347, 456, 504, 523 opposition, 185, 268, 391, 520, 541 Oquago, 508 Oran, 507, 508 Orange, 405, 414, 422, 434, 499, 552 Orangeville, 420 oration, 287, 339 Orations, 222 orchard, 71, 310, 532, 535 orchestrated, 203, 361 ordained, 34, 38, 101, 130, 172, 173, 192, 204, 285, 394, 434, 435, 436, 464, 472, 477, 491, 492, 544 ordaining, 520 Order, 251 orders, 250, 264, 365 ordinances, 11, 459 ordinary, 89, 112, 113, 200, 238, 315, 391, 446, 449, 518 ordination, 459 ore, 262 Ore., 475 Oregon Organ, 160, 479 organization, 43, 338, 358, 445, 520 organizations, 17, 524 organized, 84, 106, 136, 286, 327, 381, 434, 461, 535, 548, 549 Origen, 409 origin, 9, 10, 17, 23, 25, 28, 30, 31, 32, 37, 43, 57, 58, 81, 92, 96, 106, 110, 114, 124, 155, 156, 157, 158, 165, 196, 199, 230, 242, 245, 246, 288, 319, 334, 362, 363, 364, 387, 395, 402, 430, 433, 463, 471, 480, 487, 488, 489, 498, 524 Origin, 31, 104, 106, 116, 174, 180, 244, 258, 334, 402, 430, 432, 433, 434, 435, 436, 437, 440, 441, 447, 451, 452, 454, 455, 462, 463, 466, 467, 471, 472, 475, 477, 478, 483, 485, 488, 490, 499, 502, 504, 521, 522, 536, 537, 539, 545, 546, 548, 549, 550, 553 original, 18, 28, 53, 57, 58, 61, 64, 68, 78, 79, 80, 92, 108, 116, 161, 180, 184, 186, 187, 196, 197, 206, 233, 241, 244, 251, 259, 265, 272, 279, 280, 281, 293, 299, 300, 301, 325, 353, 354, 355, 357, 370, 379, 380, 384, 392, 396, 402, 411, 425, 430, 432, 433, 435, 436, 437, 439, 440, 441, 442, 444, 452, 453, 454, 455, 456, 459, 461, 462, 471, 472, 474, 479, 480, 481, 482, 484, 485, 491, 492, 505, 506, 509, 515, 522, 526, 531, 534, 538, 541, 545, 549, 550, 555, 556 originals, 377 originated, 32, 37, 121, 195, 203, 383, 436, 461, 491, 522 originator, 32, 64, 395 origins, 10, 14, 15, 16, 78, 175, 179, 303, 363, 489, 521 Origins, 460, 464, 485, 540 Orlando, 182, 192 Orleans, 229, 264, 265, 267, 419, 422, 512, 513, 517, 518, 522, 523, 546 Orline: Alexander Orline St. John (auth. see biblio.), 507 Orphans, 335, 336, 462, 464, 547 Orphans', 462, 464, 547 Orrin, 526, 550 Orris, 111, 339, 345, 438 Orsamus, 225, 226, 227, 228, 237, 241, 242, 243, 245, 247, 249, 251, 254, 255, 256, 257, 267, 271, 272, 292, 299, 300, 310, 325, 333, 344, 348, 485, 503, 504, 505, 509, 516, 517, 528, 536, 546, 556 Orsamus's, 503, 517 Orson, 18, 33, 34, 35, 63, 71, 72, 156, 159, 162, 167, 276, 343, 360, 382, 390, 430, 434, 435, 436, 439, 449, 483, 507, 531, 542, 543, 548, 553 Orth, 508 orthodox, 191 Orthodox, 465 orthodoxy, 29 Osborne, 494 Oscar, 324 Osprey, 479 ostensibly, 26, 207, 481 Oswego, 475 Othello, 489 Otsego, 84, 398, 422, 431, 465, 554 outrage, 530 outsiders, 391 overdose, 179, 509 Overland, 467 Overseer, 527 Overstreet, 402, 556 overthrown, 361, 450 overturn, 450 Ovid, 494 Owen, 342 Owens, 526 Owing, 440 owner, 110, 118, 185, 239, 256, 276, 352, 437, 444, 497, 558 owners, 68, 392, 441, 519 ownership, 308, 432 owning, 445 Ox, 517 Ox Team, 517 oxcarts, 284 oxen, 112 Oxford, 297, 538, 554 P Pacific, 431 Packard, 409 Packet, 427 pagan, 442 Page, John E. (LDS apostle): John E. Page was pastor of the LDS congregation (msp. Stake) at Pittsburgh, 104 he published virulent early anti-Spalding tract (see biblio.), 156, 433 n.32, 435 n.45, 463 n.37, 465 n.55, 467 n.63, 548 n.96 Carvil Rigdon and Peter Boyer supplied a statement to John E. Page in 1843, 462 n.31 He appears to have made no effort to contact R. and J. Patterson while in Pittsburgh, 478 n.18 Page: Thomas B. Page witnessed 1885 statement by W. A. Lillie, 324 Hiram Page went to Canada in 1830 and attempted to sell the BoM copyright, 380 Hiram Page claimed to be receiving divine revelations through his own seer stone, 382 Hiram Page was one of the �eight witnesses� to the authenticity of the BoM, 447 n.33 ,, page, 2, 8, 56, 62, 66, 69, 80, 89, 90, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 108, 113, 117, 124, 125, 129, 146, 164, 167, 194, 250, 300, 301, 304, 348, 352, 366, 379, 386, 388, 396, 397, 398, 433, 443, 447, 448, 455, 456, 457, 461, 462, 464, 465, 466, 472, 480, 485, 489, 500, 505, 511, 517, 541 pages, 42, 48, 61, 69, 83, 88, 89, 92, 93, 94, 96, 97, 149, 164, 191, 195, 196, 232, 233, 234, 237, 250, 279, 280, 281, 299, 300, 301, 307, 322, 333, 341, 347, 369, 377, 378, 379, 383, 443, 449, 454, 455, 456, 466, 467, 485, 486, 487, 497, 501, 502, 506, 530, 541 paid, 57, 152, 174, 183, 200, 220, 222, 232, 266, 274, 278, 294, 296, 323, 376, 451, 458, 510, 518, 526 Paine, 4, 213, 247, 438, 451, 456, 494, 508 Painesville, 39, 43, 44, 51, 53, 58, 59, 60, 69, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 77, 161, 200, 314, 337, 338, 339, 340, 341, 342, 345, 365, 382, 437, 438, 444, 447, 448, 451, 452, 478, 482, 489, 491, 493, 497, 499, 508, 536, 543, 548, 553 Painsville, 294, 327 paint, 126, 155, 318 painted, 67, 308, 364, 471, 530 painting, 72, 73, 352, 520 Palestine, 84 Palladium, 251, 513 Palmer, 261, 493, 509, 513 palmistry, 219 Palmyra, 13, 23, 29, 53, 55, 57, 101, 157, 160, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 185, 186, 188, 191, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 207, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 228, 231, 233, 234, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 247, 254, 255, 257, 258, 259, 276, 288, 289, 290, 292, 294, 296, 297, 298, 300, 301, 304, 306, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324, 326, 327, 331, 344, 346, 348, 349, 351, 357, 371, 372, 373, 375, 376, 377, 378, 381, 384, 385, 397, 404, 415, 418, 419, 421, 423, 425, 426, 427, 428, 442, 480, 484, 485, 486, 487, 491, 492, 497, 498, 499, 502, 504, 518, 522, 524, 528, 538, 539, 540, 543, 546, 548, 549, 550 Palmyra-area, 179, 491 Palmyra-Manchester, 425 Palmyra (NY) Freeman (see biblio.): Lyman Cowdery elected constable at Arcadia, ref: Palmyra Freeman, Apr. 14, 1829, 524 n.130 very early article on JS and the Golden Bible, ref: Palmyra Freeman, Aug. 11, 1829, 543 n.17 pamphlet, 158, 243, 254, 256, 257, 402, 463, 474, 512, 521, 552 pamphlets, 45, 79, 226, 228, 246, 248, 255, 259, 281 Panama, 50, 87 Pancoast, 447, 481 panic, 432 paper, 4, 55, 66, 77, 78, 86, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 110, 111, 112, 114, 116, 117, 125, 157, 160, 163, 187, 191, 201, 226, 239, 240, 242, 247, 249, 254, 259, 263, 278, 279, 298, 377, 378, 393, 437, 454, 455, 456, 467, 468, 470, 479, 504, 505, 506, 508, 510, 511, 512, 515, 516, 517, 518, 527, 551 Paper, 119, 399, 518 papers, 61, 63, 77, 78, 80, 91, 96, 123, 149, 152, 255, 260, 280, 315, 332, 358, 396, 429, 447, 466, 467, 478, 490, 525, 528, 533, 537, 540, 543, 546, 550 papyri, 442 papyrus, 58, 188, 360 Papyrus, 552 parallels, 65, 86, 270, 387, 453, 525 paraphrase, 487 paraphrased, 363 parcels, 26, 405, 412, 557 parchment, 37, 60, 383, 444, 478 pardoned, 465 parenthetical, 481 parents, 92, 93, 100, 111, 204, 217, 246, 291, 313, 323, 374, 377, 433, 453, 457, 468, 496 Parfitt, 500 Park, 147, 464, 467, 477 Parker, 57, 204, 339, 345 Parkin, 506 Parks, 218, 237, 242, 257, 493, 497, 498, 501, 503 Parley, 57, 204, 205, 206, 331, 342, 345, 360, 382, 436, 442, 467, 491, 547, 551 Parliament, 92 Parma, 498 Parmelee, 321 parson, 198, 202, 326 Parsons, 493 partner, 26, 51, 119, 121, 139, 175, 251, 252, 254, 257, 260, 263, 268, 271, 278, 307, 354, 384, 386, 402, 432, 459, 463, 475, 508, 515, 522 partners, 66, 86, 269, 274, 283, 474, 512 partnership, 28, 75, 102, 103, 119, 141, 145, 154, 188, 252, 258, 432, 463, 469, 470, 474, 505, 515, 519 Partridge, 325, 382, 513 pass, 14, 27, 40, 41, 45, 91, 123, 124, 205, 209, 219, 287, 315, 331, 344, 361, 432, 441, 444 Pass, 27, 89 passage, 90, 123, 126, 144, 191, 225, 359, 427, 432, 475 passages, 28, 40, 44, 45, 48, 90, 123, 126, 199, 433 passenger, 191, 427 passengers, 426 Past, 429 pastime, 518 pastor, 25, 28, 100, 101, 104, 119, 152, 153, 172, 225, 312, 328, 334, 429, 431, 458, 459, 464, 465, 467, 468, 471, 472, 475, 476, 478, 540 pastoral, 157, 460 pastorate, 172, 337, 469, 482 pastors, 100 patent, 386 paternal, 513 pathological, 170 Patience, 411, 514 patient, 401, 513, 552 patients, 223, 226, 252, 266, 413, 487, 494, 496, 502, 513 patriarch, 217 Patriarchal, 514, 551 Patriot, 228, 246, 256, 257, 258, 259, 261, 264, 279, 403, 439, 443, 495, 504, 506, 507, 508, 512, 516, 518, 522 patriotic, 241, 243 Patterson, 27, 88, 90, 103, 104, 105, 106, 108, 110, 111, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 130, 133, 134, 135, 137, 143, 144, 145, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 156, 158, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 175, 176, 352, 357, 402, 455, 463, 464, 465, 468, 469, 470, 471, 472, 474, 476, 477, 478, 479, 480, 543, 546, 547 Pattersons, 28, 58, 70, 78, 80, 83, 89, 90, 105, 120, 121, 122, 133, 135, 138, 139, 144, 147, 148, 163, 168, 175, 176, 197, 339, 352, 353, 357, 361, 465, 469, 471 Patterson's, 104, 119, 120, 122, 125, 127, 128, 135, 143, 149, 150, 151, 152, 165, 166, 469, 479 Pattersons', 28, 58, 105, 120, 121, 133, 135, 138, 139, 144, 148, 175, 176, 197, 339, 352, 353, 357, 361, 465, 469 Patton, 475 Paul, 11, 12, 184, 237, 493, 497, 503 Pauley, 285, 413, 535 Pavilian, 420 Pavilion, 410, 418, 419, 420, 496 Pawlet, 411, 514, 527 pawn, 364 Payne, 213, 365, 439 Paynsville, 328 peace, 4, 10, 25, 70, 72, 112, 188, 253, 254, 345, 435, 443, 450, 473, 516, 533, 553 Peace, 321, 325, 434, 472, 534, 535 Pearce, 212, 214, 492 Pearl, 177, 188, 381, 445, 483, 484, 552 Pearne, 324, 325, 334 Pearns, 325 pebble, 240 peccadillo, 555 peccadilloes, 36, 436 Peck, 265, 496, 516, 517, 519, 524 Peck's, 265 peddle, 97, 147 peddled, 226 peddler, 160, 226, 227, 230, 256, 385, 404, 423, 441, 491 peddling, 227, 228, 259 pedestrian, 160, 226, 228, 246, 283, 385, 423 pedlar, 199, 243, 244, 246, 257 pedling, 200, 304 peek, 183, 184, 186, 187, 188, 189, 400, 486 Peeker, 185, 399, 486 peeking, 183 peek-stone, 183, 184, 186, 187, 188, 189 peep, 86, 218, 222, 318, 320 peeped, 202 peep-stone, 86, 218 Peepstone, 322 Pelton, 286, 289, 535 pen, 69, 163, 241, 262, 369 Pen, 458 penned, 51, 92, 93, 210, 353, 363, 435, 447, 538 Pencil, 458 Pendleton, 267 penetrate, 446 Penn, 31, 34, 58, 120, 211, 293, 301, 302, 397 Penn., 31, 58, 211 PA, 102, 103, 127, 353, 374, 432, 433, 438, 444, 455, 471, 472, 473, 474, 476, 485, 522 Pa., 45, 52, 84, 91, 108, 123, 124, 128, 152, 156, 161, 333, 372, 374, 377, 380, 381, 401, 402, 426, 427, 433, 437, 438, 444, 454, 455, 457, 458, 460, 461, 463, 468, 469, 471, 472, 473, 474, 475, 476, 502, 522, 535, 539 Pennsylvania, 4, 25, 26, 28, 34, 36, 37, 38, 40, 41, 48, 58, 64, 68, 72, 73, 80, 82, 84, 85, 89, 99, 101, 104, 131, 132, 133, 137, 152, 153, 168, 175, 181, 183, 232, 233, 250, 262, 284, 285, 288, 293, 297, 300, 306, 312, 319, 324, 330, 335, 347, 355, 356, 374, 396, 401, 407, 419, 426, 430, 433, 437, 438, 439, 455, 458, 459, 462, 463, 464, 465, 468, 469, 470, 472, 473, 474, 475, 477, 482, 492, 496, 502, 506, 521, 543, 554, 555 Pennsylvanian, 450 Pension, 413, 415, 474 Pensylvany, 501 Pentland, 470, 475 people, 4, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 18, 23, 27, 29, 33, 35, 36, 37, 41, 42, 45, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 53, 54, 82, 86, 89, 107, 112, 114, 115, 119, 121, 135, 136, 137, 140, 143, 144, 157, 162, 168, 170, 171, 174, 175, 178, 179, 181, 183, 195, 198, 200, 202, 205, 206, 213, 219, 222, 227, 235, 242, 244, 246, 262, 275, 276, 287, 288, 289, 296, 302, 310, 324, 341, 343, 344, 349, 359, 360, 362, 363, 367, 384, 386, 389, 390, 392, 415, 430, 434, 445, 446, 453, 456, 460, 471, 475, 489, 494, 501, 504, 510, 524, 532, 541, 545, 548, 557 Peoria, 440 Perch, 190 Perfections, 430 period, 28, 49, 52, 72, 81, 89, 95, 101, 103, 104, 105, 110, 119, 120, 135, 137, 138, 139, 142, 145, 152, 154, 176, 199, 209, 211, 212, 216, 222, 237, 242, 244, 252, 253, 254, 258, 262, 263, 264, 266, 278, 279, 290, 292, 293, 300, 308, 309, 316, 329, 340, 344, 349, 375, 405, 425, 435, 436, 438, 449, 454, 467, 468, 469, 470, 474, 484, 495, 499, 510, 512, 521, 523, 524, 537, 541, 544, 545 periodical, 451 periods, 25, 346, 422 Perne, 325, 333, 348 perpetrated, 17, 356, 556 Perry, 46, 133, 342, 343, 439 Perrysville, 426 persecuted, 500 persecution, 190 Persecution, 459, 483, 552 persecutors, 111, 112, 541 personage, 179, 501 Persuitte, 464, 540 Peter, James and John (biblical disciples; early Christian leaders): According to D. Michael Quinn, PJ&J restored higher priesthood ca. July 6, 1830, 330, 546 n.50 Peter: Peter Boyer, S. Rigdon�s brother-in-law, provided a statement in 1843, 104, 462 n.31 Peter Ingersoll gave statement to D. P. Hurlbut, against JS, in 1833, 169, 322, 482 n.1, 539 n.53, 545 n.30 Peter Whitmer, Jr. (BoM witness) went on mission with O. Cowdery in 1830, 204, 447 n.33 Peter Tower employed Wm. Morgan as a clerk, in NY, in 1818, 267 B. Franklin Cowdery�s newspaper pub. seven miles from Peter Whitmer, Sr. farm, 296 Lorenzo Saunders said he saw S. Rigdon and Pterer Ingersoll together in 1827, in NY, 318-9, 347 Peter Ingersoll helped move Emma Hale Smith�s furniture to Manchester, NY, in 1827, 376 Peter Bauder visited JS and learned of his plans for new Bible version, in 1830, 382 Peter Crosman, relative of O. Cowdery, d. 1846, in NY, 420 Peter King, Sr. and family move to Conneaut, OH, in 1799, 434 n.37, Peter Besancon, Jr. (early NY newsman), 505 n.21 Peters: Christina Peters md. John Cowdery, in NY, in 1817, 217, 412 Absolom Peters (Am. Home Missionary Soc.), 331-2 Platt & Peters (pub. See biblio.), 471 n.85, 492 n.1 Peter's Creek, Washington Co., PA: S. Rigdon became a member of the Peter�s Creek, PA Baptist Church in 1818, 100 S. Rigdon gave a false profession of conversion to join Peter�s Creek Church, 172 Rev. David Philips buried in Peter's Creek Cem., Allegheny Co., PA, in 1829, 458 n.9 Rev. John Winter was pastor of Peter�s Creek Church in 1825, 478 n.13 Peterson, Ziba (early LDS missionary), 204 petition, 218, 268, 335, 336, 406, 416, 462, 475, 526, 527 pettifog, 533 pettifogger, 301, 524, 533 pettifoggers, 533 Pettit, 458 Phebe, 174, 212, 336, 435, 459, 483, 515 Phelps, 198, 248, 258, 430, 443, 485, 490, 503, 504, 506, 509, 513, 517, 520, 521, 536, 537, 539, 540, 546 phenomenon, 187 Pheobe, 460 Philadelphia, 121, 165, 249, 399, 400, 431, 432, 433, 438, 445, 460, 463, 464, 465, 469, 470, 471, 473, 475, 477, 479, 482, 483, 484, 486, 488, 492, 498, 502, 506, 510, 511, 513, 534, 543 Philalethes, 526 Philaster, 108 Philastus, 30, 31, 57, 77, 109, 110, 196, 466 Philips, 100, 172, 458, 459, 535 Phillip, 237, 492, 503, 540 Phillips, 476 Philomath, 393 philoprogenitiveness, 36 Philoprogenitiveness, 436 philosophical, 131, 303, 304 Philosophical, 97, 445 philosophy, 82, 212 Philosophy, 430 Phineas, 265, 490, 492, 494, 502, 523, 531, 551 Phinehas, 494 Phoebe, 101, 162, 341, 360, 459, 472 Pheobe, 460 Phoenician, 384 Phoenix, 198 Phosphorous, 393 photo, 19, 479 photographs, 21 Phyllis, 60 physician, 13, 33, 111, 170, 214, 217, 219, 223, 226, 373, 401, 413, 438, 472, 500, 514, 543 physicians, 472 physics, 196 physiognomy, 396 physique, 520 Pickway, 417 Pierce, 494 Pilgrim, 540 pilgrims, 398 pillar, 393 Pilot, 427 Piney, 457 pioneer, 26, 66, 67, 224, 226, 237, 241, 243, 250, 251, 256, 390, 438, 472, 473, 496, 512, 517, 535, 557 Pioneer, 389, 446, 447, 451, 461, 465, 470, 485, 496, 503, 505, 506, 507, 508, 513, 517, 518, 522, 536, 556 Pioneers, 544 pious, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 168, 172, 479, 532 Pirates, 511 pistol, 72, 488 Pittsburg, 82, 121, 125, 126, 127, 130, 134, 353, 354 Pittsburgh, 20, 27, 28, 30, 32, 40, 42, 43, 45, 49, 58, 68, 70, 71, 83, 84, 85, 86, 90, 91, 93, 97, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 108, 110, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 124, 125, 126, 133, 134, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 147, 148, 151, 152, 154, 156, 158, 159, 160, 161, 163, 164, 165, 166, 175, 176, 197, 225, 230, 245, 325, 334, 335, 336, 339, 352, 357, 384, 427, 433, 434, 439, 453, 455, 459, 460, 461, 462, 463, 464, 465, 467, 468, 469, 470, 472, 474, 475, 476, 477, 478, 479, 480, 483, 525, 547, 548, 549, 554 Pittsburgh's, 27, 28, 175, 325, 352, 467, 470, 475 Pittsford, 494 Pittstown, 241 pity, 189, 260, 523 plain, 169, 328, 394, 430, 464, 501 Plain, 466 Plainfield, 25, 422, 456 plan, 35, 57, 60, 61, 63, 74, 79, 85, 160, 169, 186, 196, 206, 224, 231, 273, 274, 293, 301, 307, 308, 313, 358, 386, 389, 526, 532 plans, 72, 206, 230, 239, 279, 407, 447, 522 planning, 26, 297, 339, 526 Plano, 463, 509, 551 Plat, 535 plate, 43, 65, 301, 320 plates, 23, 24, 62, 65, 155, 178, 180, 183, 185, 186, 187, 198, 202, 232, 233, 240, 241, 249, 263, 295, 296, 297, 298, 302, 303, 305, 306, 307, 310, 311, 320, 321, 322, 323, 327, 351, 354, 355, 376, 377, 379, 380, 399, 400, 417, 486, 488, 491, 500, 506, 510, 523, 538, 542 platform, 524 Platt, 97, 471, 492 plausible, 37, 90, 140, 167, 281, 369, 442 played, 209, 210, 235, 269, 322, 323, 362, 367, 478, 490, 509, 551 plea, 35, 258, 390, 502 plead, 397 Pleas, 33, 59, 70, 396, 434, 448, 516 Pleasant, 344 plight, 431 Pliny, 322, 492, 546 plot, 28, 81, 83, 86, 88, 198, 201, 203, 221, 272, 285, 469, 488 plural, 87, 277, 358 PMG Letter Book 'R', 475 pneumonia, 513 Pocus, 393 poems, 473 poet, 267, 430 poetry, 468 Point, 254, 266, 512, 524 point-by-point, 450 poisoned, 539 poisonous, 478 Polk, 390 Polly, 284, 422 polygamist, 471, 490, 544 polygamous, 154, 277, 361, 478 Polygamy, 550 Pomeroy, 57, 180, 191, 241, 242, 244, 322, 333, 347, 471, 490, 499, 503, 504, 515, 537, 546, 558 Pomfret, 25, 431, 451 Pond, 190 ponderous, 541 Pool, 517 poor, 27, 53, 91, 109, 124, 133, 142, 162, 168, 211, 242, 253, 259, 260, 263, 265, 291, 306, 318, 320, 354, 444, 481, 504, 519, 532 poorly, 241, 325, 348 Popish, 18 popular, 171, 264, 287, 312, 430, 535 Popular, 486 population, 495, 508, 516, 534, 557 Port, 503 Porter, 318, 485, 546 portrait, 93, 181, 192, 364, 464 Portrait, 393, 436, 459, 477, 482, 492, 543, 549 Portraits, 478, 479, 483, 532, 543, 544, 546, 549 portray, 101, 269, 470 portrays, 510 post, 91, 132, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 142, 176, 242, 243, 302, 339, 352, 372, 375, 410, 415, 416, 423, 455, 473, 474, 475, 476, 481, 492, 499, 535, 537, 540, 549, 551 Post, 136, 139, 399, 434, 469, 474, 475, 498, 518 postage, 91 postal, 138, 214 posterity, 14, 30, 273, 360, 367 posthumous, 526 posthumously, 281, 498, 524, 525 postmarked, 73, 253, 303, 337, 482 postmaster, 131, 134, 136, 266, 278, 432, 444, 473, 474, 475, 513 Postmasters, 475 postmistress, 176, 474 post-office, 134, 474, 551 postscript, 379, 450 Potsdam, 495 Potter, 500 Poultney, 209, 210, 217, 218, 220, 228, 385, 411, 493, 514, 518, 527, 540 Poultney/Wells/Middletown, 217 Poultneyville, 499 poverty, 144, 161, 162, 390, 488 powder, 265, 272, 274, 463 practice, 65, 223, 226, 229, 242, 252, 259, 266, 271, 367, 413, 441, 461, 466, 495, 507, 511, 514 practiced, 97, 183, 457, 469, 471, 499, 514, 524 practices, 13, 50, 211, 489, 511 practicing, 214, 217, 223, 224, 251, 487, 528 Practicing, 367 practised, 533 practitioner, 220, 355, 509 Pratt, 18, 57, 113, 155, 156, 167, 204, 205, 206, 207, 220, 221, 276, 331, 332, 342, 344, 345, 360, 361, 382, 390, 430, 436, 442, 465, 466, 467, 479, 491, 499, 531, 532, 542, 547, 548, 551, 552 Pratts, 358 Pray, 489 prayed, 178, 189, 364 prayer, 70, 201, 234, 398 prayers, 189, 448 praying, 372 prays, 375 preach, 14, 25, 35, 58, 68, 71, 100, 101, 103, 110, 118, 123, 130, 171, 206, 286, 287, 310, 313, 319, 320, 321, 330, 331, 342, 349, 382, 425, 449, 459, 460, 462, 468, 491, 529 preached, 13, 33, 38, 62, 68, 100, 120, 123, 153, 171, 285, 286, 287, 289, 311, 313, 328, 329, 330, 344, 356, 385, 460, 478, 482, 533, 535 preacher, 28, 52, 63, 67, 101, 108, 110, 111, 117, 118, 120, 125, 135, 137, 190, 199, 201, 202, 205, 257, 258, 294, 312, 323, 331, 336, 344, 345, 354, 394, 431, 438, 462, 465, 478, 519 preachers, 111, 190, 286, 428, 462, 465 preaches, 330, 331, 334, 335, 336, 338, 343, 344, 345 preaching, 13, 36, 38, 105, 110, 123, 135, 151, 153, 204, 205, 230, 286, 311, 313, 319, 327, 338, 382, 426, 431, 459, 462, 491, 499, 544 pre-anointed, 169 preceptor, 464 Precis, 555 pre-Columbian, 17 preface, 80, 108, 124, 163, 164, 335, 352, 483 Preface, 5, 13, 539 pregnant, 214, 318, 480, 496 prehistoric, 445 prejudice, 33, 48, 201 preliminary, 43, 69, 439, 453, 522, 523, 537, 538, 539, 540 Preliminary, 378, 491, 503, 506, 536, 542 premature, 195 pre-millennial, 15 premises, 182, 186, 323, 393 pre-Mormon, 53, 172, 263 preoccupied, 312 preparation, 93, 192, 223, 229, 396 prepare, 50, 178, 248, 295, 378 prepared, 14, 80, 107, 116, 126, 144, 199, 302, 352, 359, 401, 446, 505, 545 Presbyterian, 25, 52, 104, 110, 118, 120, 152, 156, 178, 180, 251, 285, 318, 323, 329, 335, 373, 378, 381, 431, 450, 468, 469, 471, 472, 473, 474, 477, 480, 484, 513, 535 Presbyterianism, 469 Presbyterians, 285, 398, 477, 484, 538 Presbytery, 157, 468, 469, 480, 484 preside, 272, 436, 544 presided, 205, 395, 531 Presidency, 32, 370, 532 president, 78, 198, 249, 358, 431, 434, 478, 511, 531, 535, 546 President, 13, 14, 35, 44, 154, 192, 387, 431, 441, 447, 465, 472, 498, 500, 508, 531, 543 Presidents, 507, 508 Presiding, 497, 520 press, 51, 192, 203, 226, 227, 228, 239, 241, 247, 248, 249, 254, 256, 257, 279, 325, 326, 333, 348, 465, 490, 504, 507, 509, 510, 511, 516, 517, 518, 520, 524, 531 Press, 159, 440, 443, 455, 463, 466, 468, 474, 478, 482, 487, 488, 489, 497, 499, 504, 505, 507, 508, 510, 511, 513, 516, 517, 519, 521, 522, 526, 531, 536, 538, 543, 550, 554 pressman's, 520 Preston, 510, 531, 551 pretend, 95, 222, 318 pretended, 58, 130, 155, 205, 219, 222, 241, 283, 301, 307, 320, 322 pretending, 110, 395 Prevail, 460, 461, 547 prevarication, 168, 355 Price, 177, 188, 381, 445, 483, 484, 552 priest, 37, 112, 434 Priest, 33, 116, 276, 467, 529, 531, 544, 545 Priestcraft, 511 priesthood, 183, 378 Priesthood, 330, 527 priests, 35, 84, 172, 173, 500 Priests, 35, 161, 288 primitive, 179, 182, 239, 259, 390, 506 Prince, 219 Princeton, 489, 537 principal, 25, 27, 41, 45, 46, 74, 109, 122, 148, 165, 174, 177, 181, 191, 247, 250, 269, 271, 360, 364, 379, 431, 457, 470, 507, 515, 518, 544, 551 print, 28, 30, 43, 60, 62, 65, 85, 99, 103, 109, 115, 119, 122, 144, 154, 157, 160, 161, 175, 196, 197, 198, 203, 226, 228, 229, 230, 231, 233, 237, 241, 242, 243, 246, 247, 249, 250, 252, 255, 261, 267, 268, 269, 279, 298, 314, 348, 379, 385, 456, 466, 467, 485, 506, 507, 508, 509 printed, 40, 42, 44, 45, 64, 69, 104, 114, 116, 125, 126, 140, 157, 161, 167, 191, 202, 226, 254, 255, 256, 259, 279, 363, 380, 386, 398, 443, 450, 451, 465, 467, 473, 495, 503, 504, 507, 511, 512, 513, 515 printer, 104, 105, 120, 121, 126, 127, 135, 138, 149, 152, 161, 203, 225, 226, 230, 237, 239, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 250, 251, 253, 256, 258, 259, 266, 271, 279, 339, 352, 357, 368, 379, 380, 385, 463, 470, 478, 490, 496, 504, 505, 509, 512, 513, 517, 518, 519, 525, 539, 541 printers, 91, 152, 192, 230, 250, 255, 258, 259, 379, 507, 511, 520 printer's, 152, 237, 239, 250, 385, 541 Printer's, 280 printing, 77, 105, 106, 108, 110, 118, 119, 120, 122, 126, 127, 130, 133, 135, 138, 139, 143, 144, 145, 149, 154, 157, 158, 160, 161, 166, 191, 192, 224, 226, 227, 228, 230, 240, 244, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 254, 255, 256, 257, 258, 259, 266, 278, 279, 308, 317, 380, 381, 385, 437, 443, 455, 474, 478, 504, 506, 519, 520, 531, 541, 542, 544 printing-office, 119, 127, 154, 266 Priscilla, 451, 456, 527 prison, 302, 382 prisoner, 530 private, 25, 62, 63, 66, 153, 157, 170, 217, 315, 386, 432, 450, 461, 473, 529 privately, 402, 454, 479 privilege, 35, 121, 205, 250, 304, 491, 531 privy, 235, 303, 449 probate, 469, 495 problem, 28, 94, 105, 138, 144, 179, 207, 356, 402, 411, 454, 486, 487 process, 23, 24, 26, 39, 63, 71, 86, 95, 139, 141, 172, 175, 178, 187, 191, 197, 203, 216, 225, 227, 228, 232, 233, 234, 247, 250, 256, 277, 296, 299, 300, 301, 306, 316, 317, 326, 358, 364, 368, 377, 378, 379, 394, 399, 404, 465, 487, 491 Procured, 398 Prof., 368, 471, 505, 521, 538 profaning, 475 profession, 54, 111, 123, 172, 178, 182, 234, 255, 298, 304, 499 Profession, 487 Professor, 187, 198, 431, 550, 552 Professor Sexias, 552 Professors, 311 Progenitors, 211, 484 Progress, 180, 244, 464, 471, 484, 485, 490, 492, 499, 502, 504, 507, 537, 539, 546 Prometheus, 445 pro-Mormon, 17, 28, 29, 31, 34, 46, 48, 49, 53, 65, 74, 75, 90, 135, 138, 139, 141, 151, 153, 155, 195, 207, 210, 287, 305, 311, 314, 355, 356, 368, 369, 404, 450, 478, 494, 504 proof, 106, 135, 137, 138, 139, 140, 191, 246, 250, 260, 353, 367, 396, 444, 453, 549, 550 proofread, 453 proofreader, 317, 544 proofs, 398, 446 propaganda, 162, 478 Propagators, 437 Proper, 318, 543 property, 72, 110, 118, 129, 174, 182, 188, 189, 190, 234, 238, 241, 302, 320, 323, 371, 372, 375, 452, 458, 461, 463, 466, 470, 477, 480, 481, 497, 510, 523, 530, 537, 542, 557, 558 prophecies, 193, 241, 313, 354, 483, 503, 544 prophecy, 13, 14, 52, 239, 314, 315, 316, 361, 392 prophesied, 13, 520 prophet, 13, 36, 47, 71, 75, 162, 177, 180, 181, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 193, 219, 225, 238, 290, 323, 324, 364, 365, 454, 482, 515 Prophet, 13, 15, 17, 34, 44, 85, 155, 160, 177, 182, 192, 196, 198, 204, 211, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 243, 276, 277, 306, 351, 356, 365, 375, 400, 430, 434, 448, 483, 484, 486, 501, 503, 506, 510, 520, 526, 530, 536, 537, 541, 542, 545, 552 prophets, 9, 84, 172, 173, 242, 354 proprietor, 191, 197, 348, 379, 439, 464, 508, 515 proprietors, 412 Proprietors, 520 proprietorship, 505 prosecute, 399, 486 prosecuted, 475 prosecution prosecutor's, 273 proselyte, 502 proselytizing, 166, 205 pro-Spalding, 29 prospectus, 256, 279, 504 Protestant, 13, 14, 18, 511, 550 Protestantism, 16 protracted, 129, 341, 342, 397 Providence, 14, 100, 153, 230, 238, 441, 458 Provo, 159, 501, 549 proximity, 473 proxy, 277, 532 Prudence, 105 pseudonym, 492, 543 psychological, 170 psychosis, 170 Pub., 1, 431, 474 public, 15, 31, 33, 37, 43, 44, 57, 58, 63, 67, 80, 104, 106, 109, 110, 113, 121, 123, 127, 129, 134, 139, 149, 151, 165, 170, 171, 180, 201, 206, 223, 232, 242, 246, 266, 268, 277, 315, 322, 358, 360, 361, 367, 381, 383, 428, 439, 444, 448, 449, 468, 475, 481, 520, 555 publication, 4, 23, 28, 44, 63, 71, 73, 74, 75, 81, 89, 97, 106, 109, 124, 126, 129, 131, 136, 137, 143, 144, 147, 149, 152, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167, 175, 177, 178, 179, 181, 195, 196, 203, 231, 241, 243, 248, 254, 255, 256, 258, 270, 281, 298, 314, 357, 368, 387, 405, 425, 448, 453, 465, 504, 507, 509, 510, 520, 539, 549, 555 publications, 178, 255, 471 Publications, 466, 475, 489 public-house, 127, 134 publicity, 128, 386 publick, 391 publish, 18, 75, 91, 108, 113, 123, 124, 125, 147, 149, 152, 154, 156, 163, 164, 176, 231, 232, 240, 279, 348, 352, 360, 379, 466, 470, 520 published, 15, 17, 18, 24, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 35, 43, 44, 45, 51, 52, 57, 69, 71, 74, 75, 77, 78, 86, 96, 99, 102, 103, 104, 114, 116, 117, 119, 124, 129, 130, 136, 142, 154, 156, 160, 164, 166, 173, 174, 177, 178, 181, 188, 191, 202, 205, 210, 227, 229, 232, 245, 247, 248, 254, 258, 259, 261, 262, 281, 296, 300, 309, 310, 312, 321, 322, 324, 335, 344, 348, 349, 351, 357, 368, 369, 371, 387, 393, 401, 402, 432, 435, 436, 439, 441, 442, 445, 450, 451, 453, 458, 459, 461, 465, 466, 468, 469, 470, 471, 473, 474, 475, 476, 479, 481, 485, 486, 489, 491, 495, 503, 504, 505, 511, 512, 516, 517, 519, 525, 526, 537, 538, 542, 543, 546, 556 publisher, 58, 90, 247, 249, 268, 281, 317, 348, 352, 379, 504 Publisher, 482, 525, 534 publisher's, 352 Publishers, 4, 442, 453, 471 publishes, 375, 379 publishing, 27, 74, 85, 89, 113, 119, 120, 124, 126, 143, 147, 148, 149, 150, 164, 175, 189, 224, 225, 226, 248, 249, 251, 252, 256, 268, 269, 278, 317, 352, 358, 380, 390, 401, 450, 465, 467, 468, 469, 470, 474, 517 pubs., 505 Pukei, Book of (see lit. index) pulpit, 170, 331, 431, 460 Pultney Land Co.: Col. John Cowdry had ties to Charles Williamson, agent of the Pultney Land Co., 217 punctuation, 191, 439 pupil, 434, 458, 474 Purchase, 241, 484, 485, 503, 505, 517, 536, 556 purchased, 42, 216, 233, 245, 249, 260, 403, 413, 416, 472, 475, 505, 508, 512, 517, 535 purchaser, 507 purchasers, 26, 556 purchasing, 26, 432 purloining, 401, 466 Purnee, 325 purported, 45, 46, 50, 78, 85, 91, 124, 125, 295, 357, 362, 369, 385, 533 purportedly, 40, 402 purporting, 43, 48, 60, 84, 152, 401, 543 pursuing, 453 pursuit, 57, 262, 278, 477 Q Quaker, 308, 374, 523 qualifications, 127, 360 Quarter, 467 Quarterly, 519 quarters, 120, 148, 517 queer, 327 Quest, 114, 115, 443 questionable, 32, 53, 73, 178, 368, 433 Quests, 498, 508, 521, 523, 538 Quincy, 13, 113, 114, 466, 467, 476 Quinn, 491, 493, 494, 498, 502, 509, 510, 522, 526, 527, 528, 531, 536, 538, 539, 544, 546, 553 Quorum, 156, 514 quotation, 155, 369, 483, 501, 530 quotations, 4, 506 quote, 202, 476, 537 quotes, 359, 448 quoting, 464, 505, 554 R Raccoon, 469 Rachel, 52, 53, 80, 105, 463 Racine, 511 Rahm, Martin: R. Patterson�s creditors in 1823 included Martin Rahm of Pittsburgh, 470 Rainbow, 497, 528 Ramage, 239, 517 Randall, 537 Randolph, 527 Rangdon (see Rigdon) Ransom, 246 Raphael, 136 Rapids, 429 rascals, 57, 436 Rathbun, 435, 450 Ravenna, 171, 503, 552, 555 read, 15, 18, 24, 25, 37, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 47, 48, 49, 51, 52, 58, 62, 63, 65, 68, 79, 80, 83, 84, 89, 91, 93, 97, 99, 100, 107, 108, 111, 113, 114, 115, 117, 118, 121, 123, 124, 126, 127, 129, 130, 149, 151, 152, 154, 157, 158, 163, 164, 183, 188, 200, 202, 205, 222, 226, 240, 245, 250, 260, 265, 294, 313, 317, 319, 320, 324, 339, 383, 392, 397, 434, 435, 438, 440, 442, 444, 449, 450, 451, 458, 465, 481, 487, 493, 505, 506, 549, 550, 551, 555 readability, 396 reader, 12, 29, 90, 135, 245, 281, 367, 437, 481, 543, 554 readers, 78, 119, 167, 191, 199, 203, 310, 369, 371, 452, 515 reading, 42, 43, 44, 46, 52, 62, 65, 74, 79, 83, 91, 96, 97, 99, 100, 119, 123, 124, 129, 163, 175, 191, 205, 232, 245, 314, 401, 449, 452, 466, 543 Reading, 217, 317, 319, 320, 321, 405, 550 reads, 62, 114, 198, 265, 405, 456, 462, 466, 470, 496, 506, 510, 541, 542, 552 Reaffirmations, 531, 551 Really, 1, 3, 9, 10, 12, 15, 402, 479 reappearance, 322, 347 reappeared, 261, 352 rearranged, 332 re-arrested, 266, 381, 395 reason, 10, 11, 18, 33, 34, 37, 39, 49, 50, 51, 54, 59, 81, 94, 95, 111, 113, 117, 118, 122, 126, 143, 145, 153, 155, 159, 167, 171, 203, 225, 244, 253, 257, 270, 276, 289, 299, 301, 306, 308, 315, 322, 328, 330, 331, 349, 352, 354, 355, 357, 358, 361, 390, 438, 445, 458, 464, 482, 497, 518, 527, 533 reasonable, 9, 10, 30, 41, 63, 74, 96, 120, 133, 141, 148, 215, 223, 249, 284, 288, 325, 342, 356, 367, 393, 426, 427, 448, 491, 499, 520, 526 reasoning, 25, 83, 334 reasons, 25, 54, 72, 106, 108, 134, 138, 154, 171, 253, 266, 293, 316, 356, 363, 484, 508 rebaptism, 358, 531, 532, 551 re-baptisms, 509 rebaptized, 358, 531 Rebecca, 134, 137, 176, 212, 214, 215, 260, 285, 410, 413, 474, 493, 497, 535 recall, 38, 68, 89, 91, 99, 119, 135, 138, 144, 150, 154, 158, 166, 181, 218, 384, 437, 452, 539, 545 recalled, 13, 38, 47, 49, 50, 79, 83, 87, 90, 91, 104, 127, 140, 162, 163, 166, 170, 172, 175, 176, 179, 220, 255, 279, 284, 295, 300, 305, 326, 348, 386, 395, 399, 407, 451, 452, 453, 502, 516, 537 recalling, 251, 403, 471 recalls, 91, 439, 444, 483, 490 receipt, 32, 294, 316, 376, 393, 433, 491 Receipts, 537 recitation, 47, 485 recites, 436 Recluse, 468 recognition, 61, 248, 449, 520 recognizance, 70, 72, 448 recognize, 61, 79, 247, 360 recognized, 59, 63, 107, 108, 152, 159, 166, 243, 261, 271, 356, 383, 438, 488, 489, 490, 502, 508, 551 recognizing, 223, 326, 523 recollect, 42, 45, 46, 68, 82, 107, 121, 123, 125, 129, 150, 321, 346 recollection, 34, 40, 41, 45, 105, 122, 124, 126, 127, 128, 133, 138, 139, 141, 144, 150, 156, 163, 164, 165, 218, 238, 305, 310, 311, 325, 437, 441, 454, 476, 498, 504 recollections, 30, 50, 88, 90, 121, 135, 138, 152, 163, 164, 238, 265, 311, 334, 437, 556 Recollections, 451, 549, 552 reconsider, 117, 531 reconstruct, 26, 334, 453 reconstructed, 368, 509, 533 reconstructing, 367 reconstruction, 141, 334, 426 recopy, 541 record, 17, 18, 23, 46, 48, 54, 85, 86, 106, 120, 132, 149, 170, 176, 178, 180, 215, 222, 227, 231, 232, 240, 280, 293, 294, 301, 308, 310, 311, 338, 340, 349, 353, 376, 407, 435, 445, 449, 459, 466, 520, 530, 539, 549 Record, 85, 227, 228, 229, 231, 232, 234, 289, 293, 295, 357, 358, 373, 374, 378, 387, 404, 411, 413, 435, 443, 445, 448, 457, 469, 481, 483, 485, 491, 501, 505, 510, 515, 532, 538, 552, 557, 558 recorded, 58, 66, 67, 90, 101, 121, 150, 165, 178, 179, 180, 185, 214, 216, 219, 237, 243, 253, 263, 264, 278, 284, 288, 303, 308, 338, 339, 340, 341, 342, 343, 344, 345, 357, 445, 453, 460, 465, 499, 523, 531, 540 recorder, 516 Recorder, 85, 106, 113, 114, 116, 225, 253, 254, 440, 464, 465, 466, 474, 505, 512, 516, 517, 531, 551 recording, 4, 50, 97, 273, 339, 340, 341, 342 records, 23, 26, 32, 47, 66, 85, 92, 119, 126, 132, 133, 151, 159, 162, 167, 178, 180, 181, 216, 223, 230, 241, 249, 252, 260, 270, 272, 287, 297, 325, 335, 338, 339, 342, 372, 373, 374, 378, 403, 406, 407, 411, 412, 413, 415, 416, 430, 431, 435, 439, 444, 448, 451, 452, 453, 458, 460, 461, 465, 469, 473, 474, 479, 480, 493, 494, 495, 496, 497, 500, 505, 507, 510, 513, 514, 521, 525, 527, 529, 531, 534, 535, 553, 556, 557 Records, 340, 401, 431, 458, 459, 461, 483, 484, 494, 499, 513, 534, 535, 547, 548, 557 recovered, 31, 107, 155, 202, 300, 377, 537 recuperating, 314 red, 120, 121, 123, 126, 143, 144, 151, 165, 166, 168, 176, 397, 445, 471, 504 red herring (deliberate distraction): planted by S. Rigdon in 1839 letter, 120, 121, 143, 144, 151, 165, 166, 168, 176 redacted, 263, 396 Reddick, 352 Redfield, 122, 471 red-handed, 397 Redick, 78, 90, 91, 122, 126, 127, 129, 134, 163, 164, 165, 176, 455, 471, 472, 480 rediscovery, 96, 452 Redstone, 153, 335, 460, 461, 469 Reed, 395, 472, 474, 515, 527, 550 Reexamined, 441, 451, 485, 491 Reexploring, 454 Refiner's, 219, 497, 498, 506, 514, 525, 526, 527, 528, 554 Refiner's Fire, 219, 497, 498, 506, 514, 525, 526, 527, 528, 554 reflect, 169, 196, 203, 250, 432, 454 reflected, 113, 355, 520 reflecting, 87, 490 reflection, 460 Reflections, 471, 473 Reflector, 218, 222, 492, 497, 498, 499, 502, 546 reflects, 82, 167, 452 reform, 103, 202, 335 reformed, 187, 355, 538 Reformer, 462, 482 Reformers, 538 refuge, 330, 377, 490 refugee, 498 Reg., 472 regeneration, 101, 461 regiment, 430 Regiment, 25, 472 region, 33, 108, 140, 183, 186, 191, 286, 315 Region, 437 Register, 239, 241, 426, 450, 482, 497, 498, 502, 503, 504, 523, 547, 555 Rehearsal, 402 Reid, 395, 464 re-interview, 355 relation, 26, 46, 62, 110, 163, 201, 202, 275, 315 relations, 67, 228, 253, 286, 356, 404, 405, 490 relationship, 103, 143, 144, 165, 175, 262, 277, 278, 279, 298, 361, 459, 478 relationships, 417 relative, 61, 105, 128, 304, 379, 395 Relative, 479, 483 relatively, 15, 92, 103, 166, 207, 242, 278, 384, 445, 545 relatives, 104, 131, 175, 197, 204, 216, 217, 223, 225, 230, 275, 284, 286, 356, 404, 407, 408, 413, 414, 416, 423, 430, 495, 497, 513, 518, 554 relevant, 160, 163, 462 reliability, 9, 153, 181, 540 reliable, 32, 126, 135, 138, 140, 174, 209, 242, 349, 462, 548 relic, 430, 488 relics, 84, 107, 127, 317 religion, 10, 11, 28, 33, 75, 130, 177, 179, 183, 199, 201, 251, 294, 304, 311, 312, 336, 358, 367, 429, 471, 485, 489, 490, 533 religionists, 500 Religions, 429 religious, 16, 17, 18, 28, 40, 42, 43, 45, 47, 52, 58, 66, 67, 68, 88, 114, 115, 131, 154, 160, 170, 171, 172, 177, 178, 180, 183, 186, 189, 193, 198, 199, 201, 202, 203, 212, 213, 226, 238, 239, 242, 304, 309, 325, 354, 364, 373, 383, 385, 392, 434, 464, 470, 478, 524, 532, 551 Religious Telescope, 451 remains, 18, 28, 33, 47, 59, 87, 90, 94, 96, 124, 133, 177, 193, 210, 215, 222, 246, 249, 250, 253, 255, 258, 271, 311, 352, 363, 368, 369, 374, 405, 406, 408, 437, 453, 467, 499, 518, 520, 527 remark, 59, 96, 128, 154, 188, 476, 554 remarkable, 96, 231, 271, 290, 386, 454, 489, 541 Remarkable, 544 remarked, 46, 96, 215, 277, 312 remarks, 14, 82, 312 remarried, 54, 469, 540 remember, 40, 46, 51, 52, 71, 79, 80, 85, 117, 123, 134, 135, 137, 138, 139, 141, 150, 157, 190, 227, 237, 328, 346, 452, 526, 532, 546 remembered, 38, 47, 50, 52, 75, 96, 130, 140, 150, 161, 174, 196, 220, 240, 245, 251, 265, 277, 279, 289, 310, 319, 507 remembering, 117, 158, 163, 242, 349, 471 remembrance, 336, 546 remembrances, 485, 504 Reminiscences, 455, 474, 525, 537 removal, 58, 107, 126, 128, 274, 531 removed, 40, 45, 80, 93, 103, 107, 108, 124, 129, 140, 190, 213, 217, 224, 266, 284, 306, 353, 367, 420, 421, 422, 423, 424, 431, 432, 442, 452, 474, 493, 501, 502, 514, 516 Remson, 502 reneged, 511 renegotiation, 557 renewed, 105, 122, 201, 294, 295, 327, 385, 471 renounced, 524, 528 Renowned, 527 Rensselaer, 161, 507 rent, 101, 127, 134, 461, 469, 477 rented, 120, 127, 129, 134, 335, 461, 477 renters, 308, 374, 523 Renunciations, 528 re-obtain, 523 reorganization, 430, 434 Reorganized, 7, 181, 334, 344, 430, 458, 482, 498, 536, 543, 548, 549, 556 repeated, 23, 55, 89, 95, 96, 108, 118, 180, 196, 231, 241, 299, 322, 327, 466, 485, 523, 529, 539 repeating, 210, 244, 348, 437, 491 repentance, 12, 204, 390 Reply, 433, 447, 451, 472, 478, 483, 553 report, 14, 15, 152, 181, 327, 328, 330, 331, 353, 354, 355, 372, 439, 457, 467, 503, 510, 533, 536, 537, 550 reportage, 528 Reportage, 326 reported, 9, 48, 126, 129, 144, 149, 160, 165, 167, 172, 213, 227, 261, 263, 270, 274, 295, 317, 334, 346, 356, 362, 365, 382, 387, 437, 450, 465, 483, 493, 496, 498, 505, 527 reportedly, 13, 24, 27, 33, 35, 53, 87, 204, 336, 348, 355, 370, 373, 479, 488, 501 reporter, 50, 74, 155, 354, 453, 551 Reporter, 96, 122, 127, 445, 455, 460, 471, 472, 473, 474, 476 reporting, 65, 181, 215, 289, 400, 532 reports, 16, 190, 315, 341, 372, 387, 493, 495, 500, 502, 508, 516, 543, 553 Repository, 241, 247, 510, 520 repossessed, 374 repossession, 412 represent, 50, 256, 393, 537 Representative, 13, 434 Representatives, 462 representing, 64, 447 represents, 144, 179, 475, 539, 541 reprimand, 382, 395, 521, 530 reprint, 181, 520, 527 reprinted, 114, 433, 435, 443, 450, 464, 465, 466, 479, 493, 499, 508, 522, 526, 538 reprinting, 374 reprisals, 353 reproach, 36, 257, 545 reproduced, 4, 299, 439 reproduces, 387 reproductions, 386 Republican, 224, 254, 257, 258, 268, 278, 279, 453, 470, 511, 512, 513, 517, 518, 519, 524, 534, 539, 553 republish, 525 republished, 300, 463 repudiate, 54, 362 repudiated, 365 reputation, 32, 39, 53, 55, 101, 167, 171, 182, 263, 269, 278, 322, 374, 436, 482 repute, 171, 449 reputed, 34, 36, 213, 229, 245, 246, 361, 413, 531 research, 14, 15, 97, 107, 135, 168, 210, 216, 235, 290, 334, 336, 353, 368, 402, 403, 409, 443, 481, 485, 487, 493, 496, 525 Research, 47, 139, 412, 443, 454, 458, 483, 485, 505, 525, 526, 527, 531, 546, 553 researcher, 50, 60, 68, 158, 429, 453, 454 researchers, 14, 63, 198, 402 resemblance, 60, 540 resemblances, 387, 541 resembled, 37, 84 resembling, 182, 387, 540 Reserve, 26, 28, 34, 129, 285, 311, 337, 384, 431, 437, 440, 441, 443, 444, 447, 456, 459, 465, 476, 481, 482, 485, 503, 506, 534, 535, 536, 542, 543, 555 reside, 108, 218, 237, 297, 320, 359, 376, 413, 462, 498 resided, 49, 52, 103, 105, 106, 107, 109, 110, 118, 122, 130, 139, 167, 220, 222, 285, 286, 304, 305, 313, 459, 469, 499 residence, 80, 85, 90, 101, 108, 110, 118, 119, 120, 125, 141, 159, 164, 176, 182, 183, 184, 217, 218, 220, 252, 285, 338, 345, 353, 398, 406, 436, 441, 444, 468, 472, 474, 479, 508, 514, 527, 553 residences, 469 resident, 33, 66, 97, 102, 128, 131, 181, 218, 266, 297, 399, 437, 499, 515, 517, 529 residents, 29, 33, 41, 43, 51, 131, 214, 220, 381, 458, 459, 473, 520, 531, 537, 556 residing, 108, 109, 132, 215, 408, 473, 495 respectable, 29, 57, 73, 139, 181, 199, 202, 205, 240, 243, 254, 325, 376, 491 respected, 27, 33, 69, 71, 80, 88, 104, 242, 255, 323, 439 responded, 158, 184, 359, 365 responsable, 396 response, 106, 118, 140, 147, 203, 355, 369, 509 responsible, 145, 165, 175, 196, 197, 203, 210, 214, 256, 265, 292, 362, 368, 370, 431, 450 restoration, 12, 169, 177, 281, 313, 330, 390, 460, 531 Restoration, 170, 432, 492, 503, 509, 540 restored, 35, 72, 313, 378, 379, 390 retired, 42, 165, 222, 429, 469, 472, 473, 488 Retired, 397 retirement, 107, 464, 469 retiring, 97, 431 retranslate, 322 retranslated, 233, 377 retranslation, 234, 299 re-translation, 381 retribution, 380 Return, 342, 426, 428, 510, 544, 554 Reuben, 187, 233, 234, 313, 377, 378, 458, 531, 551 reunited, 162, 352, 521 Rev., 4, 9, 13, 14, 15, 19, 25, 67, 68, 83, 85, 88, 99, 100, 101, 104, 105, 106, 107, 109, 110, 113, 116, 117, 119, 121, 122, 126, 127, 129, 134, 135, 137, 138, 140, 144, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 156, 157, 162, 164, 165, 170, 172, 180, 187, 198, 213, 285, 286, 308, 328, 329, 331, 332, 335, 337, 341, 342, 353, 361, 373, 384, 389, 401, 402, 431, 432, 437, 444, 446, 451, 453, 456, 458, 459, 460, 461, 463, 464, 465, 466, 467, 468, 469, 470, 471, 472, 473, 474, 475, 477, 479, 482, 483, 484, 485, 494, 496, 507, 537, 538, 543, 545, 556 reveal, 10, 160, 184, 200, 202, 210, 266, 364, 387, 529, 557 revealed, 12, 69, 71, 75, 92, 122, 158, 161, 230, 240, 273, 310, 320, 364, 551 revealing, 54, 168, 196, 253, 269, 277, 315, 331, 359, 498, 501, 552 r eveals, 174, 219, 252, 265, 368, 381 revelation, 160, 161, 162, 165, 177, 180, 183, 190, 204, 205, 234, 238, 239, 240, 261, 262, 265, 283, 299, 308, 313, 315, 321, 378, 379, 380, 382, 391, 392, 482, 484, 490, 506, 545 revelations, 130, 137, 169, 177, 178, 193, 197, 259, 281, 313, 315, 323, 356, 378, 379, 380, 381, 382, 454, 520, 521, 543 Revelator, 484, 520 Revenna, 552 Revenue, 479 reverence, 453 Reverend, 112, 168, 196 Reverends, 112, 168 Review, 436, 438, 443, 454, 514, 555 reviewed, 332 revising, 152, 489 revision, 352, 405, 454, 487 revisions, 27, 485 Revisited, 481, 494, 510 revival, 177, 178, 179, 201, 287, 337, 340, 341, 342, 343, 348, 485 revivals, 178, 179, 286, 287, 342, 344, 373, 485 Revolution, 216, 403, 431, 492 Revolutionary, 25, 216, 403, 415, 474 reworked, 83, 85, 232, 339 re-worked, 358 reworking, 169, 231, 357 Reynolds, 99, 369, 434, 453, 457, 477, 552 Rhode Island, 430 Rice, 77, 80, 81, 325, 452 Rich, 161 Richard, 47, 170, 356, 364, 432, 436, 440, 459, 461, 477, 479, 482, 489, 490, 491, 492, 493, 509, 543, 549, 550, 551 Richards, 156, 480, 484, 532, 539, 551, 552 Richardson, 470, 482, 505, 548 Richfield, 26, 84, 141, 431, 437 Richmond, 186, 212, 241, 265, 267, 277, 521, 532, 540, 544, 554 Richmond-Arnold, 554 Riddle, 393 ride, 161, 163, 361, 518 Rider, 482 ridge, 454 Ridge, 438 Ridicule, 481 riding, 28, 312, 336 rife, 312 rifle, 488 Rangdon, 201, 202, 294, 327 Ringdon, 199, 201, 294, 327, 473 Rogdon, 122 Rigden, 132, 133, 473, 474 Rigdens, 132, 133 Rigdin, 473 Rigdon, 14, 15, 20, 28, 30, 32, 34, 37, 58, 68, 69, 71, 75, 78, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 108, 109, 113, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 131, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 143, 144, 147, 148, 149, 151, 152, 153, 154, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 182, 190, 192, 193, 195, 196, 197, 198, 200, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 210, 211, 212, 221, 225, 230, 231, 233, 234, 235, 241, 244, 245, 248, 263, 285, 286, 287, 288, 289, 294, 295, 300, 301, 307, 308, 309, 310, 311, 312, 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322, 324, 325, 326, 327, 328, 329, 330, 331, 332, 334, 335, 336, 337, 338, 339, 340, 341, 342, 343, 344, 345, 346, 347, 348, 349, 351, 352, 353, 354, 355, 356, 357, 358, 359, 360, 361, 362, 363, 364, 365, 369, 370, 382, 384, 385, 386, 389, 390, 391, 392, 394, 396, 401, 425, 427, 428, 433, 434, 435, 436, 442, 444, 457, 458, 459, 460, 461, 462, 463, 464, 465, 466, 467, 468, 469, 473, 474, 475, 476, 477, 478, 479, 480, 481, 482, 483, 484, 488, 489, 490, 491, 492, 503, 506, 509, 510, 514, 520, 521, 524, 535, 536, 540, 543, 544, 545, 546, 547, 548, 549, 551, 552, 553, 554, 555 Rigdon-inspired, 544 Rigdons, 103, 131, 336, 459, 474 Rigdon's, 14, 15, 58, 68, 99, 100, 101, 103, 104, 105, 109, 113, 118, 119, 120, 121, 124, 128, 133, 135, 136, 137, 138, 140, 143, 144, 149, 151, 152, 153, 154, 156, 158, 159, 162, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 176, 177, 182, 195, 197, 204, 205, 206, 212, 221, 231, 233, 285, 286, 287, 295, 301, 310, 311, 313, 314, 325, 326, 329, 331, 334, 335, 336, 338, 339, 341, 344, 345, 346, 347, 348, 349, 352, 353, 354, 355, 357, 358, 360, 361, 362, 364, 385, 386, 389, 391, 425, 444, 457, 458, 459, 460, 461, 462, 463, 465, 466, 467, 469, 475, 476, 478, 479, 482, 483, 488, 490, 491, 510, 544, 545, 548, 549, 552 Rigdon-Spalding, 15 Rigdun, 473 Righteous, 433, 478, 548 righteousness, 10, 11, 12, 257, 258 Riley's, 515 Ring, 407 Ringdon (see Rigdon) Ringland, 128, 129, 131, 471, 472, 473 riot, 524 Ripley, 251, 252, 278, 512, 515 Riprimand Rise, 180, 244, 437, 464, 471, 484, 485, 490, 492, 499, 502, 504, 521, 525, 534, 537, 539, 546 rite, 501 Rite, 527, 528 rites, 268, 270 ritual, 527 rituals, 211, 268, 269 rival, 519 river, 147, 183, 185, 224, 225, 262, 263, 335, 342, 396, 407, 445, 456, 526, 555 River, 82, 101, 190, 224, 225, 246, 339, 340, 341, 384, 407, 408, 409, 438, 463, 475, 520, 526, 555 RLDS, 7, 78, 140, 317, 334, 355, 387, 430, 433, 441, 463, 479, 492, 498, 509, 515, 523, 528, 532, 533, 536, 537, 540, 541, 544, 545, 548, 550, 555 road, 67, 191, 201, 214, 226, 239, 284, 291, 294, 305, 319, 320, 327, 339, 343, 385, 408, 412, 413, 468, 469, 480, 486, 557 Road, 181, 222, 223, 290, 292, 319, 371, 372, 384, 468, 502, 554 roadhouse, 133 Roads, 67, 535 roadside, 326 robbers, 466 robbery, 363, 481 robbing, 481 Robert, 13, 88, 96, 104, 105, 110, 118, 119, 120, 121, 126, 128, 129, 134, 135, 137, 143, 144, 145, 149, 150, 151, 152, 156, 158, 159, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 175, 176, 218, 237, 242, 257, 273, 342, 402, 412, 414, 429, 431, 454, 455, 457, 458, 463, 464, 465, 468, 469, 470, 471, 474, 475, 477, 478, 479, 480, 482, 493, 496, 497, 498, 499, 503, 513, 525, 529, 534, 543, 546, 548, 552, 556 Roberts, 29, 46, 68, 78, 79, 128, 155, 167, 174, 309, 343, 364, 433, 436, 437, 440, 444, 447, 448, 451, 452, 454, 466, 472, 475, 478, 479, 480, 482, 483, 487, 491, 492, 513, 537, 542, 544, 553, 554 Roberts-Bates, 343 Robinson, 29, 126, 314, 315, 353, 373, 438, 467, 488, 489, 510, 537, 544, 554 Robison, 508 Rochester, 152, 228, 255, 256, 257, 258, 259, 261, 263, 264, 265, 266, 267, 268, 271, 273, 274, 277, 278, 279, 280, 292, 296, 379, 418, 422, 427, 485, 494, 497, 498, 503, 504, 505, 508, 512, 513, 516, 517, 518, 519, 522, 528, 536, 537, 543 rock, 240, 551 Rock, 246, 463 Rockport, 508 Rockwell, 318, 507, 546 rod, 182, 183, 213, 218, 220, 221, 227, 261, 263, 265, 491, 544 rods, 85, 125, 211, 220, 276, 318, 319, 321 rodsman, 220, 229, 265, 358 rods-man, 220 rodsmen, 498 rods-men, 220 rode, 287, 309, 312, 500 Rodger, 75, 441, 451, 485, 490, 491 Rogar, 62, 66, 445 Rogdon (see Rigdon) Rogers, 75, 324 Roland, 92, 456 Rollman, 458, 459, 460 Roman, 18, 88, 187, 260, 383, 458 Romans, 11, 37, 88 romance, 13, 14, 33, 37, 40, 57, 60, 68, 80, 84, 85, 107, 109, 152, 154, 163, 244, 392, 433, 446 romances, 80, 89 romantic, 27, 46, 124 Rome, 60 Ronaldson's, 510 Rooker, 481, 510 room, 95, 113, 120, 122, 150, 163, 187, 188, 225, 231, 234, 268, 280, 289, 306, 307, 320, 335, 347, 353, 360, 391, 393, 394, 396, 477, 488, 513 rooms, 27, 267, 276, 280, 504 Roosevelt, 441 Rooster, 222 root, 14, 219, 530 Root, 342 Rosa, Storm: Dr. Storm Rosa said that S. Rigdon predicted coming of Mormonism in May-June, 1830, 312, 543 n.11 Rose, 427, 498, 499, 547 Roster, 497 Roswell, 241, 407, 416, 417, 421, 508, 524 roundtrip, 426, 518 round-trip, 344, 427 route, 214, 225, 284, 287, 330, 342, 344, 426, 468, 554, 557 routes, 224, 286, 426, 547 Row, 191 Rowe, 474 Roy, 361, 419, 445, 454, 514 Royal, 265, 268, 272, 280, 416, 497, 514, 524, 525, 527, 528, 529 Royalton, 509 rucksack, 218 Rudd, 444 rude, 187, 190, 238, 371, 517 Rudolph, 313, 543 ruffian, 111, 267 ruffians, 227 Rufus, 393, 419, 494 ruins, 87, 97, 309, 542 rule, 245, 270, 338, 369, 428, 500 ruled, 7, 88, 191, 442, 455, 557 rulers, 453 rules, 228, 270, 495 rumor, 327, 328, 331, 491 rumors, 373, 466, 553 Rump, 92 rupture, 26, 123, 125 rural, 119, 136, 536 Rural, 458, 471, 473, 520 ruse, 121, 232, 307, 308, 356, 487 Rush, 217, 218, 265, 412, 413, 423, 444, 524 Russell, 268, 408, 471, 491, 535, 547, 551 rustic, 182, 396 Ruth: Ruth Parker md. Alden Snow, 1827, NY, 339 Ruth Cowdery, wife of Jabez, in 1790 MA census, 406 Ruth Franklin md. Cephus Dodd in 1801, 472 n99. Rutland, 209, 217, 417, 493, 494, 497, 503 Ryder, 171, 482 S S. Bowles & Co., 431 Sabbath, 135, 138, 139, 254, 305, 318, 327, 328, 330, 331, 332, 475 Sabin, 25, 54, 122, 431, 441, 442, 456 Sabine, 19, 25, 53, 55, 80, 122, 441 Sace, 527 sacraments, 459 sacred, 13, 17, 23, 106, 109, 159, 177, 178, 179, 180, 186, 188, 202, 240, 373, 471, 554 sailed, 87, 513 sailor, 201 Saint, 14, 15 Saintly, 478, 479 Saints, 4, 7, 9, 16, 17, 18, 23, 29, 31, 37, 111, 115, 162, 181, 191, 209, 330, 334, 387, 429, 430, 433, 435, 444, 448, 450, 454, 458, 461, 478, 479, 482, 484, 488, 489, 491, 492, 498, 509, 510, 520, 521, 528, 533, 536, 537, 543, 544, 545, 548, 549, 550, 552, 553, 554, 556 Saints', 387, 429, 435, 450, 479, 509, 528, 533, 550 Saints' Herald, 387, 429, 435, 450, 479, 509, 528, 533, 550 Salem, 26, 33, 38, 49, 51, 107, 108, 109, 314, 315, 316, 434, 435, 437, 438, 440, 444, 446, 496, 543, 544 Salisbury, 507 Sally, 184, 212, 213, 215, 223, 252, 329, 330, 410, 418, 558 Salphronius, 487 Salt, 7, 17, 23, 68, 156, 162, 317, 319, 324, 353, 354, 358, 374, 375, 389, 390, 429, 430, 433, 434, 435, 436, 440, 441, 442, 443, 444, 450, 451, 453, 454, 455, 457, 459, 462, 466, 477, 478, 479, 480, 482, 483, 484, 485, 488, 490, 491, 492, 493, 494, 500, 501, 504, 505, 509, 510, 522, 526, 527, 531, 532, 536, 537, 542, 543, 544, 549, 551, 552, 553, 554, 556 Salt Lake, 7, 17, 23, 68, 156, 162, 317, 319, 324, 353, 354, 358, 374, 375, 389, 390, 429, 430, 433, 434, 435, 436, 440, 441, 442, 443, 444, 450, 451, 453, 454, 457, 459, 462, 466, 477, 478, 479, 480, 482, 483, 484, 485, 488, 490, 491, 492, 493, 494, 501, 504, 505, 509, 510, 522, 526, 527, 531, 532, 536, 537, 542, 543, 544, 549, 551, 552, 553, 554, 556 Saltsburg, 104 salt-spring, 188 salvation, 10, 11, 12, 202, 364 Salvatore, 542 Sam, 291, 549 Samantha, 413 Samuel, 67, 71, 100, 104, 121, 149, 161, 165, 172, 180, 187, 234, 267, 273, 291, 292, 293, 301, 305, 307, 310, 318, 319, 320, 347, 371, 376, 378, 381, 383, 386, 414, 420, 430, 434, 438, 439, 447, 448, 459, 460, 461, 471, 474, 475, 477, 479, 483, 489, 492, 508, 513, 515, 525, 532, 539, 551 San Antonio, TX: Lyman Wight d. 1858, at Mountain Valley, TX, near San Antonio, 544 n.26 San Jacinto, CA: Daniel Hendrix (b. 1809) gave a lengthy statement at San Jacinto, CA in 1897 (see biblio.), 549 n.111 San Marino, CA Huntington Library Collection, San Marino (see biblio.), 450 n.41, 493 n.15, 497 n.34, , 509 n.44, 513 n.66, 514 n.68, 515 n.74, 516 n.76-78, 529 n.164, 534 n.1, 538 n.42, 540n.55, 557 n.3 San Francisco, CA: The [San Francisco] Overland Monthly (see biblio). 467 n.71, Genealogy (San Francisco: Stanley-Taylor Co., printers (see biblio.) 507 n.35 Sanborn, 171 sanctity, 241 sanctuary, 221 sand, 302 Sanders, 182, 183, 192 Sanderson, 120 Sandford, 328, 329, 330 Sandisfield, 405, 406 Sandra, 443 sandstone, 187, 430 Sandusky, 271, 325, 435, 450 Sandy, 433, 453, 552 Sanford, 475 Sanhedrin, 37 sanity, 441 Santa Ana, CA: Santa Ana, CA: Vision House (see biblio.), 402, 479 n.19 sap, 548 Sarah, 130, 133, 155, 156, 250, 258, 298, 299, 327, 336, 407, 408, 409, 457, 464, 471, 479, 495, 496, 511, 516, 532, 535, 539 Saratoga, 525 Sartwell, 330, 427 Satanic, 264 satirical, 498 Saunders, 288, 289, 290, 291, 292, 295, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 331, 333, 346, 347, 349, 385, 441, 442, 498, 536, 537, 540, 545, 550 Savage Treatment, 525 save, 11, 12, 92, 182, 229, 261, 262, 281, 362, 440 saved, 11, 18, 148, 190, 192, 257, 428, 470 Savior, 11, 12, 75, 318, 429 Savior's, 429 Sawyer, 446 Sawyers, 71, 310 Saxon, 384 Sayer, 544 Scales, 402, 479 scam, 203, 387, 478 scams, 213 scandal, 235 scapegoat, 154 Schaff-Herzog, 530 scheme, 152, 184, 213, 229, 231, 241, 268, 277, 296, 306, 308, 325, 326, 348, 354, 358, 387, 478, 481, 490 schemed, 354 scheming, 211, 269 Schenectady, 25 schism, 477 scholar, 88, 105, 110, 127, 149, 263, 264, 292, 458 scholarly, 297, 367, 429, 454, 468, 479, 527 scholars, 14, 17, 28, 29, 188, 237, 290, 291, 305, 320, 371, 377, 490, 527, 538, 539 scholarship, 15, 28, 149, 192, 360, 442 school, 25, 34, 99, 100, 152, 153, 209, 217, 218, 231, 234, 237, 244, 288, 289, 290, 291, 292, 293, 294, 295, 297, 298, 305, 321, 323, 346, 374, 375, 378, 390, 391, 439, 444, 473, 478, 504, 506, 514, 516, 519, 532, 533, 536 School, 62, 254, 290, 293, 318, 439, 475, 511 schools, 248, 290, 465, 536 school-board, 288 schoolboy, 255 schoolhouse, 290, 292, 461 schoolmaster, 12, 231, 289, 304 schoolroom, 153, 477 schoolteacher, 218, 289 Schroeder, 29, 77, 155, 430, 433, 443, 447, 451, 455, 459, 461, 462, 471, 472, 477, 478, 480, 483, 488, 493, 547, 553 science, 87 Science, 397, 486 sciences, 40, 42, 86 Scientific, 453 scientifically, 500 scoffers, 184, 545 Scotch, 182 Scotland, 555 Scott, 103, 118, 286, 310, 335, 336, 337, 341, 342, 392, 465, 483, 501, 508, 535, 542, 548 Scott-about, 337 scoundrel, 269, 274, 306 Scoundrel, 478, 479 scoundrels, 219 scour, 532 Scovell, 239 Scovil, 444, 472, 476, 508 scrap, 66, 78, 96, 149, 387 Scrapbook, 443 Scrape, 213, 214, 220, 359, 494 scraps, 66, 130, 369 Scraps, 491 scrawled, 397 scribal, 385, 423 scribbles, 387 scribblings, 110 scribe, 210, 223, 226, 228, 229, 233, 234, 270, 279, 280, 283, 297, 300, 301, 306, 308, 377, 378, 379, 443, 450, 514 scribe-for-hire, 226 scribes, 24, 187, 233, 234, 240, 377, 378, 506 Scribner, 442, 451, 483 Scribners, 429, 490, 553 Scribner's, 442, 451 script, 233, 386, 387 scriptorium, 280 scriptural, 28, 47, 49 scripture, 11, 18, 45, 46, 60, 86, 202 Scripture, 4, 177, 552, 554 scriptures, 10, 199, 202, 244, 310, 430 scroll, 187, 360 scrolls, 442 scurrilous, 168, 436 sealed, 277, 355, 387 Sealing, 532 Seaman, 130, 131, 473 Seamans, 476 Searles, 375 Seasons, 114, 435, 442, 447, 459, 460, 465, 466, 467, 479, 482, 483, 484, 488, 521, 523, 539, 547, 552 Seaton, 163 second-class, 428 second-hand, 151, 325 Secord, 488, 551 secrecy, 172, 326, 364 secret, 37, 38, 103, 160, 173, 192, 193, 207, 229, 231, 232, 245, 268, 269, 273, 274, 277, 306, 308, 315, 328, 351, 353, 358, 360, 362, 363, 387, 391, 467, 478, 524 secreted, 192, 299, 314 secretive, 197, 314 secretly, 301, 310, 331, 452, 526, 531, 534 secrets, 158, 159, 160, 229, 266, 269, 278, 282, 351, 353, 360, 361, 363, 510 sect, 106, 108, 199, 206, 239, 241, 490 sectarian, 11, 47, 174 Sectarian, 510 sectarians, 29 sectaries, 29 Section, 139, 382, 473, 484, 509, 542 sects, 77, 183, 199, 251, 520 secular, 15, 478 Seduced, 396, 407, 555 seduction, 35, 57, 154, 167, 436, 452 seer, 86, 232, 271, 293, 307, 374, 382, 522, 530 seer-stone-in-the-hat, 307 seer-stones, 374 self-acknowledged, 404 self-defense, 440 self-proclaimed, 13, 404 semi-biblical, 27 Semi-Centennial, 516, 517, 519 semi-clandestine, 527 semi-disreputable, 229 Seminary, 14, 335, 464, 494, 525 Senate, 13 Senator, 13 Seneca (Indian tribe, and language): Conneaut means �many fish� in Seneca, 445 n.22 Seneca Advertiser (see biblio): Cowdery involved with Tiffin (OH) Seneca Advertiser between 1842 and 1847, 249 "Letter to the editor of the Seneca Advertiser,� April 12, 1892 (see biblio.), 511 n.53 Seneca Advertiser, Feb. 19, 1847, extended thanks to O. Cowdery (see biblio.), 511 n.53 Seneca Beach lived in Trumbull Co., OH during 1830s, 417 Seneca Co., NY: Col. John Cowdery Jr. (b. 1757) lived in Seneca Co., NY ca. 1818-30, 422 Seneca Co., OH: Shepherd Cowdry lived in Seneca Co., OH, during 1820s, 416 History of Seneca County (see biblio), 520 n.111, 522 n.122, 523 n.126 Seneca Lake, NY: JS�s activities after 1823 moved south of Seneca Lake region, 183 Peter Whitmer, Sr. farm located near Lake Seneca, 538 n.38 senility, 526, 539 senior, 7, 276, 294, 468, 496 Senior, 271, 396, 527, 555 sensational, 383 sentence, 40, 78, 95, 96, 273, 447, 505, 529 sentenced, 272, 326, 465, 528, 529 sentences, 58, 118, 528, 537 Sentinel, 57, 191, 242, 348, 373, 375, 379, 381, 442, 484, 491, 497, 498, 499, 502, 503, 504, 505, 522, 523, 524, 540, 543 Separating, 402, 448 separation, 163, 234, 381, 480, 490 sequel, 92, 322 Serenes: LDS Serenes Burnet, early LDS, lived in Cuyahoga Co., OH during 1830s, 552 n.18 sergeant, 497 serial, 512 sermon, 58, 71, 286, 313, 321, 328, 331, 334, 337, 344, 349, 385, 454, 482 sermons, 13, 80, 287, 313, 373, 459 servants, 84 service, 25, 33, 111, 214, 215, 216, 403, 430, 497, 504, 547 services, 67, 68, 69, 153, 222, 226, 228, 229, 242, 243, 259, 301, 305, 327, 330, 385, 423, 431, 528, 532, 540 Sessions, 272, 467 settle, 67, 89, 252, 283, 329, 435, 472, 515, 558 settled, 27, 33, 52, 66, 84, 131, 166, 182, 186, 196, 209, 210, 216, 218, 224, 225, 230, 232, 238, 285, 305, 316, 323, 353, 404, 437, 438, 495, 499, 513, 557 settlement, 31, 42, 45, 46, 63, 67, 97, 133, 168, 217, 234, 265, 289, 344, 401, 444, 446, 468, 544, 557, 558 settler, 412, 557 settlers, 26, 40, 41, 42, 43, 48, 68, 107, 142, 183, 241, 262, 286, 309, 432, 439, 457, 460, 465, 535, 556, 557 seventh, 111, 260, 433 Seventy, 467 Sewickley, 100, 285, 432, 433, 438, 458, 469 sewn, 455, 456 sex, 31, 34, 167, 202, 436 Sexton, 322, 546 Sexton's, 546 sexual, 74, 154, 192, 435, 449 Seymour, 239, 279, 372, 487 Shadows, 488, 549 shady, 58, 175, 210, 267, 358, 362, 374, 387, 489 Shalersville, 341, 550 shamans, 540 shamelessly, 460 shanty-like, 26 Sharon, 152, 156, 182, 217 shaved, 260, 471 Shaw, 536, 547 she, 15, 29, 34, 48, 49, 53, 54, 55, 78, 80, 83, 95, 96, 105, 106, 109, 110, 113, 115, 116, 117, 122, 124, 130, 132, 133, 135, 137, 138, 139, 140, 142, 159, 160, 163, 174, 176, 179, 188, 210, 213, 233, 234, 238, 267, 270, 280, 284, 285, 298, 299, 301, 302, 310, 323, 324, 327, 329, 330, 331, 336, 347, 348, 349, 362, 377, 378, 392, 404, 410, 412, 442, 451, 452, 467, 474, 480, 486, 487, 490, 494, 496, 511, 522, 529, 531, 532, 539 sheep, 120, 184, 230, 323, 460, 461, 510 sheep's, 230, 461 sheepskin, 256 sheepskins, 120 Sheer, 32 sheet, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 192, 377, 405, 443, 456, 496 sheets, 23, 91, 92, 94, 97, 123, 125, 132, 191, 455, 456, 473, 499 Sheldon, 168, 217, 241, 415, 420 Sheppard, 355 Sherer, 328, 329, 330, 331, 332 Sherer/Coburn, 330 sheriff, 154, 372, 440, 497 Sheriff, 272, 440, 470, 529, 546 Sherman, 340 Shields, 477 shiftless, 199 Shipps, 536, 550 shirt, 318, 530 shocking, 108, 438 shone, 394 Shook, 334, 342, 402, 452, 522, 536, 537, 545, 548, 550 shooting, 488 shop, 28, 30, 58, 78, 103, 104, 119, 120, 121, 138, 143, 144, 148, 175, 176, 197, 226, 228, 229, 233, 237, 243, 247, 252, 255, 261, 267, 268, 269, 271, 276, 279, 298, 318, 352, 463, 470, 474, 477, 507, 509 shops, 28, 99, 183, 226, 242, 246, 250, 517 Short, 32, 62 shorthand, 50, 383, 386, 387 short-lived, 513, 524 shot, 361, 440 showman, 188, 442 Shreveport, 511, 550 shrewdness, 199, 526 shrouded, 446 Shuman, 500 Shute, 540 siblings, 215, 217, 252, 407 sick, 503, 541 Sid, 353 Sidney, 14, 15, 20, 28, 30, 32, 34, 37, 58, 68, 69, 71, 78, 99, 100, 101, 103, 104, 105, 108, 109, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 124, 125, 127, 131, 132, 133, 134, 137, 138, 139, 140, 143, 147, 148, 149, 151, 152, 153, 154, 157, 158, 159, 160, 162, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 181, 190, 192, 193, 195, 196, 197, 198, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 210, 212, 221, 225, 230, 231, 232, 234, 235, 241, 245, 248, 285, 286, 287, 288, 294, 301, 308, 309, 310, 312, 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318, 319, 321, 325, 327, 328, 329, 330, 332, 334, 335, 336, 337, 339, 345, 346, 349, 352, 353, 354, 355, 356, 357, 358, 360, 363, 364, 365, 369, 370, 382, 384, 385, 389, 401, 425, 427, 433, 434, 435, 436, 442, 444, 457, 458, 459, 460, 461, 462, 463, 465, 466, 467, 468, 474, 475, 476, 477, 479, 480, 481, 482, 483, 484, 488, 489, 490, 492, 503, 506, 509, 514, 520, 524, 535, 543, 544, 545, 546, 547, 548, 549, 551, 552, 553, 554 Sidney's, 100, 104, 131, 132, 133, 137, 231, 232, 294, 316, 354, 364, 365, 458, 467, 474 Siege, 340 sight, 120, 155, 172, 187, 291, 326, 459 sign, 52, 85, 106, 113, 114, 116, 189, 227, 230, 550 signal, 488 signature, 37, 51, 61, 73, 113, 117, 214, 438, 439, 441, 515, 525, 527 Signature, 436, 441, 451, 459, 477, 480, 482, 483, 485, 491, 492, 493, 494, 501, 505, 509, 536, 543, 544, 549, 552, 553 Signature/Smith, 483, 553 signatures, 29, 47, 447 signed, 29, 46, 47, 53, 61, 109, 110, 112, 115, 116, 117, 150, 156, 192, 214, 268, 317, 319, 322, 374, 406, 461, 464, 467, 474, 475, 480, 492, 506, 511, 518, 527, 531, 535 significant, 14, 17, 31, 47, 49, 50, 74, 86, 105, 117, 159, 173, 177, 207, 210, 212, 215, 251, 252, 261, 280, 316, 348, 384, 386, 430, 432, 433, 449, 471, 475, 484, 485, 490, 509, 520, 557 significantly, 356, 441 signing, 50, 116, 435 signs, 406, 524 Silas, 105, 120, 121, 134, 135, 137, 145, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 215, 339, 352, 355, 465, 470, 475, 502 silence, 166, 209, 259, 273, 304, 315, 316, 328, 362, 363, 399, 503, 519, 520 silent, 106, 235, 242, 273, 287, 399, 404, 463 Silhouette, 19 silver, 183, 184, 189, 211, 240, 263, 264, 315, 374, 521 silver-mine, 189 silversmith, 267, 276 Simeon: Simeon Tilton md. Sarah Rigden (b. 1816), 133 Josiah Stowell�s eldest son was named Simpson or Simeon, 263 similar, 23, 27, 28, 41, 47, 66, 75, 81, 86, 88, 101, 116, 117, 120, 147, 160, 161, 171, 172, 175, 220, 269, 310, 312, 316, 325, 346, 357, 361, 370, 381, 386, 395, 398, 432, 441, 447, 453, 456, 458, 471, 475, 479, 484, 485, 487, 495, 530, 540 similarities, 31, 86, 481 similarity, 90, 124, 269, 442, 471, 491 Simon: W. J. & J. K. Simon (pub. see biblio.), 464 n.51, 543 n.11 Simon Gratz Collection, Hist. Soc. of PA (see biblio.), 506 n.25 Simonds, 411, 413, 423, 513, 514, 558 Simpson, 263 sin, 10, 11, 12, 107 sins, 12, 48, 75, 101, 177, 310, 520 singular, 92, 107, 149, 322, 489, 518 sinners, 11, 12, 390 sired, 408 sister, 54, 101, 212, 213, 223, 247, 284, 290, 323, 327, 328, 329, 330, 331, 332, 336, 347, 358, 373, 377, 384, 407, 408, 410, 411, 423, 441, 459, 465, 481, 496, 507, 515, 527, 545, 546 sister-in-law, 101 sisters, 174, 186, 209, 212, 228, 260, 420, 423, 459, 540 six-shooter, 488 size, 58, 91, 180, 260, 367, 400, 427, 446, 455 skeptical, 367 skepticism, 550 sketch, 107, 460, 503, 547, 558 Sketch, 469, 472 Sketches, 211, 432, 437, 458, 469, 484, 487, 491, 503, 506, 522, 523, 524, 525, 529, 536, 539, 542, 544, 552 sketchy, 362 Sketh, 445 Skinner, 183, 185, 187, 507 skins, 489 Skulls, 446 slander, 312 slavery, 77, 251, 509, 524 slaves, 515 sleigh, 325, 378 slip-up, 502 slothful, 219 sly, 172, 211 smatterer, 238 Smead, 254, 516 Smeads, 252 Smelting, 68, 392 Smith, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 23, 24, 25, 26, 28, 29, 30, 32, 34, 35, 36, 41, 42, 43, 44, 47, 48, 49, 51, 53, 54, 55, 57, 58, 59, 60, 62, 64, 65, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 77, 80, 86, 87, 88, 97, 99, 103, 109, 121, 123, 128, 130, 147, 148, 152, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 165, 167, 168, 169, 172, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 217, 219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 233, 234, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 248, 249, 250, 259, 260, 261, 262, 263, 264, 265, 269, 270, 271, 272, 275, 276, 277, 278, 283, 287, 288, 289, 290, 291, 292, 293, 294, 295, 296, 297, 298, 299, 300, 301, 302, 303, 305, 306, 307, 308, 309, 310, 311, 314, 315, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324, 325, 326, 327, 328, 329, 330, 331, 332, 333, 334, 337, 338, 339, 342, 344, 345, 346, 347, 348, 349, 351, 354, 355, 356, 357, 358, 359, 360, 361, 362, 363, 364, 365, 367, 368, 369, 370, 371, 372, 373, 375, 376, 377, 378, 379, 380, 381, 383, 384, 385, 386, 387, 389, 392, 395, 396, 397, 398, 399, 400, 404, 407, 414, 415, 416, 417, 423, 425, 426, 427, 428, 429, 430, 432, 433, 434, 435, 436, 438, 439, 440, 441, 442, 443, 444, 445, 446, 447, 448, 449, 450, 451, 454, 455, 457, 458, 460, 461, 464, 465, 466, 467, 469, 476, 478, 479, 480, 481, 482, 483, 484, 485, 486, 487, 488, 489, 490, 491, 492, 493, 495, 496, 497, 498, 499, 500, 501, 502, 503, 504, 505, 506, 507, 508, 509, 510, 511, 512, 513, 514, 515, 520, 521, 522, 523, 524, 526, 527, 529, 530, 531, 532, 536, 537, 538, 539, 540, 541, 542, 543, 544, 545, 546, 547, 548, 549, 550, 551, 552, 553, 554, 555, 556, 557 Smiths, 29, 54, 192, 204, 206, 222, 225, 227, 228, 229, 231, 232, 234, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 247, 254, 255, 258, 263, 264, 277, 288, 291, 292, 294, 296, 297, 298, 301, 303, 304, 305, 308, 316, 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 346, 357, 358, 361, 372, 373, 374, 375, 376, 404, 480, 490, 491, 500, 522, 523, 527, 533, 537, 545, 546 Smith's, 18, 23, 26, 28, 29, 34, 35, 36, 44, 47, 53, 73, 75, 86, 88, 97, 121, 154, 155, 158, 159, 160, 161, 167, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 192, 193, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 202, 203, 204, 206, 207, 209, 211, 212, 213, 217, 220, 221, 223, 225, 237, 243, 249, 259, 260, 262, 263, 264, 265, 270, 271, 277, 283, 288, 289, 290, 293, 294, 297, 298, 300, 305, 306, 309, 310, 314, 315, 317, 318, 321, 322, 323, 326, 329, 332, 346, 347, 348, 358, 359, 360, 369, 371, 373, 377, 384, 386, 387, 397, 404, 407, 415, 417, 425, 426, 432, 435, 436, 438, 439, 441, 442, 443, 448, 449, 450, 451, 467, 478, 480, 482, 483, 484, 485, 488, 489, 490, 492, 497, 498, 499, 500, 501, 502, 503, 506, 507, 508, 520, 521, 522, 523, 529, 530, 531, 538, 539, 540, 541, 549, 552, 554, 555 Smiths', 204, 263, 296, 297, 372, 373, 375, 376, 545 Smucker, 466 smuggled, 488 snakes, 275 Snow, 339 Snowden, 457 Soby, 173 social, 16, 392 Social, 440, 474 socialite, 247 society, 27, 57, 113, 192, 211, 283, 342, 382, 397, 503, 508 Society, 25, 97, 249, 266, 313, 329, 332, 337, 340, 432, 434, 436, 437, 440, 441, 442, 443, 444, 445, 446, 447, 451, 452, 455, 456, 458, 459, 460, 461, 465, 468, 469, 470, 472, 473, 474, 476, 477, 481, 482, 483, 484, 489, 492, 493, 495, 504, 506, 513, 514, 516, 532, 534, 535, 536, 544, 546, 549, 553 Sodus, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221, 222, 325, 418, 499, 500 soldiers, 27, 393 Soldiers, 497 Solm., 136 Tolomon (Solomon), 136 Solomon, 4, 14, 15, 17, 19, 25, 26, 27, 28, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 36, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 49, 51, 52, 53, 57, 59, 60, 61, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 70, 78, 81, 82, 83, 85, 86, 87, 88, 90, 92, 96, 97, 99, 103, 107, 109, 110, 117, 118, 121, 122, 125, 128, 129, 132, 133, 134, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 144, 147, 150, 153, 154, 163, 169, 174, 175, 176, 177, 193, 197, 210, 216, 245, 299, 309, 310, 352, 357, 362, 363, 369, 401, 406, 430, 431, 432, 437, 438, 439, 441, 442, 444, 445, 446, 448, 451, 453, 455, 456, 457, 463, 464, 465, 470, 471, 472, 473, 474, 476, 477, 480, 526, 541, 543, 546, 547 Solomon-of-Conneaut's, 445 Solon, 468 son, 24, 27, 30, 66, 75, 87, 100, 101, 104, 111, 113, 123, 128, 131, 132, 133, 143, 152, 163, 179, 182, 185, 186, 187, 192, 199, 206, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 221, 224, 225, 234, 238, 240, 243, 250, 263, 266, 267, 284, 285, 290, 300, 302, 323, 351, 353, 354, 362, 364, 372, 373, 378, 379, 381, 390, 396, 403, 405, 406, 407, 408, 409, 410, 411, 412, 413, 415, 416, 420, 421, 430, 432, 433, 440, 444, 454, 460, 469, 472, 473, 474, 475, 477, 479, 485, 488, 489, 493, 494, 495, 496, 498, 499, 506, 514, 516, 518, 519, 524, 541, 555, 556, 557, 558 son-in-law, 75, 113, 163, 185, 353, 474 sons, 111, 112, 182, 189, 220, 225, 249, 323, 354, 406, 407, 430, 442, 454, 468, 469, 494, 495, 496, 515, 519 soothsayer, 500 Sophia, 340, 408 sophomore, 25 Sophronia, 323, 324, 347, 377, 545 sorcerer's, 221 Sorenson, 87, 454 soul, 14, 162, 273, 345 souls, 303 source, 25, 29, 32, 48, 108, 112, 149, 161, 164, 166, 172, 226, 367, 368, 369, 402, 435, 443, 486, 494, 517, 530, 538, 542, 548, 556 sources, 26, 30, 32, 35, 87, 177, 180, 181, 192, 214, 242, 256, 258, 269, 297, 299, 314, 329, 334, 336, 337, 342, 361, 402, 407, 432, 433, 442, 450, 458, 459, 461, 466, 470, 484, 498, 505, 506, 510, 514, 515, 516, 525, 527, 528, 539, 549, 558 south, 38, 40, 184, 187, 214, 217, 218, 220, 221, 224, 225, 229, 232, 233, 254, 262, 264, 286, 288, 290, 306, 317, 323, 324, 325, 326, 343, 371, 372, 376, 385, 406, 412, 418, 427, 446, 462, 493, 498, 500, 508, 516, 528, 530, 554, 555, 557 South, 40, 50, 159, 224, 226, 228, 229, 252, 265, 266, 278, 285, 381, 395, 413, 418, 419, 438, 454, 477, 538, 541 Southampton, 513 southbound stage coach, 326 southeast, 290, 340, 369, 370, 412, 437, 462, 476, 536 southeastern, 407, 409 southern, 216, 218, 278, 289, 374, 375, 413, 555 Southern, 14, 489 southwest, 207, 216, 286, 344, 415, 417 Souvenir, 505, 513, 516, 517, 549 space, 91, 94, 136, 229, 233, 234, 371, 523 spaces, 446 Spalding, 1, 4, 9, 14, 15, 17, 19, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 36, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 70, 73, 74, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 99, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 113, 115, 117, 118, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 131, 132, 133, 134, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 153, 154, 156, 159, 160, 161, 163, 165, 167, 169, 174, 175, 176, 177, 193, 195, 196, 197, 198, 203, 204, 207, 209, 210, 244, 245, 269, 288, 295, 299, 306, 307, 308, 309, 311, 317, 326, 339, 349, 352, 353, 357, 358, 360, 362, 363, 364, 368, 369, 385, 389, 390, 392, 398, 401, 402, 429, 430, 431, 432, 434, 436, 437, 438, 439, 440, 441, 442, 444, 445, 446, 448, 449, 451, 452, 453, 454, 455, 456, 457, 463, 464, 465, 466, 468, 469, 470, 471, 472, 473, 474, 475, 476, 477, 480, 481, 525, 526, 541, 543, 546, 547, 554, 556 Spalding/Davison, 167, 176, 441, 451 Spalding/Davison's, 167, 441 Spalding/McKinstry, 59 Spalding-Davison, 165, 352, 480 Spalding-Davison's, 480 Spalding-Lake, 432 Spalding-related, 556 Spalding-Rigdon, 14, 15, 104 Spaldings, 26, 40, 41, 49, 61, 62, 87, 90, 122, 133, 163, 352, 401, 438 Spaniard, 185, 262 Spaniards, 184, 262, 521 Spaniard's, 262 Spanish, 229, 263 Spaulding, 4, 13, 23, 28, 31, 32, 36, 37, 47, 48, 49, 51, 58, 78, 79, 84, 85, 99, 104, 110, 114, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 134, 138, 139, 152, 154, 155, 156, 157, 163, 164, 165, 244, 310, 354, 401, 430, 433, 434, 435, 436, 437, 441, 451, 455, 462, 463, 465, 466, 467, 471, 472, 473, 477, 478, 479, 548, 554 Spaulding/Book, 47 Spaulding-Davison's, 139 Spaulding's, 31, 37, 47, 48, 49, 51, 58, 85, 99, 110, 114, 127, 128, 129, 130, 152, 156, 164, 165, 244, 310, 433, 434, 455, 554 Spawlding, 136, 138 Spear, 474, 475 spectacles, 24, 183, 186, 187, 188, 219, 240, 306, 506 spectacular, 71, 300 Spectator, 72, 411, 449, 518 speculate, 49, 393, 402, 410, 495, 556 speculating, 441 speculation, 11, 26, 97, 117, 197, 368, 440, 501 speculations, 26, 139, 211, 212, 393 speculative, 199, 525 speculator, 217, 289, 414, 432 spell, 435 spelled, 459, 512, 535 spelling, 100, 132, 202, 320, 325, 430, 437, 439, 473, 482, 492, 496, 556 spellings, 89, 430, 445, 473, 556, 557 spells, 328, 442, 502 Spencer, 97, 431, 445 Sperry, 28, 433 spineless, 538 spirit, 9, 25, 35, 43, 65, 70, 94, 190, 219, 220, 221, 222, 227, 233, 234, 299, 301, 361, 373, 374, 375, 376, 380, 436, 502, 503, 506, 530 spirits, 9, 27, 75, 81, 219, 239, 371 spirit's, 502 spiritual, 24, 155, 178, 227, 234, 238, 240, 313, 356, 376, 379, 506, 538, 551 Spiritualism, 392 Spokesman, 154 Sprague's, 330, 426 Spring, 221, 319, 335, 336, 337, 371, 372, 373, 485, 490, 494, 508, 526, 530, 531, 537, 546, 550, 551, 554 Springfield, 31, 40, 45, 52, 53, 64, 396, 426, 431, 438, 439, 520, 521, 544 Springville, 426 spurious, 402, 522 spy, 268, 269, 280, 526 Square, 27, 408 squash, 392 Squire, 54, 66, 71, 216, 310, 407, 408, 410, 435, 441, 444, 495, 522, 558 Squires, 184, 185, 187, 188 Sr., 90, 105, 119, 121, 122, 123, 125, 133, 149, 150, 164, 166, 175, 198, 213, 214, 216, 217, 220, 222, 284, 318, 370, 371, 374, 376, 377, 378, 381, 403, 405, 407, 408, 409, 415, 417, 419, 420, 423, 430, 434, 447, 455, 464, 465, 468, 469, 471, 474, 477, 493, 494, 495, 512, 523, 527, 529, 535, 544, 555, 556, 557, 558 Sr.'s, 284, 455, 469, 471, 477, 495, 527, 535, 544, 558 St., 1, 4, 11, 12, 28, 102, 120, 137, 148, 157, 158, 159, 160, 184, 227, 228, 245, 246, 247, 248, 250, 251, 255, 256, 257, 306, 335, 371, 429, 433, 439, 453, 458, 463, 469, 470, 479, 482, 498, 507, 508, 509, 516, 527, 536, 543, 547, 549, 550, 556 St. Clair, 28, 102, 137, 335, 549 St. John, 227, 228, 245, 246, 247, 248, 250, 251, 255, 256, 257, 439, 507, 508, 509 St. John-Marsh, 246, 507 Stafford, 238, 244, 276, 281, 290, 291, 292, 293, 323, 338, 371, 372, 421, 506, 524, 530, 536 stage, 167, 212, 268, 299, 300, 325, 326, 330, 385, 426, 427 Stage, 426, 428, 536, 547 stagecoach, 53, 515, 547 Stagecoaches, 426 stake, 17, 104, 363, 391, 516 Stan: Stan Larson (auth. see biblio.), 443 n.4 standard, 28, 29, 32, 36, 51, 164, 214, 230, 242, 435, 455 Standard, 4, 334, 389, 402, 447, 452, 482, 507, 536, 545, 548, 550, 551 standards, 36, 50, 141, 369, 444, 490 Stanley, 489, 493, 507 Stanley-Taylor, 507 Stanton, 460, 467, 477, 478 Star, 171, 248, 249, 251, 268, 309, 433, 434, 443, 447, 449, 450, 451, 483, 484, 490, 491, 503, 510, 514, 531, 538, 542, 543, 552, 555 Stark, 132, 133 Starrett, 469 state, 47, 52, 57, 67, 70, 84, 102, 106, 108, 129, 159, 171, 172, 186, 199, 201, 205, 206, 209, 216, 228, 292, 293, 301, 303, 315, 325, 375, 436, 439, 453, 481, 484, 506, 516, 518, 524 State, 36, 37, 44, 49, 72, 82, 129, 130, 131, 185, 191, 199, 274, 320, 323, 359, 396, 407, 408, 412, 431, 434, 436, 438, 440, 447, 448, 458, 459, 460, 484, 488, 494, 495, 497, 503, 504, 507, 513, 521, 525, 537, 546, 549, 555 stated, 13, 18, 33, 37, 49, 86, 104, 108, 116, 117, 122, 125, 133, 134, 137, 138, 139, 140, 164, 166, 176, 205, 210, 258, 280, 286, 298, 302, 311, 314, 338, 346, 349, 359, 390, 427, 438, 439, 447, 450, 466, 487, 506, 516, 533, 536, 557 statement, 39, 46, 48, 51, 52, 54, 60, 61, 63, 64, 66, 68, 70, 74, 79, 83, 85, 88, 104, 106, 109, 113, 116, 117, 118, 121, 122, 125, 127, 131, 134, 135, 137, 139, 140, 141, 142, 145, 149, 150, 151, 152, 156, 159, 160, 165, 166, 168, 176, 185, 186, 209, 244, 247, 250, 273, 277, 278, 286, 290, 291, 292, 295, 310, 312, 314, 321, 322, 325, 331, 347, 349, 352, 391, 394, 399, 402, 435, 436, 437, 439, 441, 442, 444, 448, 450, 452, 453, 455, 462, 464, 465, 466, 467, 471, 472, 474, 476, 479, 480, 481, 482, 486, 487, 490, 500, 502, 504, 506, 523, 526, 535, 539, 540, 542, 543, 545, 547, 549 Statement, 65, 156, 292, 320, 430, 435, 441, 442, 452, 453, 454, 482, 535, 537, 542, 543, 549, 553 statements, 29, 30, 40, 41, 43, 44, 48, 49, 50, 51, 53, 55, 60, 69, 73, 74, 88, 90, 103, 104, 122, 143, 149, 151, 156, 164, 167, 181, 288, 291, 310, 312, 317, 319, 332, 334, 369, 379, 438, 439, 443, 481, 498, 516, 529, 530, 533, 536, 553 states, 32, 46, 47, 137, 164, 182, 218, 245, 267, 297, 410, 439, 448, 455, 459, 491, 495, 502, 505, 517, 518, 525, 539, 540, 545, 554, 558 Statesman, 136, 470, 474, 475, 547 stationers, 175, 470 stationery, 91, 110, 118 Stationery, 469, 470 Statute, 330, 381, 395, 397, 521, 530 steal, 391 stealing, 301, 466 Steam, 119, 451, 498, 542 steamboat, 159, 335 Steamboat, 426, 547 Steamboat, Stage, and Canal Register, 426, 547 steamer, 428, 479 steamship, 14 Stebbins, 247, 508 step-brother, 472 Stephen, 136, 137, 206, 212, 218, 223, 224, 229, 270, 340, 384, 385, 386, 412, 413, 415, 416, 418, 433, 472, 492, 494, 496, 497, 502, 514, 528 stepmother, 423, 442, 540 step-mother, 228, 417 steps, 227, 269, 274, 314, 332, 345, 520 Stets, 475 Steuben, 421, 422, 512, 513 Steubenville-Youngstown-Warren-Cleveland, 385 Steven, 479 Stevens, 504, 508 Stevenson, 480, 537 Steward, 535 Stewart, 267, 268, 280 Stiles, 490, 502 Stillson, 519 Stillwater, 468 stitch-bound, 92 stitched, 456 stitching, 367 stitchometry, 368 Stoal, 374, 375, 376, 380, 521 Stockbridge, 251 stockholders, 459, 510 Stockholm, 306 Stockton, 91, 137, 485 Stoddard, 377, 502, 522, 523 stole, 28, 103, 125, 390 stolen, 125, 161, 182, 241, 320, 322, 323, 347, 377, 398 stone, 86, 134, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 218, 219, 222, 240, 241, 264, 271, 290, 292, 293, 307, 318, 320, 322, 370, 371, 375, 378, 382, 393, 439, 445, 486, 493, 530, 540, 542 stone-cutters, 271 stone-in-the-hat, 264 stonemason, 267 stones, 24, 86, 186, 240, 540 store, 25, 26, 54, 61, 64, 71, 72, 79, 84, 124, 125, 129, 133, 135, 141, 163, 209, 210, 234, 239, 294, 301, 352, 376, 549 stores, 517, 530 stories, 35, 75, 79, 80, 170, 179, 193, 200, 202, 312, 333, 346, 383, 384, 385 Stories, 528, 533, 550 Storm (see Rosa, Storm) Storrs, 113, 114, 115, 116, 467 story, 13, 15, 24, 25, 31, 36, 38, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 63, 80, 82, 83, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 104, 110, 114, 118, 126, 155, 161, 164, 173, 174, 179, 180, 181, 182, 187, 191, 192, 198, 199, 202, 240, 241, 246, 259, 262, 269, 279, 296, 298, 299, 311, 314, 318, 327, 355, 376, 384, 385, 387, 401, 454, 457, 461, 481, 485, 486, 488, 491, 503, 506, 521, 538, 539, 544, 545, 556 Story, 31, 32, 38, 55, 57, 59, 60, 63, 64, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 99, 104, 131, 142, 368, 432, 433, 434, 435, 436, 437, 441, 451, 452, 453, 454, 455, 456, 460, 461, 462, 463, 465, 466, 467, 471, 477, 478, 505, 521, 548, 550, 552, 554 Story -- Conneaut, 31, 38, 55, 57, 59, 60, 63, 64, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 99, 131, 368, 432, 437, 451, 452, 453, 454, 455, 456, 471, 554 Stout, 386, 531 Stowel, 530 Stowell, 189, 211, 229, 262, 263, 264, 265, 275, 293, 358, 359, 374, 375, 380, 395, 398, 501, 521, 522, 523, 530, 537 Stowes, 398 strait, 84, 87, 453 Strait, 84, 87, 88 straits, 84, 87, 142, 453, 454 Straits, 45, 50, 86, 87 Strang, 161 stranger, 106, 188, 225, 277, 297, 321, 322, 323, 324, 346, 347, 352, 387, 438, 448, 551 strangers, 391, 551 Stratford, 488, 549 Stratton, 459 street, 119, 120, 125, 133, 134, 191, 238, 244, 277, 292, 316, 362, 472, 504, 506 streets, 120, 148, 165, 470 strike-outs, 79, 293, 301, 456 Stringer, 489 strokes, 551 strong, 18, 30, 32, 33, 65, 70, 81, 157, 180, 182, 186, 189, 190, 219, 238, 270, 289, 304, 359, 363, 391, 465, 470, 476, 523, 533 Strong, 241, 257, 259, 261, 264, 285, 343, 421, 503, 504, 518, 522 Stuart, 443 student, 14, 73, 189, 210, 387, 468 students, 431, 457 studied, 25, 202, 354, 391 studies, 445, 522 Studies, 454, 458, 481, 485, 487, 490, 494, 522, 526, 531, 537, 544, 546, 551, 552, 554 studious, 430 study, 9, 100, 101, 105, 152, 153, 159, 177, 179, 180, 204, 386, 445, 459, 472, 490, 498, 525 studying, 105, 127, 163, 514 Sturbridge, 464 Sturgeon, 469 style, 26, 37, 41, 46, 47, 49, 51, 60, 81, 82, 86, 107, 124, 126, 149, 163, 195, 202, 219, 306, 313, 386, 447, 452, 478, 481 subpoenaed, 449, 502 subscribed, 296, 325 subscribers, 252, 258, 267, 470 subscription, 43, 430, 480 subscriptions, 268, 375 subterfuge, 59, 370, 452 subterfuges, 465 subvert, 484 successor, 100, 136, 186, 459, 470, 520 suicide, 274, 509 suit, 112, 172, 302, 441 Sullivan, 110, 466, 476 sum, 42, 59, 72, 75, 150, 192, 196, 262, 294, 430, 481, 506 Sumerian, 384 Summer, 287, 336, 341, 342, 373, 376, 379, 380, 437, 474, 480, 481, 482 summers, 133, 324, 404, 469 Sumner, 483 Sun, 305, 329, 330, 331, 332, 335, 340, 341, 342, 541 Sunderland, 361 Sunstone, 552 superadded, 58 superannuated, 174 superficial, 170, 171 supernatural, 124 superstitious, 182, 202, 246 supervision, 369, 449 Supervisor, 67 surgeon, 511 Surgeon, 250 Surgeons, 439 surname, 414, 445, 492, 494, 556, 557 surnames, 494 surreptitiously, 28, 59, 232, 353, 357 survey, 26, 136, 259, 295, 529, 557 surveyed, 33, 42, 446 surveyor, 444 survive, 67, 149, 362, 518 survived, 14, 44, 60, 119, 165, 212, 360, 361, 430, 442, 453, 469, 510, 522, 535, 543 survives, 293, 377, 517 surviving, 51, 149, 248, 253, 259, 260, 265, 278, 369, 469, 488, 519, 531 Susan, 508 suspect, 393 suspected, 58, 148, 186, 352, 363, 556 suspended, 180, 295, 381, 510, 528, 538 suspends, 380 suspicion, 47, 148, 312, 322, 352, 391 suspicioned, 124, 196, 401 suspicions, 127, 391 suspicious, 34, 50, 197, 299, 360, 402 Susquehanna, 73, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 190, 191, 192, 262, 263, 372, 374, 407, 450, 486, 502, 522, 523 Susquehannah, 521 Sussex, 463 Suthen Cowdery, 497 Sutton, 447, 459, 472, 482, 542, 555 Swan, 513, 518 Swift, 25, 469, 507 swindler, 276 sword, 72, 219, 222 Sword, 227, 556 swords, 456 swore, 72, 111, 186, 302, 347, 395, 399, 500 sworn, 160, 244, 272, 286, 291, 292, 302, 320, 321, 322, 324, 325, 349, 369, 398, 464, 466, 528, 530, 534, 535 sycophants, 515 Sylvester, 438 Sylvia, 291 symbol, 396 symbols, 233, 270, 384, 385, 386, 387, 455 Symonds, 171 sympathies, 391 Syracuse, 330, 375, 426, 487, 509, 512, 513, 517, 548, 557 Syracuse-Binghamton-Colesville, 330 system, 4, 86, 97, 390, 489 systematically, 75, 234, 355, 432, 480 systems, 390 T tabernacle, 190 Tabernacle, 443, 498, 500 table, 291, 321, 400, 486 tablets, 14, 24, 320 tabloid, 441 Tacoma, 528 tale, 24, 32, 41, 88, 111, 112, 153, 231, 437, 487, 523, 539, 545 tales, 54, 75, 192, 200, 232, 239, 321, 346, 361, 537 Talmage, 429 Taneur, 392 Tanner, 338, 433, 443, 556 tannery, 102, 120, 135, 139, 212, 336 tanning, 462 tatter-demallions, 219 taught, 101, 110, 153, 173, 192, 209, 245, 288, 289, 290, 291, 292, 293, 295, 323, 355, 390, 468, 478, 514, 533 tavern, 123, 125, 129, 134, 214, 230, 268, 427, 473, 504, 530, 555, 556 Taves, 445 tax, 372, 412, 415, 416, 458, 495, 534, 557 Tax, 181, 222, 223, 372, 431, 437, 444, 445, 458, 502, 534, 558 Taylor, 156, 469, 488, 507, 554 teach, 11, 230, 290, 293, 304, 323, 532 teacher, 11, 125, 129, 171, 198, 201, 244, 291, 292, 390, 506 teachers, 84, 292, 336 teaches, 10, 11, 456 teaching, 11, 101, 152, 210, 234, 290, 298, 378, 461, 473, 516, 519, 540 team, 328 teams, 353 tear, 520 tears, 108, 438 technicality, 381, 395, 521 technique, 264, 522 techniques, 523 teen, 457 teenage, 105, 143, 464 Telegraph, 39, 44, 60, 71, 75, 77, 96, 97, 228, 256, 257, 314, 330, 339, 345, 426, 427, 432, 438, 439, 448, 451, 455, 457, 472, 482, 489, 491, 497, 499, 508, 512, 513, 517, 518, 519, 522, 543, 548 telephone, 50 teller, 198, 199, 222, 327, 361, 396 (sp. teler), 499, 500 telling, 45, 52, 71, 140, 273, 297, 316, 332, 351, 375, 381, 386, 483, 503, 519, 522, 532, 545 temperance, 251, 524 Temperance, 513 Templar, 524 Templars, 266 Temple, 159, 277, 362, 369, 509, 532, 554 temporal, 283, 533 tenants, 26, 535 tended, 133, 537 tenements, 372 Tennessee, 267 tent, 230, 286, 287, 337, 485 Terre Haute, IN: 276, 531 terribly, 275 terrific, 281 terrorist, 531 Terryl, 369, 554 test, 9, 35, 83, 139, 369, 450, 545 Testament, 107, 163, 551 Testaments, 33, 432 testified, 72, 74, 89, 156, 302, 319, 400, 443, 449, 530 testifies, 58, 89, 375 testify, 71, 72, 111, 151, 272, 275, 401, 448, 505 testifying, 37, 44, 53, 66, 72, 359 testimonial, 48, 115 testimonials, 48 testimonies, 60, 64, 242, 529 testimony, 28, 29, 30, 33, 35, 39, 41, 46, 48, 54, 58, 62, 64, 65, 68, 73, 79, 81, 104, 105, 106, 109, 110, 111, 116, 117, 128, 130, 139, 151, 153, 154, 156, 157, 162, 187, 204, 237, 242, 273, 274, 275, 278, 280, 289, 290, 302, 303, 317, 355, 385, 389, 447, 448, 475, 506, 529, 530, 532, 536, 546 Testimony, 32, 69, 81, 263, 317, 321, 322, 323, 324, 325, 327, 375, 429, 433, 457, 532 Tex., 544 Texas, 315, 316, 317, 544 text, 17, 27, 30, 33, 62, 64, 83, 85, 89, 90, 92, 93, 94, 95, 109, 114, 121, 130, 148, 156, 195, 196, 233, 251, 253, 295, 311, 328, 331, 333, 346, 352, 360, 383, 385, 395, 396, 402, 404, 411, 412, 432, 433, 436, 437, 443, 453, 456, 466, 467, 477, 485, 487, 505, 507, 509, 514, 517, 519, 520, 524, 540, 541, 548, 555 texts, 367 textual, 54 Textual, 432, 509 Thaddeus, 471, 472 Thankful, 204, 491 Thayer's, 294, 376 The Newspaper, 279 theocracy, 15, 16 Theodore, 29, 77, 155, 430, 433, 441, 447, 451, 472, 478, 483, 488, 553 theological, 11, 12, 196, 341, 465 theology, 14, 101, 193, 472 theophany, 404 theories, 488, 526 theory, 14, 15, 23, 29, 31, 32, 39, 47, 77, 90, 103, 155, 187, 398 Theory, 433, 453, 455, 456, 471 Theron, 338, 504 thesis, 14, 447, 475, 480, 481, 506 Thetford, 518 thieves, 466, 510 Thomas, 13, 67, 100, 111, 125, 128, 131, 153, 189, 267, 285, 288, 291, 295, 312, 322, 324, 338, 344, 394, 402, 414, 432, 443, 451, 457, 458, 459, 462, 466, 472, 474, 500, 507, 513, 521, 522, 534, 535, 536, 537, 543 Thos., 123, 513 Thompson, 131, 436, 473, 524, 525, 526, 531, 532 Thomson, 130 Thorne, 550 Thorp, 330, 426 thriftless, 200 Thum Moroni (see also Moroni): JS reportedly at first referred to his angel visitor as Thum Moroni, 484 n.24 thumb, 320 Thurlow, 228, 256, 257, 261, 522, 525, 526 Thurston, 158, 454, 455, 479 Tiba, 132, 473 Tibba, 132 ticket, 304, 524 Tiffany's, 538, 552 Tiffin, 249, 256, 260, 263, 271, 402, 511, 550 Tilton, 133 timber, 189, 323, 557 Times, 114, 249, 435, 442, 443, 447, 459, 460, 465, 466, 467, 478, 479, 482, 483, 484, 488, 508, 510, 521, 523, 539, 547, 549, 552 Timothy, 241, 438, 503, 522 tin, 491 Tioga, 407 title, 29, 31, 68, 77, 80, 82, 83, 85, 107, 108, 111, 114, 124, 125, 164, 199, 216, 219, 244, 261, 325, 348, 352, 379, 434, 437, 443, 445, 451, 465, 485, 505, 515, 517, 518 titles, 281, 468, 491 toad, 219 Toland, 408 Tolomon (see Solomon) tombstone, 128, 445, 493 tomes, 281 Tonawanda, 268 tongue, 34, 100, 199, 508 tongue-in-cheek, 508 tongues, 34, 273 Toronto, 267 Tower, 24, 267 Tower's, 267 town, 33, 44, 70, 81, 84, 97, 99, 100, 103, 107, 116, 119, 120, 134, 144, 148, 175, 182, 185, 200, 207, 209, 216, 218, 219, 222, 225, 226, 230, 238, 241, 246, 255, 262, 263, 264, 268, 275, 286, 294, 296, 297, 298, 304, 320, 324, 326, 331, 335, 339, 340, 341, 342, 379, 397, 405, 406, 415, 434, 443, 451, 457, 462, 468, 493, 496, 497, 498, 499, 509, 511, 513, 514, 522, 524, 527, 530, 535, 552, 556 towns, 226, 246, 348, 524 Townsend, 489, 490, 502 township, 46, 49, 66, 131, 218, 252, 285, 323, 344, 413, 415, 434, 440, 444, 461, 493, 499, 535, 553 Township, 28, 68, 100, 101, 102, 131, 132, 133, 137, 161, 168, 225, 260, 285, 286, 289, 325, 335, 340, 342, 344, 371, 372, 374, 406, 408, 409, 410, 411, 414, 415, 416, 417, 419, 421, 432, 433, 434, 437, 457, 458, 459, 462, 471, 472, 473, 476, 494, 495, 496, 499, 500, 534, 535, 549, 557, 558 Twp., 426, 458 townspeople, 474 track, 197, 394, 397 tract, 42, 104, 225, 416, 432, 435, 457, 466, 557 tracts, 26, 84, 156, 226, 385, 423, 470, 556 Tracy, 279 trade, 91, 124, 147, 182, 200, 226, 250, 260, 267, 285, 385, 475, 509, 556 tradition, 15, 314, 462 traditions, 11, 181 Traditions, 526 traditional, 23, 242, 287, 305, 449 traditionally, 74, 99, 426 tragedies (of Wm. Morgan), 268 tragic assassination of President James A. Garfield, 447 n.35 tragically, 215, 406 trail, 359, 450, 531 train, 190, 226, 246, 460 trained, 251, 495 training, 100, 175, 217, 223, 228, 248, 250, 255, 368, 457, 514 trains, 216, 404 traitor, 475 traitors, 230, 489 tramp, 227, 244 trample, 360 transactions, 157, 222, 319, 412, 453 Transactions, 535 transcribe, 299, 300, 506 transcribed, 24, 497, 513, 545, 549 transcript, 97, 124, 386, 435 Transcript Printing Co., 520 transcription, 60, 61, 117, 442, 481 transform, 30, 368 transformation, 325 transformed, 27, 63, 81, 177, 197, 363, 369 translate, 24, 86, 180, 186, 233, 307, 377, 387, 399, 486, 487, 538 translated, 37, 60, 186, 188, 233, 234, 307, 359, 378, 399, 400, 454, 486, 500, 540, 541 translates, 43, 65 translating, 178, 187, 232, 233, 234, 262, 295, 377, 378, 379, 380, 400, 431, 442, 486, 555 translating-room, 187 translation, 85, 149, 158, 159, 178, 187, 188, 230, 233, 234, 259, 297, 299, 300, 301, 306, 311, 357, 358, 377, 378, 381, 387, 442, 488, 506, 539 translations, 203, 360 Translations, 484 translator, 24 translators, 430 transparent, 24, 186, 264 trashy, 255 travel, 35, 53, 215, 217, 221, 224, 225, 285, 287, 302, 305, 330, 331, 339, 340, 341, 342, 344, 346, 360, 374, 377, 378, 382, 404, 407, 411, 425, 426, 427, 428, 445, 449, 547 traveled, 40, 54, 82, 206, 223, 273, 287, 346, 384, 385, 404, 415, 419, 423, 427, 428, 448, 536, 540 traveler, 426 traveling, 37, 224, 226, 228, 259, 305, 309, 404, 442, 448, 449, 467, 527, 555 travels, 45, 242, 345, 378, 381, 405, 412, 415 Treadwell, 122, 471 treasure, 54, 73, 75, 182, 184, 185, 186, 202, 227, 229, 232, 239, 262, 263, 265, 295, 314, 315, 316, 317, 358, 359, 371, 374, 375, 376, 377, 395, 484, 486, 490, 500, 502, 522, 523, 537, 554 Treasure Searching, 544 treasures, 75, 182, 185, 189, 222, 314, 315, 320, 359, 371, 375, 530 treasure-seeking, 73 treatise, 29 treaty, 511 tree, 132, 198, 430, 492, 530 trees, 178, 201, 548 trek, 410 tremens, 275 Trento, 542 trial, 59, 70, 71, 72, 159, 191, 272, 300, 302, 355, 375, 381, 395, 397, 398, 440, 443, 448, 449, 450, 456, 505, 528, 529, 530, 541, 553 Trial of Elder Rigdon, 483, 552 trials, 395, 460, 502, 521, 528, 530 triangle, 397, 468 tribe, 24, 27, 67, 202, 446 tribes, 23, 24, 27, 40, 41, 43, 44, 47, 48, 49, 50, 84, 89, 91, 97, 124, 126, 157, 180, 312, 446, 472 Tribune, 353, 374, 389, 443, 478, 483, 522, 543, 549 trick, 155, 181, 189, 202, 308, 356 tricks, 226, 361 trip, 34, 41, 53, 55, 70, 71, 96, 203, 206, 214, 224, 225, 231, 234, 249, 293, 296, 297, 301, 305, 307, 311, 315, 316, 330, 335, 338, 339, 341, 342, 344, 346, 358, 361, 377, 378, 380, 385, 413, 415, 425, 426, 427, 428, 460, 531, 557 Tripoli, 511 trips, 300, 348, 358, 379, 425, 485 trouble, 55, 149, 170, 230, 268, 301, 303, 316, 370, 501, 517 troubles, 153, 329, 440, 460 troublesome, 14, 109, 134, 308 Troy, 410, 411 Trumbull, 101, 174, 225, 230, 284, 285, 286, 289, 324, 363, 384, 410, 413, 414 (msp Trunbull), 415, 416, 417, 418, 421, 457, 459, 460, 461, 462, 483, 534, 535, 537, 558 trumpet, 116, 323 trunk, 31, 54, 55, 59, 60, 77, 78, 80, 90, 163, 198, 352, 398, 452 trust, 174, 238 trusted, 229, 292 trustee, 68, 290, 434 trustees, 292, 293, 305, 473 truth, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 32, 33, 37, 50, 73, 74, 110, 111, 112, 113, 116, 130, 140, 149, 155, 160, 168, 173, 196, 202, 203, 205, 206, 210, 233, 234, 242, 249, 269, 296, 297, 303, 310, 322, 328, 351, 355, 356, 362, 367, 368, 387, 392, 436, 439, 448, 449, 450, 458, 483, 516, 532, 542, 551 Truth Will Prevail, 460, 461, 547 truthful, 39, 117, 128, 167, 273, 353 truthfully, 234 truthfulness, 126, 242 Truths, 399, 435, 440, 441, 443, 448, 450, 452, 477, 479, 489, 506, 507, 535, 536, 539, 542, 543, 544, 545, 546, 547, 548, 549, 553 tubercular, 260 tuberculosis, 212 Tuchman, 367 Tucker, 57, 180, 181, 191, 241, 242, 244, 322, 333, 347, 471, 485, 490, 499, 502, 503, 504, 528, 533, 537, 539, 546, 550 tuition, 220 Tunbridge, 216, 217, 218, 224, 250, 372, 384, 405, 406, 407, 413, 415, 419, 495, 499, 512, 514, 518 Turhand, 289 turky, 318 Turner, 209, 211, 225, 226, 227, 228, 237, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 247, 249, 250, 251, 254, 255, 256, 257, 258, 259, 267, 271, 272, 273, 279, 292, 299, 300, 301, 310, 325, 326, 333, 344, 348, 395, 396, 398, 407, 471, 485, 492, 493, 503, 504, 505, 506, 509, 513, 516, 517, 519, 520, 521, 528, 536, 539, 546, 556 Turney, 556 turnips, 238, 503 turns, 24, 89, 118, 120, 174, 219, 245, 253, 254, 284, 289, 389, 435 tutelage, 217, 241 tutor, 468 Tuttle, 342, 493, 503, 530 Twelve, 32, 156, 173, 479, 531 twins, 336 Twins, 552 type, 73, 92, 220, 227, 228, 229, 247, 249, 250, 251, 256, 257, 260, 266, 298, 512, 515, 517, 541 typed, 470, 475, 492, 546 type-form, 256 types, 46, 92, 279, 468, 510 typescript, 454, 458, 509, 549 typeset, 398 typesetter, 250, 298, 317, 379 typesetting, 380 Typo, 257, 512, 516 typographical, 93, 262, 342, 444, 465, 504 U U. S., 67, 139, 198, 409, 431, 432, 434, 473, 474, 494, 496, 497, 511, 513, 516, 521, 534, 535, 543 U.S., 44, 219, 249, 266, 415, 473, 495, 496, 509, 527, 557 U.S.A, 431 unattributed, 441 unbelieving, 288, 361 unbiased, 334 unchristian, 35, 36, 167 unchristianlike, 32 unclaimed, 132, 242, 537 uncle, 55, 131, 132, 164, 188, 213, 214, 217, 241, 270, 284, 290, 306, 314, 323, 384, 385, 386, 393, 415, 416, 422, 424, 444, 445, 463, 480, 496, 516, 558 uncle/father-in-law, 558 unclear, 33, 66, 133, 154, 216, 241, 246, 306, 445, 539 Unconfirmed, 337, 338 uncover, 39, 63, 180, 471 undated, 443, 501, 519, 523 underground, 375, 395 undermines, 476 unearthed, 358, 384 unfinished, 80, 86, 90, 92, 93, 94, 95, 131, 179, 453, 520 unidentified, 39, 40, 85, 241, 258, 454, 515 uninhabited, 262 unintelligible, 222 uninvestigated, 488 Union, 390, 431, 464, 466, 509, 519, 557 United, 4, 13, 99, 153, 192, 256, 281, 431, 450, 465, 471, 472, 475, 482, 513, 518, 524, 529 uniting, 201, 294, 327 universal, 364 Universalist, 238, 327 Universalists, 398, 532 Univ., 550 UNIVERISITY, 393 University, 68, 332, 368, 377, 434, 440, 441, 443, 447, 454, 455, 458, 459, 460, 461, 462, 463, 468, 471, 477, 478, 480, 481, 484, 487, 489, 493, 494, 497, 498, 505, 506, 531, 536, 537, 546, 547, 554 unmarried, 284, 406, 447, 545 unmasked, 361 unmistakably, 59, 61, 331, 450, 481 unnamed, 87, 172, 279, 298, 454, 515, 517 unnoticed, 404 unnumbered, 517, 529 unobserved, 392 unpublished, 179, 213, 448, 453, 454, 461, 474, 480, 522, 558 unraveled, 387 unread, 74, 450 unreasonable, 223, 239, 295, 402 unrecorded, 551 unregenerate, 545 unreliable, 139, 151, 170, 174, 207, 269, 532 unreported, 133, 270, 555 unresolved, 14, 94, 406 unscrupulous, 432, 524 unsigned, 61, 64, 65, 450, 501 Unsigned, 65, 79 unsolved, 209, 520 unsophisticated, 182 unstable, 171, 242, 269, 353, 488, 538 unsteady, 447 unsubstantiated, 135, 155 unsuspecting, 46, 193, 331 untimely, 196, 475 untitled, 443, 448 untold, 387, 489 Unvailed, 38, 39, 77, 109, 195, 196, 347, 369, 437, 438, 439, 443, 444, 452, 453, 454, 464, 473, 476, 478, 480, 482, 486, 489, 493, 502, 523, 530, 536, 537, 539, 540, 542, 545 unveil, 196 unveiled, 430, 437 Unveiled, 51, 393, 552 unwelcome, 189, 329, 532 unwitting, 206, 360, 361, 363, 432, 556 unworthily, 325 Upper, 468, 472 upstate, 198 Upstick, 482 Urania, 444 Urbana, 478, 487, 536, 550 Urim and Thummim (biblical divining lots): JS�s odd instrument (breastplate & stones) later claimed as biblical Urim & Thummim, 24, 183, 186, 227, 306, 430 n.3, 540 n.65 Rev. Ethan Smith said the Indians had a device like the Urim & Thummim), 540 n.65 UT, 436 Utah, 7, 17, 162, 354, 360, 386, 390, 429, 430, 433, 442, 453, 454, 471, 479, 480, 488, 490, 501, 506, 526, 527, 531, 532, 548, 549, 551, 552, 554, 556 Utica, 426, 427, 525, 552 Utica-Rochester, 427 Utica-Schenectedy, 427 V vagabond, 219, 222, 499 vagabonds, 219 Vagrant, 382, 397 Vagrants, 397 Valley, 25, 53, 55, 80, 107, 122, 129, 190, 344, 393, 416, 431, 441, 446, 513, 534, 535, 544 valleys, 446 Valleys, 344 Valparaiso, 87, 453 van, 68, 131, 198, 249, 459, 473, 476, 485, 489, 490, 511 Van, 13, 130, 170, 191, 192, 345, 361, 364, 430, 436, 459, 460, 461, 462, 477, 479, 482, 483, 488, 489, 492, 506, 507, 509, 543, 544, 547, 548, 549, 551, 552, 553 van Buren, 198, 249, 489, 490, 511 Van Buren, 13, 361, 430, 552 van Meter, 459 Vanderhoof, 273, 524, 525, 528, 544, 545 Vandruver, 485 Vanduzer, 180, 181 Vaneman, 472 Vantage, 484, 544 variance, 486 variant, 27, 325, 445, 556 variation, 432, 486 variations, 180, 447, 455, 493, 529 varies, 542, 556 variety, 9, 33, 79, 94, 106, 119, 155, 200, 201, 228, 334, 352, 468, 470, 471, 535, 557 vengeance, 46, 165, 167, 353, 488 Vennem, 472 Vennum, 472 Venom, 123, 472 Venus, 502 verbatim, 45, 60, 61, 62, 158, 280, 299, 487 verdict, 72, 302, 481 verified, 59, 498 Veritas, 458 VT, 405, 406, 407, 409, 411, 412, 415, 494, 497 Vt., 384, 385, 405, 406, 407, 408, 411, 413, 415, 419, 493, 494, 496, 497, 499, 503, 504, 512, 514, 518, 527, 528, 540, 557, 558 VT/NY, 412 Vermont, 34, 182, 209, 211, 212, 213, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221, 223, 228, 237, 241, 242, 250, 255, 257, 284, 313, 359, 372, 384, 385, 396, 405, 407, 409, 411, 413, 415, 418, 419, 439, 474, 493, 494, 495, 497, 498, 499, 501, 503, 514, 518, 519, 527, 555 Vernal, 454 Vernon, 285, 344, 410, 414, 415, 417, 421, 534, 536, 558 verse, 187, 542 versed, 244, 250, 368, 458 verses, 27, 542, 544 Vershire, 499 version, 31, 32, 39, 48, 65, 76, 81, 85, 92, 177, 178, 179, 216, 233, 240, 244, 265, 305, 329, 335, 363, 368, 369, 382, 441, 454, 484, 485, 486, 487, 499, 521, 537, 539, 540, 542, 543, 549 versions, 432, 433, 441, 485 vessel, 511 veteran, 104, 467, 471, 517 vice, 248, 447 vices, 453 vicinity, 31, 183, 185, 188, 190, 191, 204, 205, 219, 221, 246, 275, 323, 328, 391, 448, 557 vicious, 29, 75, 238 victim, 170, 239 victims, 364 Victor, 525 Vienna, 239 view, 29, 40, 47, 59, 73, 126, 127, 130, 141, 143, 162, 200, 223, 302, 326, 391, 448, 494, 498, 544, 549, 551 View of the Hebrews, 540 views, 84, 170, 179, 520 Vigo, 531 vile, 46, 108, 438 vilify, 166, 176, 278, 514 village, 34, 36, 67, 91, 124, 125, 127, 134, 186, 190, 199, 238, 239, 240, 243, 275, 276, 279, 290, 317, 323, 325, 427, 444, 504, 516, 517, 518, 533, 553 Village, 33, 469, 507, 508, 557 villages, 202, 226, 246 Villages, 517 villain, 364 Vinamin, 472 vindicated, 139, 140, 334 vindictive, 30, 159, 196 vintage, 436 violate, 70, 273 violence, 160, 192, 440, 443, 476 violent, 534 Virgil (first name): Virgil D. White (ed. see biblio), 474 n.109 Virgin, 27 VA, 461, 482 Va., 342, 494, 512, 515, 547 Virginia, 127, 267, 342, 453, 480, 515 virulent, 156, 281 Vision, 177, 179, 180, 402, 479, 485, 550 visionary, 169, 170, 490 visit, 38, 40, 49, 53, 54, 57, 58, 64, 70, 74, 79, 80, 84, 85, 106, 113, 140, 141, 142, 143, 149, 160, 163, 175, 179, 206, 214, 217, 218, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 230, 232, 234, 254, 265, 271, 287, 288, 296, 309, 316, 317, 326, 327, 330, 376, 377, 378, 384, 386, 423, 439, 440, 451, 465, 476, 479, 504, 518, 530, 551, 554, 555 visitations, 193, 230, 460 visited, 23, 27, 30, 64, 67, 70, 83, 141, 142, 153, 159, 162, 163, 176, 181, 184, 187, 204, 205, 227, 228, 231, 246, 249, 276, 288, 289, 295, 327, 328, 331, 332, 349, 373, 381, 409, 425, 446, 460, 485, 497, 532, 536, 540 visiting, 13, 31, 49, 133, 142, 150, 218, 222, 224, 226, 232, 279, 317, 321, 324, 326, 327, 347, 356, 440, 516, 528 visitor, 187, 220, 250, 297 visits, 141, 183, 203, 220, 245, 310, 321, 322, 326, 329, 341, 345, 346, 372, 373, 375, 378, 379, 381, 382, 393, 485 Vital, 499 Viz, 314 vocabulary, 481 vocal, 441 Vogel, 498, 508, 521, 523, 538, 552 voice, 134, 169, 171, 362, 364, 431 Voice of One Crying, 462, 482 Vol., 212, 334, 454, 474, 511, 523, 548, 558 volume, 4, 15, 17, 25, 69, 92, 175, 180, 209, 223, 237, 258, 270, 281, 337, 356, 367, 368, 369, 402, 449, 456, 468, 493, 512, 527, 541, 549 volumes, 73, 144, 237, 273 von, 172, 454, 483, 532, 543, 544, 546 von Humboldt's, 187, 454 von Wymetal, 172, 483, 532, 543, 544, 546 vote, 524 Voters, 547 votes, 336, 341, 362 voyage, 86, 484 W Wagnalls, 441, 451, 471 wagon, 142, 216, 232, 253, 266, 332, 376, 377, 404, 557 Wagoner, 170, 345, 364, 436, 459, 460, 461, 462, 477, 479, 482, 483, 488, 489, 492, 506, 509, 543, 544, 547, 548, 549, 551, 553 wagonloads, 284 wagons, 191, 230, 254, 284, 285 Wait, 340 Waite, 343 waiting, 15, 142, 159, 161, 188, 372, 375, 376, 410, 411, 498, 499, 518, 522, 535, 537 waked, 391 Wakefield, 438 wakened, 391 Walden, 453 walk, 75, 119, 169, 175, 187, 189, 190, 192, 218, 227, 231, 260, 283, 416, 427, 428, 446, 468 walked, 169, 242, 273, 495, 500 Walker, 291, 468, 495, 558 walking, 268, 286, 290, 295, 296, 326, 385, 410, 413, 415, 488 Wall, 472, 488, 549 Waller, 527 Walnut, 469 Walter, 4, 103, 118, 218, 219, 220, 221, 222, 227, 228, 232, 286, 310, 335, 336, 337, 341, 342, 354, 392, 465, 485, 497, 499, 500, 502, 537, 542, 548 Walter(s), 218, 221, 222, 227, 228, 232, 497, 499, 500 Walters, 4, 178, 179, 180, 219, 222, 485, 494, 497, 499, 500, 505, 510, 521, 523, 528, 530, 546, 550 Walton, 552 Walworth, 249, 256, 271, 511 Wandall, 525 wandering, 202, 259 wanderlust, 228, 403, 495 war, 24, 26, 82, 85, 86, 89, 147, 440, 456, 457, 500 War, 26, 85, 121, 216, 246, 251, 267, 384, 403, 411, 413, 415, 431, 432, 464, 471, 472, 474, 496, 497, 557 Ward, 260, 471, 513, 521 Warden, 527 Ware, 419 warfare, 309, 357 Warner, 286, 337, 482, 494 warrant, 29, 58, 305, 381, 395, 448, 530 Warren, 44, 100, 101, 212, 217, 223, 224, 226, 228, 229, 248, 249, 252, 253, 254, 265, 266, 268, 270, 275, 278, 279, 283, 285, 286, 287, 336, 340, 341, 343, 344, 347, 385, 411, 412, 413, 414, 418, 420, 423, 438, 453, 458, 459, 460, 462, 467, 480, 492, 493, 494, 495, 496, 497, 502, 506, 509, 510, 513, 514, 515, 516, 524, 525, 528, 529, 535, 537, 554 Warren's, 223, 229, 252, 253, 278, 286, 411, 413, 495, 514, 515, 516, 524 Warrensville, 342 warrent, 315 warriors, 457 wars, 40, 42, 44, 45, 46, 47, 49, 104, 126, 454 Warsaw, 241 WA, 528 Washington, 4, 13, 25, 108, 118, 127, 132, 163, 276, 335, 408, 419, 432, 433, 442, 444, 452, 455, 458, 459, 460, 463, 464, 468, 471, 472, 473, 474, 475, 476, 477, 480, 482, 495, 503, 505, 518, 543, 549, 554 Wasson, 186 watches, 276, 376 watchmaking, 474 Watchman, 443, 552 water, 45, 182, 183, 184, 189, 190, 193, 226, 497 Waterloo, 422, 538, 546 Waterman, 338 watermarked, 92, 456 watermarks, 456 Waters, 500 water-witch, 182 water-witching, 226 Watson, 531 Waugh, 468 Wayne, 1, 4, 57, 180, 181, 182, 191, 204, 214, 220, 242, 243, 318, 320, 321, 325, 348, 373, 375, 379, 381, 412, 419, 421, 442, 479, 480, 484, 485, 491, 493, 494, 496, 497, 498, 499, 502, 504, 518, 522, 523, 524, 540, 543 Waynesboro, 474 Waynesburgh, 476 wealth, 80, 222, 239, 315, 373 wealthy, 16, 54, 144, 165, 229, 247, 296, 404, 469 weather, 161, 228, 229, 305, 324, 333, 343, 346, 347, 348, 378, 409, 426, 548 Weathersfield, 462 Weaver, 453 web, 300, 429, 453 web-host, 429 website, 481 Webster's, 390 wedding, 19, 67, 72, 101, 218, 285, 287, 337, 339, 340, 343, 375, 460, 463, 481, 499, 508, 537 Weed, 228, 256, 257, 261, 517, 519, 522, 525, 526, 534 Weed's, 228, 256, 257, 522 week, 44, 68, 102, 116, 122, 148, 153, 224, 239, 254, 288, 291, 295, 296, 306, 311, 329, 331, 332, 340, 341, 346, 390, 391, 392, 427, 470, 491, 518, 541 Weekly, 96, 97, 432, 457, 481, 491, 497 weeks, 95, 97, 101, 103, 123, 150, 168, 201, 206, 224, 225, 229, 231, 233, 252, 254, 258, 261, 264, 287, 289, 294, 300, 304, 311, 312, 327, 340, 344, 345, 348, 349, 374, 379, 380, 383, 396, 427, 478, 518, 521, 541, 548 Weeks, 518, 531 weight, 260, 355, 427, 519 Weirton, 342 Welch, 454, 536, 550 welfare, 219, 268, 453 well, 9, 15, 16, 25, 26, 28, 29, 39, 40, 44, 45, 46, 52, 59, 63, 64, 67, 73, 81, 82, 83, 85, 86, 91, 93, 96, 97, 100, 101, 107, 108, 112, 118, 119, 120, 123, 125, 131, 132, 134, 135, 137, 138, 139, 140, 142, 143, 144, 145, 149, 151, 152, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 162, 163, 165, 166, 168, 173, 174, 175, 176, 178, 181, 182, 187, 190, 193, 195, 197, 198, 202, 210, 212, 213, 215, 216, 221, 222, 223, 224, 226, 229, 232, 235, 237, 240, 243, 244, 247, 248, 250, 252, 255, 256, 257, 258, 260, 262, 267, 272, 273, 278, 279, 281, 284, 285, 286, 287, 288, 289, 291, 292, 296, 297, 299, 307, 308, 311, 312, 315, 317, 318, 319, 321, 322, 324, 325, 329, 347, 348, 351, 355, 357, 361, 363, 364, 365, 368, 370, 371, 386, 387, 396, 398, 401, 402, 404, 423, 427, 430, 432, 433, 437, 440, 444, 450, 452, 458, 463, 466, 467, 468, 469, 476, 480, 484, 486, 488, 490, 494, 495, 497, 499, 500, 509, 513, 518, 521, 531, 550, 552, 556, 557 well-being, 363 well-educated, 25, 252, 440 well-known, 15, 28, 29, 67, 86, 151, 198, 226, 247, 248, 286, 307, 490, 556 well-orchestrated, 361 well-publicized, 484 well-reasoned, 494 Wellington, 477 Wells, 122, 206, 207, 212, 213, 217, 218, 220, 228, 237, 242, 265, 267, 376, 471, 491, 492, 493, 494, 496, 497, 498, 499, 503 Wellses, 207, 492 Wellsville, 513 Welsh, 100 Werner, 492 Wesley, 4, 69, 178, 179, 267, 485, 494, 497, 505, 510, 521, 528, 530, 550 west, 25, 26, 34, 67, 85, 125, 137, 147, 166, 175, 183, 187, 190, 204, 207, 216, 218, 225, 227, 241, 265, 284, 286, 290, 343, 344, 384, 404, 431, 469, 472, 473, 496, 508 West, 53, 127, 205, 216, 253, 276, 284, 317, 322, 342, 405, 406, 407, 436, 438, 480, 481, 491, 510, 515, 516, 520, 531, 546, 552, 555 WV, 122 West Virginia, 128, 432, 480 n.34, 515 n.74, Westel, 439 Westergen, 552 western, 26, 28, 34, 57, 99, 126, 177, 198, 201, 202, 216, 217, 218, 224, 226, 227, 237, 246, 247, 249, 250, 251, 264, 267, 270, 273, 284, 294, 325, 327, 384, 386, 401, 404, 417, 436, 468, 472, 490, 496, 506, 510, 511, 515, 518, 526, 527, 537, 557 Western, 26, 28, 34, 129, 152, 199, 201, 241, 251, 258, 268, 285, 311, 337, 384, 411, 412, 426, 427, 431, 437, 440, 441, 443, 444, 447, 456, 459, 464, 465, 468, 469, 470, 472, 476, 477, 481, 482, 484, 497, 503, 504, 506, 511, 517, 518, 524, 525, 526, 534, 535, 536, 542, 543, 544, 555, 556 Westfield, 426 Westminster, 494, 521, 530 westward, 67, 132, 133, 190, 218, 285, 309, 384, 404, 430, 495, 557 Wheeler, 71, 168, 434, 446 Wheeling, 122, 125, 126, 515 Whig, 114, 454, 466, 467, 476 White, 49, 86, 343, 440, 474 Whiteside, 457 Whitewood, 201 Whiting, 344, 461, 478 Whitmer, 186, 204, 212, 233, 248, 296, 297, 298, 305, 315, 329, 332, 355, 360, 379, 381, 382, 386, 447, 493, 520, 521, 538, 540, 541, 544, 547, 549, 551, 552, 554 Whitmers, 298, 331, 358, 360, 380, 382, 538 Whitmer's, 297, 386, 520, 521, 538, 549 Whitmers', 382 Whitney, 48, 71, 161, 162, 172, 271, 272, 273, 274, 277, 278, 310, 439, 440, 448, 479, 484, 507, 528, 529, 537 Whitsett, 548 Whitsitt, 14, 15 Who Really Wrote The Book of Mormon?, 1, 9, 10, 12, 15 wicked, 18, 37, 84, 108, 299, 433, 448, 452, 500, 539 wickedest, 500 wickedly, 13, 102, 238, 401 wickedness, 55, 109 Wickham, 507, 508 widely-circulated, 540 widow, 13, 30, 34, 49, 53, 54, 58, 59, 60, 78, 79, 82, 105, 113, 118, 121, 122, 126, 132, 133, 152, 164, 184, 186, 189, 203, 206, 224, 229, 261, 274, 277, 285, 314, 315, 335, 352, 358, 415, 419, 438, 441, 451, 462, 464, 469, 483, 488, 522, 535, 540, 554 widowe, 61, 79 widowed, 214 widowers, 215 widows, 360 wife, 14, 26, 40, 44, 52, 53, 78, 83, 96, 101, 102, 110, 111, 112, 121, 123, 125, 128, 129, 132, 140, 141, 142, 162, 163, 174, 185, 186, 188, 192, 196, 198, 202, 204, 206, 214, 216, 229, 231, 233, 234, 251, 254, 257, 258, 264, 267, 274, 276, 277, 284, 285, 287, 289, 293, 298, 299, 301, 338, 352, 353, 358, 362, 377, 380, 381, 390, 392, 405, 406, 433, 437, 438, 439, 444, 445, 446, 451, 452, 456, 459, 469, 472, 474, 480, 481, 486, 487, 490, 493, 495, 497, 499, 501, 502, 506, 509, 512, 514, 515, 518, 533, 535, 546 wife's, 174, 439, 456, 459 Wight, 156, 315, 316, 317, 342, 343, 344, 345, 394, 544 Wilbur, 105, 212, 463, 503, 505, 517 Wilcox, 290, 323, 524 Wild, 216, 544 Wild Ram, 544 wilderness, 67, 82, 169, 183, 190, 214, 251, 298, 364 Wilderness, 462, 482 wildest, 391, 553 wilds, 495 Wilds, 401 Wilford, 156 Wilhelm, 172, 478, 483, 543 Will, 316, 460, 461, 547 Willard, 156, 180, 186, 251, 322, 359, 371, 376, 486, 537, 539 Willers, 498, 538 Willes, 508 Wm., 55, 102, 317, 411, 453, 493, 513, 525 William, 14, 15, 53, 54, 58, 69, 80, 91, 102, 122, 131, 132, 134, 137, 154, 156, 160, 161, 180, 181, 188, 191, 198, 212, 213, 214, 215, 217, 220, 221, 229, 230, 231, 248, 260, 261, 263, 265, 266, 267, 269, 270, 271, 272, 275, 276, 277, 279, 281, 283, 284, 288, 289, 291, 326, 336, 338, 342, 353, 355, 358, 362, 363, 376, 387, 402, 410, 411, 415, 416, 417, 419, 420, 430, 433, 441, 442, 444, 453, 455, 457, 460, 461, 462, 464, 466, 467, 473, 474, 475, 477, 478, 479, 485, 490, 492, 493, 494, 495, 496, 498, 499, 501, 503, 505, 507, 509, 513, 514, 516, 517, 520, 522, 524, 525, 526, 527, 528, 529, 530, 532, 533, 534, 536, 537, 542, 543, 548, 549, 550, 552, 553, 557, 558 William's, 132, 214, 215, 457, 494, 499 Williams, 121, 149, 150, 165, 172, 248, 337, 369, 370, 432, 434, 438, 439, 440, 441, 445, 446, 449, 454, 459, 461, 471, 477, 482, 483, 509, 510, 520, 525, 534 Williamson, 214, 217, 218, 406, 410, 411, 422, 494, 496, 497, 514, 557 Williamsville, 246 Willimantic, 453 Willis, 508 Willoughby, 325, 439, 507 Willson, 502 Wilson, 156, 157, 158, 273, 341, 438, 453, 474, 478, 508, 553 Wimmer, 481, 510 Win., 475 Winchel, 213, 498 Winchell, 213, 220, 221, 222, 226, 227, 228, 494, 498 Winchell, N. H. (auth. see biblio), 498 n.39 Winchester, 31, 32, 36, 38, 39, 40, 53, 85, 104, 149, 433, 434, 435, 436, 437, 441, 448, 463, 466, 467, 477 Winchester's, 32, 38, 39, 104, 149, 433, 437, 477 Windham, 25, 311, 453 Windsor, 161, 185, 508 wine, 391 Wines, 198, 430, 490 Wingate, 213, 336, 494, 498 Wingate-Winget, 494 Winter, 152, 153, 154, 156, 177, 197, 377, 378, 380, 381, 457, 458, 461, 477, 483, 494, 552 Winwood, 47, 440 WI, 249, 511 Wis., 471, 476, 511 Wisconsin, 256, 270, 271, 304, 443, 447, 455, 459, 461, 462, 471, 477, 480, 493, 511, 515, 528, 547 wisdom, 315, 369, 387, 542 wise, 9, 109, 172, 503 witchcraft, 182, 219 witches, 314, 538 witness, 29, 49, 63, 66, 71, 72, 87, 89, 100, 127, 128, 138, 139, 140, 153, 156, 167, 272, 302, 303, 307, 327, 349, 359, 391, 397, 400, 437, 447, 480, 488, 521, 524, 530, 532, 541, 542, 550 witnessed, 53, 87, 104, 176, 214, 243, 380, 391, 406, 435, 438, 444, 462, 492, 506, 534, 535 witnesses, 28, 29, 30, 33, 40, 44, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 54, 59, 60, 63, 64, 65, 69, 70, 73, 74, 75, 85, 88, 89, 92, 93, 112, 122, 128, 141, 142, 143, 151, 152, 155, 161, 162, 167, 174, 176, 178, 181, 184, 186, 190, 212, 213, 272, 302, 303, 312, 317, 332, 334, 346, 349, 355, 365, 370, 391, 437, 442, 447, 464, 502, 531, 550, 551 wits, 197, 198, 199, 200, 260, 327 witted, 318 wives, 103, 154, 219, 358, 404, 417, 435, 497 Wolcott, 418, 497 wolf, 230, 461 wolves, 214 woman, 12, 53, 108, 109, 117, 135, 139, 162, 163, 238, 246, 318, 396, 407, 412, 435, 436, 449, 465, 555 women, 35, 36, 72, 162, 167, 450, 464, 465 women's, 464 wonder, 97, 116, 134, 149, 165, 180, 360, 365, 369, 370, 466, 467 wonderful, 13, 82, 126, 183, 188, 230, 310 wonders, 211, 212, 221, 222, 391 wood, 189, 239, 276, 522 Wood, 148, 213, 214, 220, 345, 359, 431, 463, 470, 477, 493, 494 Wood Scrape, 213, 214, 220, 359, 494 Woodbury, 71, 168, 447 woodchuck, 400 wooden, 129, 186, 228, 279, 469 Woodruff, 156 woods, 186, 188, 239, 306, 516 Woodstock, 495, 504 Woodworth, 372 wool-carding, 515 Woolworth, 372 Wooster, 472, 516 word, 29, 37, 63, 117, 118, 150, 164, 201, 202, 231, 232, 233, 267, 286, 294, 302, 316, 320, 322, 327, 358, 399, 400, 435, 447, 450, 465, 478, 486, 492, 542 wording, 118, 258, 262, 265, 433, 439, 506, 521, 539 words, 14, 24, 28, 31, 34, 35, 37, 38, 39, 45, 50, 54, 60, 69, 74, 78, 80, 81, 88, 113, 117, 118, 139, 150, 158, 161, 167, 171, 180, 187, 191, 203, 233, 251, 253, 254, 261, 262, 263, 265, 269, 272, 273, 280, 281, 297, 298, 299, 301, 305, 306, 309, 314, 315, 328, 329, 331, 353, 356, 365, 368, 370, 436, 437, 440, 453, 479, 488, 501, 506, 509, 517, 537, 544, 555 work, 4, 10, 11, 12, 15, 27, 28, 30, 31, 33, 37, 38, 42, 46, 49, 50, 58, 59, 63, 73, 78, 79, 81, 82, 83, 85, 87, 89, 90, 92, 93, 94, 95, 100, 101, 107, 108, 109, 111, 126, 147, 148, 149, 167, 169, 172, 174, 177, 178, 180, 181, 184, 185, 186, 187, 191, 192, 193, 195, 199, 200, 201, 203, 206, 209, 219, 224, 226, 228, 229, 230, 231, 233, 234, 238, 240, 245, 247, 248, 250, 257, 258, 261, 262, 264, 274, 281, 289, 294, 296, 299, 301, 303, 307, 322, 323, 327, 348, 357, 358, 364, 367, 368, 373, 376, 379, 390, 401, 402, 405, 430, 433, 437, 438, 452, 453, 463, 468, 478, 481, 485, 487, 493, 497, 501, 503, 504, 509, 519, 520, 521, 525, 532, 533, 539, 540, 549, 555 worked, 38, 86, 104, 181, 182, 184, 185, 207, 217, 226, 228, 251, 267, 307, 317, 323, 357, 358, 365, 370, 391, 404, 496, 508, 512, 518, 549 working, 38, 61, 78, 83, 142, 169, 175, 191, 199, 201, 227, 230, 239, 243, 251, 255, 258, 261, 265, 267, 271, 279, 280, 293, 297, 298, 308, 352, 375, 376, 378, 412, 456, 511, 515, 520 work-in-progress, 405 workmanship, 273 works, 11, 18, 31, 68, 86, 129, 202, 228, 231, 247, 262, 360, 374, 376, 392, 402, 468, 491, 541 world, 9, 10, 11, 12, 15, 16, 17, 18, 37, 39, 42, 73, 100, 107, 116, 125, 154, 170, 193, 197, 199, 202, 213, 231, 238, 240, 263, 278, 308, 312, 351, 354, 355, 359, 360, 364, 399, 400, 486, 506, 545, 553 worship, 139, 180, 309, 431 worshiped, 364 Worshipful, 528 worshippers, 84 worthless, 249, 292, 510 worthy, 60, 66, 81, 109, 111, 239, 463, 464 wrath, 159, 375, 545 wreckage, 192, 520 wrecked, 67, 101, 490 Wright, 33, 43, 48, 50, 51, 52, 53, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 79, 83, 109, 277, 392, 435, 444, 445, 446, 447, 450 Wright's, 61, 62, 63, 64, 66, 67, 68, 277, 435, 445, 447, 450 writ, 58, 59, 69, 443, 447, 542 writ of ejectment, 542 write, 14, 37, 39, 73, 74, 81, 82, 84, 94, 95, 101, 105, 107, 110, 112, 114, 116, 124, 125, 163, 165, 187, 226, 256, 268, 291, 293, 304, 306, 316, 351, 393, 396, 398, 435, 443, 450, 456, 487, 518, 520, 532, 533, 550 writer, 28, 47, 61, 62, 87, 92, 95, 96, 147, 152, 172, 181, 245, 441, 447, 503, 504, 505, 519, 525 Writer/historian, 435 writers, 15, 24, 31, 46, 48, 49, 53, 59, 65, 70, 74, 75, 86, 90, 135, 138, 141, 151, 153, 155, 162, 195, 197, 203, 210, 269, 280, 292, 311, 314, 352, 355, 367, 368, 369, 387, 404, 485, 491, 537 writes, 11, 152, 206, 243, 331, 332, 335, 379, 380, 460, 463, 498, 523, 529, 543 writing, 15, 27, 37, 38, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 46, 48, 49, 60, 61, 62, 63, 66, 68, 79, 81, 82, 86, 91, 93, 94, 95, 96, 107, 118, 119, 124, 125, 126, 128, 130, 140, 142, 150, 152, 155, 159, 163, 203, 218, 226, 244, 245, 248, 250, 255, 259, 262, 263, 266, 283, 288, 291, 295, 315, 319, 321, 346, 362, 383, 384, 386, 396, 436, 444, 448, 450, 454, 492, 498, 505, 506, 541, 554 writings, 13, 33, 40, 41, 42, 43, 45, 49, 52, 54, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 79, 80, 82, 97, 108, 110, 118, 128, 130, 152, 188, 197, 210, 255, 401, 432, 445, 449, 520, 539 written, 4, 14, 15, 24, 25, 27, 29, 30, 31, 34, 37, 42, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 50, 51, 52, 55, 57, 60, 61, 62, 63, 66, 68, 69, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 85, 86, 90, 91, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 101, 103, 107, 108, 113, 114, 115, 116, 123, 124, 126, 128, 131, 142, 147, 150, 154, 156, 159, 161, 163, 178, 181, 187, 192, 196, 203, 207, 213, 232, 243, 244, 253, 259, 262, 265, 267, 268, 280, 293, 303, 305, 306, 310, 332, 351, 354, 359, 362, 363, 368, 383, 384, 386, 389, 392, 395, 396, 399, 401, 402, 429, 435, 441, 444, 449, 450, 455, 456, 467, 471, 473, 490, 494, 501, 507, 510, 515, 521, 523, 524, 525, 526, 529, 530, 532, 538, 540, 541, 544, 550 wrong, 15, 70, 79, 143, 150, 172, 179, 180, 289, 300, 311, 313, 442, 449, 532, 533 wronged, 364 wrote, 4, 11, 13, 15, 31, 32, 37, 40, 42, 43, 47, 61, 62, 64, 65, 78, 79, 80, 82, 89, 90, 91, 92, 96, 99, 110, 113, 114, 115, 116, 122, 123, 127, 128, 140, 157, 158, 159, 160, 165, 168, 171, 174, 187, 195, 206, 211, 220, 226, 237, 243, 253, 263, 265, 273, 275, 288, 295, 297, 304, 305, 315, 319, 332, 347, 351, 355, 360, 399, 400, 439, 444, 445, 447, 450, 451, 455, 462, 466, 478, 486, 497, 510, 550 www.solomonspalding.com, 429, 453, 481 Wycliffe, 30, 457, 458, 459, 461, 549 Wyl, 172, 478, 479, 483, 532, 543, 544, 546, 549 Wylie, 475 Wymetal, 172, 483, 532, 543, 544, 546 Wyndham, 80, 86 Wyngate, 213 Wyo., 494, 534 Wyoming, 420 Y Yale, 431 Yan, 34 Yankee, 129, 199, 454, 473, 476 yarns, 463 Yates, 34, 500 Yates-Ontario, 500 yoke, 112 Yonge, 267 York, 13, 23, 25, 26, 29, 31, 34, 44, 48, 53, 54, 57, 58, 60, 67, 71, 72, 77, 78, 80, 82, 84, 107, 122, 126, 129, 130, 141, 155, 160, 167, 175, 177, 180, 181, 183, 185, 186, 188, 197, 198, 199, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 209, 210, 211, 214, 216, 217, 218, 220, 221, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 231, 233, 237, 241, 243, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 257, 264, 265, 267, 270, 272, 273, 284, 287, 288, 291, 292, 293, 295, 296, 301, 304, 306, 311, 315, 317, 318, 320, 323, 324, 325, 327, 331, 332, 334, 336, 339, 344, 345, 346, 347, 349, 353, 355, 357, 358, 359, 361, 362, 367, 374, 375, 377, 379, 382, 383, 385, 386, 389, 390, 391, 400, 404, 408, 409, 411, 412, 415, 417, 419, 421, 422, 423, 425, 426, 429, 431, 434, 436, 440, 441, 442, 443, 444, 451, 455, 458, 465, 466, 467, 469, 471, 474, 476, 477, 478, 480, 483, 484, 485, 486, 488, 489, 490, 491, 492, 493, 495, 496, 497, 499, 503, 504, 505, 506, 507, 508, 509, 510, 511, 512, 513, 515, 516, 517, 518, 519, 521, 523, 524, 525, 526, 527, 529, 534, 537, 538, 543, 544, 546, 547, 549, 550, 551, 552, 553, 554, 555, 556, 557 Yorker, 458 Young, 154, 156, 158, 159, 160, 162, 172, 175, 189, 198, 199, 209, 212, 241, 265, 353, 358, 360, 364, 430, 432, 433, 434, 454, 458, 466, 467, 479, 480, 488, 492, 498, 500, 501, 505, 506, 516, 523, 531, 544, 551 Young's, 358, 551 younger, 25, 26, 38, 100, 105, 119, 121, 137, 140, 154, 160, 164, 176, 199, 209, 212, 214, 228, 260, 291, 301, 307, 323, 347, 405, 408, 409, 458, 464, 465, 467, 469, 492, 503, 515 youngest, 24, 215, 216, 247, 403, 420, 439, 444 Youngstown, 224, 285, 288, 385, 410, 413, 416, 417, 418, 460, 534, 535, 536, 537, 554 Ypsilanti, 253 Z Zacchariah, 405, 406, 408 Zadoc, 475 zeal, 9, 115, 175, 219 zealots, 201 zealous, 50, 172, 201 Zebedee, 435, 448 Zebulon, 543 Zephaniah, 25 Ziba, 131, 132, 204, 473, 474 Zimmermann, 544 Zion (LDS designation for land of promise in the Americas): 192, 198, 360, 391, 520 n.113 Zion's Camp (1834 LDS military expedition), 467 n.65 Zion (Zion�s Camp), Jackson Co., MO: generalization for LDS �Mt. Zion� at Independence, MO, 1831-33, 520 n.113, 542 n.70, 546 n.43 Zion�s Watchman: Mormonism Unveiled: Zion's Watchman Unmasked (see biblio.), 552 n.23 Zion's Literary Firm: Established at Kirtland, OH, in 1832, 248 Zion's Printing & Publishing Co. (pub. see biblio), 436 n.45, 514 n.68 Zondervan, 429 Zophar, 421

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